KSM-66® - Reduction in cortisol levels
SaffSerrene™ - Supports mental health and mood balance, suppresses appetite<\/p>\r\n
Core BURN is a comprehensive weight management supplement and appetite suppressants<\/p>\r\n
1 scoops per serving.
50 servings per container.
BURN is the next innovation in thermogenics. A modern weight loss solution using trademarked and patented ingredients, BURN addresses every major metabolic pathway of adipose creation and deposition. Whereas many thermogenics focus exclusively on stimulation, BURN contains ingredients with specific, high-quality evidence demonstrating their efficacy. SaffSerene™, for example, has been demonstrated to significantly reduce subjective feelings of hunger – one of the only dietary ingredients on the market that the FDA allows to make such a claim. KSM-66®, a patented extract of Ashwagandha, has been shown to significantly reduce corstiol – the body’s key stress hormone – in clinical trials. Together with the other premium ingredients in BURN, these two ingredients create an unparalleled weight management product.<\/p>\r\n
A complete formula, BURN is simply the modern evolution in weight loss supplements. With every facet of weight loss covered, BURN is the perfect companion to your diet and exercise regimen.<\/p>\r\n
Acetyl-l-Carnitine:<\/p>\r\n
L-carnitine is a derivative of the amino acid lysine and, as certain conditions outpace the body’s ability to produce it, l-carnitine is considered a conditionally essential amino acid. While endogenous biosynthesis of l-carnitine from the amino acids lysine and methionine is sufficient for essential processes – along with dietary sources of carnitine from protein-rich red meat, for example – dietary supplementation of carnitine may pose benefits in certain physiological conditions.<\/p>\r\n
Unfortunately, due to excess metabolism of l-carnitine by microorganisms in the small intestine, exogenous supplementation with oral l-carnitine has proved ineffective. ALCAR, an acetylated version of l-carnitine, has considerably higher oral bioavailability, due likely to only partial hydrolytic metabolism. Once in the bloodstream, ALCAR plays a fundamental role in the production of energy, acting as the catalyst for the beta-oxidation of long chain fatty acids by the mitochondria; regulating the CoA to Acyl-CoA ratio (necessary for the production of ATP); and the metabolism of carbohydrates. ALCAR also is an excitatory agent for neurons, increases neuronal transmission, and increases the production of neurotransmitters and neurohormones such as dopamine and serotonin.<\/p>\r\n
KSM-66® Full-spectrum Ashwagandha root extract (5% Withanolides)<\/p>\r\n
Withania somnifera Dunal, colloquially known as Winter Cherry or Indian Ginseng, is an herb that features prominently in the traditional Indian medicinal system of Ayurveda. Known as Ashwagandha in Ayurveda, Withania somnifera is a critical ingredient in various Ayurvedic tonics and tinctures prepared as a traditional remedy for the treatment of various ailments.<\/p>\r\n
Recently identified as a potent adaptogenic and target for therapeutic applications, Ashwaghanda has been the subject of numerous animal, pre-clinical, and clinical trials designed to examine its potential effects as an antioxidant, anti-carcinogenic, anxiolytic, antibacterial, antifungal, and immonumodulating compound. Ashwaghanda’s broad therapeutic potential is hypothesized to be the result of its robust phytochemical profile, including a wide swath of alkaloids, sitoindosides, and the highly biologically active withanolide group. As the principally biologically active compounds within Ashwaghanda, withanolides such as withanone, withaferine A, withanolides A, D, and G have been identified, isolated, and extensively studied in the various applications noted above.<\/p>\r\n
In recognition of the potential physiological benefits of withanolides, Core Nutritionals selected KSM-66® to include in its HARD formula. KSM-66® is a full-spectrum Ashwaghanda extract, standardized for 5% withanolides – meaning that KSM-66® not only includes the full range of biologically active compounds within Ashwaghanda, but also that it contains the highest currently available concentration of the principally active withanolides (5%).<\/p>\r\n
The high concentrations of withanolides within KSM-66® has resulted in encouraging results in a number of human, clinical trials – particularly considering many of these trials were conducted using the methodological gold standard of randomization, double-blind delivery, and placebo control. Amongst the most impressive results contained in these trials:<\/p>\r\n
A 27.9% reduction in serum cortisol levels, measured over 60 days in a trial featuring 64 chronically stressed adults.
Statistically significant increases to endurance and stamina, as measured by VO2 max, in a clinical trial featuring 50 healthy, exercise-trained adults.
Increased measures of well-being as reported by self-assessment scales, included in both the clinical trials mentioned above.
Statistically significant increases in serum testosterone levels in a clinical trial featuring 68 infertile men.
Though each of these results is impressive, perhaps the most significant is the 27.9% reduction in cortisol seen in the 60 day trial. As detailed above, cortisol possesses a multitude of potentially degradative physiological effects, including: inhibiting glucose uptake, causing a constriction of the vasculature (vasoconstriction), the breakdown of glycogen, and inarguably the result most would desire to avoid, proteolysis (the breakdown of muscle tissue).<\/p>\r\n
To put it the simplest way possible, cortisol’s chief functions involve either turning on, or shutting off, the very things we as fitness enthusiasts want to avoid or turn on, respectively!<\/p>\r\n
Garcinia cambogia fruit extract (50% hydroxycitric acid):<\/p>\r\n
Garcinia cambogia, more commonly known under a variety of names, including the tamarind, is a small tropical fruit endemic to Indonesia. This plant has come under increased media attention over the past few years, due largely to the purported effects of its principal constituent, hyrdoxycitric acid, or HCA.<\/p>\r\n
HCA itself is a derivative of citric acid, and competitively inhibits the enzyme adenosine triphosphatase-citrate-lyase. This enzyme is an extra-mitochondrial enzyme (meaning it sits outside the mitochondria) chiefly responsible for a process known as de novo lipogenesis – or the production of fatty acids from glucose.<\/p>\r\n
Green coffee extract (50% chlorogenic acid):<\/p>\r\n
Chlorogenic acids are phenolic compounds created during the metabolism of various isoquinic acids found in the leaves of both coffee and tea. In addition to the well-established sympathomimetic effects of coffee and tea’s constituents, recent research has demonstrated a range of other potential benefits for compounds such as chlorogenic acids.<\/p>\r\n
Recent literature suggests that the consumption of both green coffee, as well as standardized extracts of CGAs, relax the vasculature and improve vasoreactivity, impose an inhibitory effect on lipid accumulation and body weight in both mice and humans, and modulate glucose metabolism via the glucose-6-phosphate pathway.<\/p>\r\n
Trials in both humans and mice using 1% extracts of green coffee bean revealed significant bodyweight reductions over periods of two and eight weeks. Researchers hypothesized that the bodyweight reductions associated with oral CGA administration was associated with the product’s numerous mechanisms of action, rather than a single, isolated cause.<\/p>\r\n
Yerba Mate Extract 4:1 (Ilex paraguariensis)(leaf)<\/p>\r\n
Yerba Mate, otherwise known by its scientific name Ilex Paraguariensis, is a flowering tree with leaves rich in polyphenols, saponins and xanthines. The metabolic effectiveness of Yerba Mate has been studies on both fatty acid oxidation (FAO) as well as energy expenditure derived FAO (EEFAO). A recent study showed that supplementing Yerba Mate paired with sub-maximal exercise increased fat utilization by 23%. Another study concluded that Yerba Mate increase FAO and EEFAO by 24% in exercise intensities below 70% and even more profound FAO when exercising below 50% of exercise intensity.<\/p>\r\n
Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine) and Theobromine (3,7-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione):<\/p>\r\n
Caffeine is the most widely consumed, and perhaps one of the most reviewed, psychoactive compounds. Its physiological effects in a range of areas have been well-documented, including exercise performance, information processing, alertness and mood enhancement, attention, and awareness, along with its anti-lipogenic and lipolytic abilities. Caffeine is also the most well-known in the methylxanthine compound class, the constituents of which inter-metabolize into one another in the human body and largely share similar effects.<\/p>\r\n
Various clinical trials have demonstrated that xanthines – including caffeine and theobromine – exert potent lipolytic (the breakdown of fat tissue into fatty acids) and oxidative (the actual ‘burning’ of fat) actions as sympathomimetic amines. In less scientifically-complex parlance, this means caffeine is forcing your body to preferentially use fat tissue as a fuel source for the oxidative provision of ATP (your body’s energy currency).<\/p>\r\n
Evidence for caffeine’s capacity as a lipolytic is widely available. In a clinical study featuring four separate trials in both normal and obese subjects, for example, caffeine was found to significantly increase fatty acid metabolism (as measured by serum fatty acid concentration), resting metabolic rate, and total fat oxidation – suggesting the preferential substrate selection spoken about above occurs in both normal and obese individuals. Other trials have demonstrated the effects of methylxanthines on total fat mass (reduction), lean body mass (increases), stamina and endurance, as well as cardiovascular capacity.<\/p>\r\n
Additionally, as selective cAMP potentiators, through the beta-adrenergic pathway, caffeine and theobromine have been hypothesized to exert a synergistic effect on lipolysis when combined with forskolin.<\/p>\r\n
Bacopa monnieri (50% bacosides):<\/p>\r\n
Bacopa monnieri, also known as the water hyssop commonly, or as Brahmi in Ayurvedic texts, is a small creeping herb endemic to sub-tropical India. The herb has been used in traditional Indian medicine for well over one thousand years, with its first recorded usage coming in the 6th century A.D. In this traditional context, BM has been used for a wide-range of purposes, including as a treatment of asthma and epilepsy.<\/p>\r\n
More recently, BM has been the subject of numerous cognition and memory trials, as the plant has a well-established nootropic effect. Likely through modulation of the serotonin reuptake system, clinical trials in healthy humans have demonstrated that BM possesses a significant effect on the retention of newly-learned information. In several trials utilizing a 300mg daily serving, BM was also shown to decrease the recall delay of newly learned information and reduce short term forgetfulness – suggesting that the herb’s effect on the serotonic and cholinergic systems are increasing the encoding (the literal storing) of memory information.<\/p>\r\n
Beyond cognition and memory encoding, BM has also been demonstrated to function as a potent adaptogen and relaxant – which in the Core BURN Ultra formula may help to smooth the effect curve of the product’s stimulants, reducing jitteriness or, “crash.”<\/p>\r\n
Züm-XR ® XR Caffeine (provides 50mg caffeine):<\/p>\r\n
Züm-XR is a patented coating technology that allows the dissolution profile of certain ingredients, primarily caffeine, to have a longer lasting affect in blood serum levels. The release of those ingredients is initiated by an abrasion in the stomach and pH levels between the stomach and the upper gastrointestinal tract. The coating of the microbead technology is a patented timing system with pharmaceutical grade safe polymers. Comparatively speaking, the dissolution profile of Züm-XR caffeine to your typical immediate release caffeine showed that Züm-XR took a far greater amount of time, well over 120 minutes to complete the process of dissolution.<\/p>\r\n
Saffron Extract (stigma) (Crocus sativus L.) (SaffSerene ™):<\/p>\r\n
SaffSerene ™ patented Saffron is a deviate from non-GMO saffron flowers source from Turkey and Morocco. This particular Saffron extract contains 2% safronal, crocin, and pirocrocin as primary active constituents. Saffron has been used in ancient folk medicine as a sedative, antidepressant, etc. A randomized double-blind placebo controlled trial conducted in 2005 between 30 female and male testers suggested that a moderate and consistent dose of saffron significantly benefited mood after 6 weeks. Furthermore, a pilot trial conducted in 2004 evaluated the effectiveness of Saffron comparatively to Fluoxetine. In a minimal dose of 15mg daily, the consistency of saffron compared to fluoxetine was overwhelmingly positive in regards to alleviating acute depression and anxiety. In addition it has been suggested that crocin and safranal inhibit repute of dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin levels.<\/p>\r\n
<\/p>\r\n
<\/p>\r\n
<\/p>\r\n
*These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.<\/span><\/p>","gtin12":"658580071486","image":["https:\/\/siteimgs.com\/10017\/item\/core-products-apple-guava_1680373872-0.jpg"],"brand":"Core Nutritionals","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/32985\/core-nutritionals-burn-apple-guava-50-servings.htm","offers":{"@type":"Offer","priceCurrency":"USD","price":"49.99","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/32985\/core-nutritionals-burn-apple-guava-50-servings.htm","itemCondition":"http:\/\/schema.org\/NewCondition","availability":"http:\/\/schema.org\/InStock"}},{"@type":"Product","name":"Core Nutritionals BURN Sour Apple - 50 Servings","sku":"CU354","description":" Extreme Thermogenic Powder<\/p>\r\n Zum XR® - Delayed release caffeine for sustained energy Core BURN is a comprehensive weight management supplement and appetite suppressants<\/p>\r\n 1 scoops per serving. A complete formula, BURN is simply the modern evolution in weight loss supplements. With every facet of weight loss covered, BURN is the perfect companion to your diet and exercise regimen.<\/p>\r\n Acetyl-l-Carnitine:<\/p>\r\n L-carnitine is a derivative of the amino acid lysine and, as certain conditions outpace the body’s ability to produce it, l-carnitine is considered a conditionally essential amino acid. While endogenous biosynthesis of l-carnitine from the amino acids lysine and methionine is sufficient for essential processes – along with dietary sources of carnitine from protein-rich red meat, for example – dietary supplementation of carnitine may pose benefits in certain physiological conditions.<\/p>\r\n Unfortunately, due to excess metabolism of l-carnitine by microorganisms in the small intestine, exogenous supplementation with oral l-carnitine has proved ineffective. ALCAR, an acetylated version of l-carnitine, has considerably higher oral bioavailability, due likely to only partial hydrolytic metabolism. Once in the bloodstream, ALCAR plays a fundamental role in the production of energy, acting as the catalyst for the beta-oxidation of long chain fatty acids by the mitochondria; regulating the CoA to Acyl-CoA ratio (necessary for the production of ATP); and the metabolism of carbohydrates. ALCAR also is an excitatory agent for neurons, increases neuronal transmission, and increases the production of neurotransmitters and neurohormones such as dopamine and serotonin.<\/p>\r\n KSM-66® Full-spectrum Ashwagandha root extract (5% Withanolides)<\/p>\r\n Withania somnifera Dunal, colloquially known as Winter Cherry or Indian Ginseng, is an herb that features prominently in the traditional Indian medicinal system of Ayurveda. Known as Ashwagandha in Ayurveda, Withania somnifera is a critical ingredient in various Ayurvedic tonics and tinctures prepared as a traditional remedy for the treatment of various ailments.<\/p>\r\n Recently identified as a potent adaptogenic and target for therapeutic applications, Ashwaghanda has been the subject of numerous animal, pre-clinical, and clinical trials designed to examine its potential effects as an antioxidant, anti-carcinogenic, anxiolytic, antibacterial, antifungal, and immonumodulating compound. Ashwaghanda’s broad therapeutic potential is hypothesized to be the result of its robust phytochemical profile, including a wide swath of alkaloids, sitoindosides, and the highly biologically active withanolide group. As the principally biologically active compounds within Ashwaghanda, withanolides such as withanone, withaferine A, withanolides A, D, and G have been identified, isolated, and extensively studied in the various applications noted above.<\/p>\r\n In recognition of the potential physiological benefits of withanolides, Core Nutritionals selected KSM-66® to include in its HARD formula. KSM-66® is a full-spectrum Ashwaghanda extract, standardized for 5% withanolides – meaning that KSM-66® not only includes the full range of biologically active compounds within Ashwaghanda, but also that it contains the highest currently available concentration of the principally active withanolides (5%).<\/p>\r\n The high concentrations of withanolides within KSM-66® has resulted in encouraging results in a number of human, clinical trials – particularly considering many of these trials were conducted using the methodological gold standard of randomization, double-blind delivery, and placebo control. Amongst the most impressive results contained in these trials:<\/p>\r\n A 27.9% reduction in serum cortisol levels, measured over 60 days in a trial featuring 64 chronically stressed adults. To put it the simplest way possible, cortisol’s chief functions involve either turning on, or shutting off, the very things we as fitness enthusiasts want to avoid or turn on, respectively!<\/p>\r\n Garcinia cambogia fruit extract (50% hydroxycitric acid):<\/p>\r\n Garcinia cambogia, more commonly known under a variety of names, including the tamarind, is a small tropical fruit endemic to Indonesia. This plant has come under increased media attention over the past few years, due largely to the purported effects of its principal constituent, hyrdoxycitric acid, or HCA.<\/p>\r\n HCA itself is a derivative of citric acid, and competitively inhibits the enzyme adenosine triphosphatase-citrate-lyase. This enzyme is an extra-mitochondrial enzyme (meaning it sits outside the mitochondria) chiefly responsible for a process known as de novo lipogenesis – or the production of fatty acids from glucose.<\/p>\r\n Green coffee extract (50% chlorogenic acid):<\/p>\r\n Chlorogenic acids are phenolic compounds created during the metabolism of various isoquinic acids found in the leaves of both coffee and tea. In addition to the well-established sympathomimetic effects of coffee and tea’s constituents, recent research has demonstrated a range of other potential benefits for compounds such as chlorogenic acids.<\/p>\r\n Recent literature suggests that the consumption of both green coffee, as well as standardized extracts of CGAs, relax the vasculature and improve vasoreactivity, impose an inhibitory effect on lipid accumulation and body weight in both mice and humans, and modulate glucose metabolism via the glucose-6-phosphate pathway.<\/p>\r\n Trials in both humans and mice using 1% extracts of green coffee bean revealed significant bodyweight reductions over periods of two and eight weeks. Researchers hypothesized that the bodyweight reductions associated with oral CGA administration was associated with the product’s numerous mechanisms of action, rather than a single, isolated cause.<\/p>\r\n Yerba Mate Extract 4:1 (Ilex paraguariensis)(leaf)<\/p>\r\n Yerba Mate, otherwise known by its scientific name Ilex Paraguariensis, is a flowering tree with leaves rich in polyphenols, saponins and xanthines. The metabolic effectiveness of Yerba Mate has been studies on both fatty acid oxidation (FAO) as well as energy expenditure derived FAO (EEFAO). A recent study showed that supplementing Yerba Mate paired with sub-maximal exercise increased fat utilization by 23%. Another study concluded that Yerba Mate increase FAO and EEFAO by 24% in exercise intensities below 70% and even more profound FAO when exercising below 50% of exercise intensity.<\/p>\r\n Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine) and Theobromine (3,7-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione):<\/p>\r\n Caffeine is the most widely consumed, and perhaps one of the most reviewed, psychoactive compounds. Its physiological effects in a range of areas have been well-documented, including exercise performance, information processing, alertness and mood enhancement, attention, and awareness, along with its anti-lipogenic and lipolytic abilities. Caffeine is also the most well-known in the methylxanthine compound class, the constituents of which inter-metabolize into one another in the human body and largely share similar effects.<\/p>\r\n Various clinical trials have demonstrated that xanthines – including caffeine and theobromine – exert potent lipolytic (the breakdown of fat tissue into fatty acids) and oxidative (the actual ‘burning’ of fat) actions as sympathomimetic amines. In less scientifically-complex parlance, this means caffeine is forcing your body to preferentially use fat tissue as a fuel source for the oxidative provision of ATP (your body’s energy currency).<\/p>\r\n Evidence for caffeine’s capacity as a lipolytic is widely available. In a clinical study featuring four separate trials in both normal and obese subjects, for example, caffeine was found to significantly increase fatty acid metabolism (as measured by serum fatty acid concentration), resting metabolic rate, and total fat oxidation – suggesting the preferential substrate selection spoken about above occurs in both normal and obese individuals. Other trials have demonstrated the effects of methylxanthines on total fat mass (reduction), lean body mass (increases), stamina and endurance, as well as cardiovascular capacity.<\/p>\r\n Additionally, as selective cAMP potentiators, through the beta-adrenergic pathway, caffeine and theobromine have been hypothesized to exert a synergistic effect on lipolysis when combined with forskolin.<\/p>\r\n Bacopa monnieri (50% bacosides):<\/p>\r\n Bacopa monnieri, also known as the water hyssop commonly, or as Brahmi in Ayurvedic texts, is a small creeping herb endemic to sub-tropical India. The herb has been used in traditional Indian medicine for well over one thousand years, with its first recorded usage coming in the 6th century A.D. In this traditional context, BM has been used for a wide-range of purposes, including as a treatment of asthma and epilepsy.<\/p>\r\n More recently, BM has been the subject of numerous cognition and memory trials, as the plant has a well-established nootropic effect. Likely through modulation of the serotonin reuptake system, clinical trials in healthy humans have demonstrated that BM possesses a significant effect on the retention of newly-learned information. In several trials utilizing a 300mg daily serving, BM was also shown to decrease the recall delay of newly learned information and reduce short term forgetfulness – suggesting that the herb’s effect on the serotonic and cholinergic systems are increasing the encoding (the literal storing) of memory information.<\/p>\r\n Beyond cognition and memory encoding, BM has also been demonstrated to function as a potent adaptogen and relaxant – which in the Core BURN Ultra formula may help to smooth the effect curve of the product’s stimulants, reducing jitteriness or, “crash.”<\/p>\r\n Züm-XR ® XR Caffeine (provides 50mg caffeine):<\/p>\r\n Züm-XR is a patented coating technology that allows the dissolution profile of certain ingredients, primarily caffeine, to have a longer lasting affect in blood serum levels. The release of those ingredients is initiated by an abrasion in the stomach and pH levels between the stomach and the upper gastrointestinal tract. The coating of the microbead technology is a patented timing system with pharmaceutical grade safe polymers. Comparatively speaking, the dissolution profile of Züm-XR caffeine to your typical immediate release caffeine showed that Züm-XR took a far greater amount of time, well over 120 minutes to complete the process of dissolution.<\/p>\r\n Saffron Extract (stigma) (Crocus sativus L.) (SaffSerene ™):<\/p>\r\n SaffSerene ™ patented Saffron is a deviate from non-GMO saffron flowers source from Turkey and Morocco. This particular Saffron extract contains 2% safronal, crocin, and pirocrocin as primary active constituents. Saffron has been used in ancient folk medicine as a sedative, antidepressant, etc. A randomized double-blind placebo controlled trial conducted in 2005 between 30 female and male testers suggested that a moderate and consistent dose of saffron significantly benefited mood after 6 weeks. Furthermore, a pilot trial conducted in 2004 evaluated the effectiveness of Saffron comparatively to Fluoxetine. In a minimal dose of 15mg daily, the consistency of saffron compared to fluoxetine was overwhelmingly positive in regards to alleviating acute depression and anxiety. In addition it has been suggested that crocin and safranal inhibit repute of dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin levels.<\/p>\r\n <\/p>\r\n <\/p>\r\n *These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.<\/span><\/p>","gtin12":"658580071516","image":["https:\/\/siteimgs.com\/10017\/item\/core-products-sour-candy_1680370632-0.jpg"],"brand":"Core Nutritionals","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/32984\/core-nutritionals-burn-sour-apple-50-servings.htm","offers":{"@type":"Offer","priceCurrency":"USD","price":"49.99","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/32984\/core-nutritionals-burn-sour-apple-50-servings.htm","itemCondition":"http:\/\/schema.org\/NewCondition","availability":"http:\/\/schema.org\/InStock"}},{"@type":"Product","name":"Core Nutritionals Collagen Peach Mango - 1 Lb","sku":"CU333","description":" JOINTS\/HAIR, SKIN, NAILS\/BONES<\/p>\r\n Collagen is by far the most plentiful protein found in the human body. It makes up the body’s skeletal framework, as well as provides integrity to ligaments, tendons, and other connective tissues found inside the body. It is also a primary component of healthy hair, skin, nails, as well as other important structures of the body. Collagen supplements have become increasingly popular as of late, but most people do not know that the type of collagen matters just as much as the quality of the source. Core has combined Collagen Types I and III from high quality bovine hide that works to provide strength for structures such as skin, tendons, bones, connective tissues, teeth, muscles, organs, and arteries.<\/p>\r\n Collagen and its many types are by far the most plentiful protein found in the human body. It makes up the body’s skeletal framework as well as provides integrity to ligaments, tendons, and other connective tissues found inside the body. It is also a primary component of healthy hair, skin, nails, as well as other important structures of the body. Collagen supplementation has become increasingly popular, especially for its cosmetic benefits. When it comes to your skin, as the largest organ in the body, it relies very heavily on the presence of collagen (skin is roughly 70% collagen protein). As we age, natural collagen production begins to slow, and we have to rely on dietary sources to keep collagen levels up. Foods like chicken, bone broth, fish, citrus fruits, berries, garlic, and leafy greens contain nutrients that can stimulate natural collagen formation, but supplementing with collagen protein (and its specific types) can also be crucially beneficial.<\/p>\r\n Type I specifically benefits your skin health. One randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial confirmed that skin aging can be addressed using nutrients, such as collagen, that are able to promote skin health. Results showed that after three months of oral intake, skin hydration, elasticity, roughness, and density all showed significant improvements. Also, since the nutrients were taken orally, a deeper dermatological activation was achieved, which can equate to a longer lasting regeneration of skin.<\/p>\r\n Type III collagen on the other hand is found in the walls of arteries and organs such as the esophagus, spleen, pancreas, and gallbladder. It can also be found in some muscle fibers. As with the skin, as we age, the structural integrity of tissues can begin to degenerate. Supplementation can provide an extra backbone of support when adequate nutrients are not being taken in to aid in supporting an optimally functioning digestive system.<\/p>\r\n Collagen protein can also be a great protein type for those who do not digest other protein powders very well. It is well tolerated by most consumers and offers another high-quality source of protein that can ultimately increase the function of digestive organs that work to break down and absorb other whole food sources and proteins. As a result, collagen protein can arguably be seen as one of the most beneficial types of protein one can consume.<\/p>\r\n <\/p>\r\n JOINTS\/HAIR, SKIN, NAILS\/BONES<\/p>\r\n Collagen is by far the most plentiful protein found in the human body. It makes up the body’s skeletal framework, as well as provides integrity to ligaments, tendons, and other connective tissues found inside the body. It is also a primary component of healthy hair, skin, nails, as well as other important structures of the body. Collagen supplements have become increasingly popular as of late, but most people do not know that the type of collagen matters just as much as the quality of the source. Core has combined Collagen Types I and III from high quality bovine hide that works to provide strength for structures such as skin, tendons, bones, connective tissues, teeth, muscles, organs, and arteries.<\/p>\r\n Collagen and its many types are by far the most plentiful protein found in the human body. It makes up the body’s skeletal framework as well as provides integrity to ligaments, tendons, and other connective tissues found inside the body. It is also a primary component of healthy hair, skin, nails, as well as other important structures of the body. Collagen supplementation has become increasingly popular, especially for its cosmetic benefits. When it comes to your skin, as the largest organ in the body, it relies very heavily on the presence of collagen (skin is roughly 70% collagen protein). As we age, natural collagen production begins to slow, and we have to rely on dietary sources to keep collagen levels up. Foods like chicken, bone broth, fish, citrus fruits, berries, garlic, and leafy greens contain nutrients that can stimulate natural collagen formation, but supplementing with collagen protein (and its specific types) can also be crucially beneficial.<\/p>\r\n Type I specifically benefits your skin health. One randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial confirmed that skin aging can be addressed using nutrients, such as collagen, that are able to promote skin health. Results showed that after three months of oral intake, skin hydration, elasticity, roughness, and density all showed significant improvements. Also, since the nutrients were taken orally, a deeper dermatological activation was achieved, which can equate to a longer lasting regeneration of skin.<\/p>\r\n Type III collagen on the other hand is found in the walls of arteries and organs such as the esophagus, spleen, pancreas, and gallbladder. It can also be found in some muscle fibers. As with the skin, as we age, the structural integrity of tissues can begin to degenerate. Supplementation can provide an extra backbone of support when adequate nutrients are not being taken in to aid in supporting an optimally functioning digestive system.<\/p>\r\n Collagen protein can also be a great protein type for those who do not digest other protein powders very well. It is well tolerated by most consumers and offers another high-quality source of protein that can ultimately increase the function of digestive organs that work to break down and absorb other whole food sources and proteins. As a result, collagen protein can arguably be seen as one of the most beneficial types of protein one can consume.<\/p>\r\n <\/p>\r\n JOINTS\/HAIR, SKIN, NAILS\/BONES<\/p>\r\n Collagen is by far the most plentiful protein found in the human body. It makes up the body’s skeletal framework, as well as provides integrity to ligaments, tendons, and other connective tissues found inside the body. It is also a primary component of healthy hair, skin, nails, as well as other important structures of the body. Collagen supplements have become increasingly popular as of late, but most people do not know that the type of collagen matters just as much as the quality of the source. Core has combined Collagen Types I and III from high quality bovine hide that works to provide strength for structures such as skin, tendons, bones, connective tissues, teeth, muscles, organs, and arteries.<\/p>\r\n Collagen and its many types are by far the most plentiful protein found in the human body. It makes up the body’s skeletal framework as well as provides integrity to ligaments, tendons, and other connective tissues found inside the body. It is also a primary component of healthy hair, skin, nails, as well as other important structures of the body. Collagen supplementation has become increasingly popular, especially for its cosmetic benefits. When it comes to your skin, as the largest organ in the body, it relies very heavily on the presence of collagen (skin is roughly 70% collagen protein). As we age, natural collagen production begins to slow, and we have to rely on dietary sources to keep collagen levels up. Foods like chicken, bone broth, fish, citrus fruits, berries, garlic, and leafy greens contain nutrients that can stimulate natural collagen formation, but supplementing with collagen protein (and its specific types) can also be crucially beneficial.<\/p>\r\n Type I specifically benefits your skin health. One randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial confirmed that skin aging can be addressed using nutrients, such as collagen, that are able to promote skin health. Results showed that after three months of oral intake, skin hydration, elasticity, roughness, and density all showed significant improvements. Also, since the nutrients were taken orally, a deeper dermatological activation was achieved, which can equate to a longer lasting regeneration of skin.<\/p>\r\n Type III collagen on the other hand is found in the walls of arteries and organs such as the esophagus, spleen, pancreas, and gallbladder. It can also be found in some muscle fibers. As with the skin, as we age, the structural integrity of tissues can begin to degenerate. Supplementation can provide an extra backbone of support when adequate nutrients are not being taken in to aid in supporting an optimally functioning digestive system.<\/p>\r\n Collagen protein can also be a great protein type for those who do not digest other protein powders very well. It is well tolerated by most consumers and offers another high-quality source of protein that can ultimately increase the function of digestive organs that work to break down and absorb other whole food sources and proteins. As a result, collagen protein can arguably be seen as one of the most beneficial types of protein one can consume.<\/p>\r\n <\/p>\r\n Most bodybuilders and fitness enthusiasts completely overlook their skin when considering dietary and fitness supplementation, despite it being the largest organs in the human body. Likewise, both hair and nails also fail to receive much attention in this area. While many may point to hair, skin and nails as an aesthetic issue that has nothing to do with your overall health, this is not the case. All three are major indicators of internal homeostasis and overall health, while providing key protection to sensitive areas of your body.<\/p>\r\n Without additional nutritional supplementation, our hair, skin and nails inevitably suffer from the natural aging process and environmental damage. As we age, our body gradually loses its ability to produce or absorb key vitamins and nutrients as well as efficiently produce collagen, reducing the firmness of our skin and leading to wrinkles. Meanwhile, we also subject our bodies to a variety of environmental toxins and damaging UV radiation, all of which causes serious damage.<\/p>\r\n HAIR, SKIN and NAILS addresses these often overlooked but important bodily components with a wide array of ingredients formulated to boost collagen synthesis, improve skin hydration, reduce wrinkles and fine lines, strengthen hair, reduce oxidative stress and support cellular and tissue health. Look your best on the outside while feeling your best on the inside with Core Lifeline HAIR, SKIN and NAILS!<\/p>\r\n <\/p>\r\n BUILD \/ DEVELOP \/ EVOLVE<\/P> Creatine monohydrate has been shown to:<\/P> Increase muscle mass\/size (when used in conjunction with a resistance training program). With that said, much hoopla has arisen over the past few years regarding how to take creatine, when to take creatine, which form is the best, and so on. We have simplified that for you, and provided you the best, highest purity creatine monohydrate on the market at a competitive price \u2013 unbeatable, we\u2019d say!<\/P> Science<\/P> Serving Size: 1 scoop (5000mg) Servings Per Container: 80<\/SPAN><\/STRONG><\/P> \u2020 <\/SPAN>Daily value not established.<\/SPAN><\/STRONG><\/P><\/DIV>","gtin12":"850757001368","image":["https:\/\/siteimgs.com\/10017\/item\/creatine-2020-core_1607611859-0.jpg"],"brand":"Core Nutritionals","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/16982\/core-nutritionals-bcaa-400-grams.htm","offers":{"@type":"Offer","priceCurrency":"USD","price":"39.99","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/16982\/core-nutritionals-bcaa-400-grams.htm","itemCondition":"http:\/\/schema.org\/NewCondition","availability":"http:\/\/schema.org\/InStock"}},{"@type":"Product","name":"Core Nutritionals FLEX - 240 Tablets","sku":"CU136","description":" Core FLEX<\/SPAN><\/P> Comprehensive Joint Formula Core FLEX is an ultra-potent combination of 11 clinical ingredients, crafted to ensure the maintenance of strong and healthy tendons and ligaments. Best of all, its all-in-one blend combines the efficacy of single ingredient products, with the synergy of an entire joint product lineup.<\/SPAN><\/P> 8 tablets per serving. We\u2019ve all been there. You have a bit of cashed saved up, and a hard choice to make: do you buy the new, shiny toy, or fix that sort of irritating sound your engine is making? I mean, sure, maybe the engine breaks down, but that\u2019s only a possibility \u2013 you will most certainly enjoy that new toy! Am I right?<\/SPAN><\/P> Wrong. Just like a vehicle, our bodies are exposed to the constant wear and tear of demanding daily use, a fact especially true of athletes. As we put more and more weight on the bar, run faster and further, and push our bodies to the limit, our joints, tendons, and ligaments require regular maintenance to keep them in optimal health. We need to fix that sort of irritating sound our engine is making, in other words.<\/SPAN><\/P> Core FLEX provides a superior way to do so. Core FLEX is an ultra-potent combination of 11 ingredients, verified by clinical research and included in clinical serving sizes, crafted to ensure the maintenance of strong and healthy tendons and ligaments. Best of all, Core FLEX\u2019s all-in-one blend combines the efficacy of single ingredient products, with the synergy of an entire joint product lineup.<\/SPAN><\/P> Physiological Properties and Effects:<\/SPAN><\/P> Chondroitin and Glucosamine:<\/SPAN><\/P> Chondroitin and Glucosamine are substances found naturally in the body, and in particular, in and around the cartilage and other connective tissues.Glucosamine falls within a class of compounds known as amino sugar, and is a precursor to a molecule called glycosaminoglycan. The human body produces and distributes both of these compounds as critical components in the production of cartilage and other connective tissue . It also aids in lubricating and providing thickness to the cartilage around damaged joints. Chondroitin sulfate is a type of glycosaminoglycan and complex carbohydrate rich in sulfur, and is a relative of glucosamine. Chondroitin is one of the major constituents of cartilage, not only providing structure and stability, but also water for the purpose of lubrication.<\/SPAN><\/P> Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM):<\/SPAN><\/P> MSM is a naturally occurring, organosulfur molecule that can be synthesized both naturally and synthetically from DSMO. While the majority of MSM present in the human body is ingested \u2013 either deliberately or accidentally \u2013 the compound does have a natural presence in certain tissues and fluids in the body, including cerebrospinal fluid. MSM appears to assist healthy biochemical communication between cells that may assist joint flexibility and mobility. While still emerging, certain data on MSM appears to show a promising role for the compound in the maintenance of proper joint function. Several studies demonstrate joint function increases on the WOMAC scale ranging from 20-35%, while animal data suggests equally significant results. Though not every trial on MSM reveals such significant results, a meta-analysis conducted in 2011 found that the overwhelming majority of clinical MSM trials featured function improvements over placebo.<\/SPAN><\/P> Cissus quadrangularis:<\/SPAN><\/P> Cissus quadrangularis (CQ) is a plant with a long history of use in traditional and folk medicinal systems, including thousands of years of documented use in the Siddha and Ayurvedic traditions. While the specific use of Cissus in these systems varied, the most common traditional preparations related to analgesia, general tonics, and bone fracture healing. More recent research has developed physiological explanations for CQ\u2019s traditional efficacy, including the reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines, modulation of the glucocorticoid system (in animal trials), and the proliferation of osteoblast (bone-forming cell) DNA.<\/SPAN><\/P> Specific to bone formation, there is strong data to suggest that CQ increases the accumulation of compounds known as mucopolysaccharides \u2013 long chain sugar molecules that precede mineralization in the process of bone formation. Think of these compounds sort of like the wet newspaper before it becomes paper mache. As stated, separate research also suggests that extracts of CQ stimulated osteoblastogenesis, the process of forming bone cells.<\/SPAN><\/P> Black cherry extract:<\/SPAN><\/P> Black cherry extract contains a number of beneficial compounds, including high levels of anthocyanin \u2013 an extremely potent anti-inflammatory compound which some animal evidence has shown plays a role in the maintenance of articular jointsIt is rich in antioxidants and catechins, chlorogenic acid, and flavonal glycoside, and has been used to support healthy uric acid levels typically associated with complete joint health.<\/SPAN><\/P> Turmeric (95% curcumin):<\/SPAN><\/P> Tumeric is a root endemic to certain regions of Southeast Asia and India, and has been a staple in the Siddha traditional medicinal system for thousands of years. Tumeric is noted in Siddha texts for various uses, including as an ancient equivalent of an anti-microbial agent.<\/SPAN><\/P> More recently, numerous studies seem to suggest that its primary bioactive constituent, curcumin, powerfully inhibits the enzymes that synthesize inflammatory compounds such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes. In particular, basic research and molecular studies have now firmly established curcumin\u2019s ability to dose-dependently and potently inhibit a transcription factor known as NF\u2013kB \u2013 a molecule involved in the proliferation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, soft tissue destruction, and autoimmune responses.<\/SPAN><\/P> Though Tumeric contains approximately 5% curcumin by weight, we have used a highly standardized extract of 95% - recognizing that the wealth of research on curcumin demands that it be included in clinical serving sizes.<\/SPAN><\/P> Boswellia (37.5% boswellic acids):<\/SPAN><\/P> Boswellia is a tree resin extract that is a traditional part of Indian medicine. In modern clinical trials the active agenct, boswellic acid, has been found to inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory leukotrienes. Similarly to curcumin, boswellic acids have demonstrated a significant attenuation of NF-kB production in various animal and in vitro assays.<\/SPAN><\/P> Bromelain (2400GDU\/g):<\/SPAN><\/P> Bromelain is a collection of protein-digesting enzymes found in pineapple juice and in the stem of pineapple plants. It has been shown to have a myriad of health benefits including speed of recovery, antioxidant properties, and assisting cardiovascular and circulatory health. The mechanism of the anti-inflammatory activity is not very well understood, but like curcumin and boswellia it appears to support inflammatory marker balance. Numerous studies have shown bromelain\u2019s ability to assist and speed recovery time following various health related procedures.<\/SPAN><\/P> Vitamin C:<\/SPAN><\/P> Vitamin C is not only a powerful antioxidant, but also supports a healthy immune system, protects cells from oxidized particles and free radicals, and assists other physiological functions. A major study by the University of California at Berkeley found that supplementing with 500 milligrams of Vitamin C (the daily serving contained in Core FLEX) led to a 24% reduction in levels of C-reactive protein, a consistent marker of inflammation. In conjunction with the other ingredients, it is important component of strong joints and overall health.<\/SPAN><\/P> Vitamin D3:<\/SPAN><\/P> Vitamin D3 is an essential hormone precursor that plays a vital role in many metabolic functions, including bone health, , immune and cardiovascular health, muscle protein synthesis, and weight management. Although some foods contain Vitamin D3, the human body generates most of its Vitamin D3 needs from the skin through regular exposure to sunlight. Healthy and normal Vitamin D3 levels are essential to maintaining numerous bodily processes, including regulating the pro-inflammatory responses of joints and connective tissues to damage.<\/SPAN><\/P> Piperine (95%):<\/SPAN><\/P> <\/p>\r\n Lemon Lime Sherbet Green Apple Raspberry Chews <\/p>\r\n Lemon Lime Sherbet Green Apple Raspberry Chews <\/p>\r\n Lemon Lime Sherbet Green Apple Raspberry Chews <\/p>\r\n Lemon Lime Sherbet Green Apple Raspberry Chews Next Generation PRE-WORKOUT<\/p>\r\n With every rep, every mile, every day spent at the gym, your body improves. You could say the latest iteration of our premiere pre-workout, Core FURY, has done the same - but you’d be wrong. This reformulation is more like a tsunami, where the only ingredients left standing in its wake were those with the strongest clinical foundations and indisputable efficacy. Those ingredients were then used as the base around which we built a disruptive, cutting-edge, and revolutionary new product. We’ve not only replaced the old with the new, but created innovative combinations never before seen in a pre-workout formula. In the process, we’ve created a worthy successor to a product known for redefining the category. With that, let us introduce you to FURY Version 2.<\/p>\r\n Core FURY Version 2 is a meticulously crafted combination of key ingredients created to boost athletic performance, hydration, mental clarity, and energy. For athletic performance, muscle pumps, and athletic performance, ingredients such as L-Citrulline, VasoDrive-AP®, Citrapeak®, and Senactiv™, among others, are included at or above serving sizes suggested by clinical research. These ingredients have repeatedly demonstrated improvements in blood flow, hydration, power output, VO2 max, and time to exhaustion. For cognitive capacity, clarity, and focus; L-Tyrosine, Alpha GPC 50%, Cocoabuterol®, and Pregnenolone are also included at, or above, serving sizes suggested by research. Studies using these ingredients have shown to increase working memory, enhance focus, and reduce cognitive fatigue.<\/p>\r\n Together, our performance, pump, hydration, focus and energy blends constitute the latest evolution of the pre-workout formula. Unsurprisingly, Core Nutritionals has, yet again, created a new standard in the entire category.<\/p>\r\n L-Citrulline<\/p>\r\n Citrulline is a non-essential, non-protein amino acid that forms during the urea cycle and forms ornithine when combined with carbon dioxide. Citrulline is also a critical source of endogenous (natural) arginine, as it is rapidly and efficiently converted to arginine in the vascular endothelium and other tissues.<\/p>\r\n Citrulline’s benefits have been shown to be greater than its parent compound. While arginine undergoes direct hepatic (liver) metabolism through the enzyme arginase, citrulline bypasses hepatic metabolism entirely and it is delivered straight to the bloodstream. The result is that gut absorption and plasma (blood) bioavailability studies comparing citrulline and arginine have shown two things. First, that citrulline is less readily destroyed and has greater absorption than arginine. Second, that citrulline supplementation increases arginine levels more effectively than arginine supplementation itself.<\/p>\r\n VasoDrive-AP® is a proprietary ingredient derived from fermented casein. The fermentation process produces two lactotripeptides, Valyl-Prolyl-Proline (VPP) and Isoleucyl-Prolyl-Proline (IPP). Based on the available clinical evidence, these tri-peptides work together to reduce angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE).<\/p>\r\n <\/p>\r\n Citrapeak® (glucosyl hesperidin)<\/p>\r\n Citrapeak®, or glucosyl hesperidin, is a unique substance that contains all of the biological functions of standard hesperidin. Hesperidin is a flavonoid commonly found in citrus fruit peels. Some of these functions include increased vasodilation and increased pump factors. Citrapeak® offers these benefits with increased solubility and bioavailability, making it one of the most effective forms of hesperidin there is.<\/p>\r\n Carnosine is a bit of an odd duck: we know that it is crucial for muscle function, and that dietary sources of caronsine are essential, but we don’t know precisely how it’s working. Moreover, for decades, we had no idea how to increase intramuscular concentrations, as exogenous carnosine sources degraded in the body so fast as to be effectively useless.<\/p>\r\n <\/p>\r\n Betaine Anhydrous<\/p>\r\n Betaine (trimethyl glycine) is found naturally in most living organisms. It is well known to protect non-mammalian animal life in conditions of osmotic stress (a rapid change in the amount of solute surrounding a cell), in addition to functioning as an osmolyte in mammalian (including human) tissues. Betaine is formed in cells as an oxidation product of choline and can be obtained in the diet from foods such as spinach and beets.<\/p>\r\n Senactiv™ (Panax notoginseng (root) and Rosa roxburghii (fruit) extracts)<\/p>\r\n Senactiv®, derived from extracts of Panax notoginseng and Rosa roxburghii, has been shown to act in a few pathways to reenergize and rejuvenate cells within the body that take a beating on a daily basis. Ultimately this product falls within a category known as senolytics, or compounds that primarily work to induce cell death. This may not sound ideal as we need our cells to function, but the key is to ensure that these compounds are working on the right kinds of cells. The human body does contain many senescent cells, which are old cells and can be deteriorating. How these senolytics work to promote health is by speeding up the breakdown of these older cells as well as encouraging the grow of new, vibrant cells. The other benefit of Senactiv® and its ingredients is its ability to protect against muscle damage. Ginseng in particular has been shown to help reduce the proinflammatory state that is associated with rigorous training. Where this is going to benefit is to reduce inflammation and jumpstart the recovery process of torn down muscle fibers so these cells can begin to scar and grow stronger. The other benefit that ginseng has been able to show is it has been shown to improve VO2 mas by about 20% when compared to a control group in studies. This improvement can significantly improve oxygen uptake to increase delivery to muscle cells for the ability to push harder and longer.<\/p>\r\n Through traditionally referred to as an amino acid due to its chemical structure, taurine is not an amino acid in the sense that leucine, alanine, or glutamine are. Its chemical status aside, taurine is considered one of the body’s most essential chemical compounds, as cardiovascular function, muscle development and function, along with optical and nervous systems in the body depend on its abundance. While data on taurine typically occurs with taurine in supplement combinations (with caffeine and other amino acids), these data nevertheless suggest that dietary supplementation with taurine may have beneficial effects on mental focus and alertness and may assist during times of increased physical exertion.<\/p>\r\n Albion™ Potassium Glycinate Complex<\/p>\r\n Potassium, as sodium’s counterpart, acts as a critical electrolyte primarily by helping to maintain normal levels of fluids inside of our cells. Additionally, it helps muscles to contract and relax, aid in strong nerve function, as well as support normal blood pressure. It works very closely with sodium to create the membrane potential needed for the electrical currents that generate these functions to pass from one cell to the next. While the potassium levels in our body are regulated carefully, a diet lacking sufficient amounts of potassium (especially when combined with excess sodium) or one that contains too much potassium can eventually lead to certain types of dysfunctions and poor health status. When potassium levels in the body increase, the adrenal glands release the hormone aldosterone, which causes the kidneys to excrete excess potassium through the urine. When potassium levels are too low, aldosterone levels are suppressed, which can lead to conservation of potassium thus interfering with balance and negatively affecting transport channels that affect vital bodily functions. Potassium can be gotten from the diet in the form of fresh fruits and vegetables, such as sweet potatoes, beans, tomatoes, spinach and broccoli but supplementing can be an essential application as well to support an active lifestyle where excretion is higher than can be replenished through diet.<\/p>\r\n Sea Salt<\/p>\r\n Sodium is one of the most essential electrolytes for our body to utilize. As sodium is often found bound to chloride as sodium-chloride (salt), their function and benefits are going to be very similar in nature. Sodium helps to keep the water (mainly amount of fluid outside of the body’s cells) and electrolyte balance of the body, while also aiding in the contraction and relaxation of muscles as well as conducting nerve impulses. While only 500mg of sodium is needed per day for these functions to occur, we as active individuals need far more sodium in order to maintain these functions. We mostly lose sodium through sweat and urine, so the more active we are\/the more we sweat and the more we urinate, the more sodium is lost. Acquiring enough sodium through food and drink is crucial to establishing equilibrium again in order to maintain proper functioning and electrolyte balance within the body. The standard American diet is often overloaded with sodium and coupled with inactivity, which can lead to poor health and dysfunction. It is important to engage in physical activity of some kind most days and to eat a diet that is balanced in nutrients in order to maintain proper health.<\/p>\r\n L-Tyrosine<\/p>\r\n Tyrosine is amongst a class of amino acids known as ‘non-essential’ amino acids, so called because the body can produce them endogenously, and it is therefore not essential to consume dietary tyrosine. That said, tyrosine is also what is known as a conditionally-essential amino acid; conditionally-essential because, along with glucose and ammonia, the synthesis of tyrosine additionally requires adequate levels of phenylalanine. Once synthesized, tyrosine is one of the most critical amino acids, given its prominent role as a substrate in the synthesis of the catecholamines dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine, in addition to both T3 (triiodothyronine) and T4 (thyroxine) thyroid hormones.<\/p>\r\n <\/p>\r\n Alpha GPC 50%<\/p>\r\n Of the known choline pro-drugs or precursors, Alpha GPC appears to have exert the greatest influence on circulating choline levels. Choline is an essential nutrient involved in numerous metabolic pathways, including DNA regulation and repair, protein function, and metabolism. Perhaps most importantly, the critical neurotransmitter acetylcholine is produced directly from free choline via cholinergic neurons. Acetylcholine is then responsible for several functions itself, most crucially as the compound which induces muscular contraction, and as the neuromodulator partially responsible for modulating risk\/reward, arousal, and enhancing memory.<\/p>\r\n Cocoabuterol® Cocoa Extract<\/p>\r\n Cocoabuterol®, made up of the bioactive compounds found in cocoa, has been shown through studies and application to have beneficial factors on fat loss, muscle building, and insulin sensitivity. This ingredient exhibits a mechanism of action in the body to increase cAMP (cyclic adenosine monophosphate) levels, which acts as a second messenger and regulator of many movements exhibited by all three types of cells in the human body. In this context, fat (adipose) tissue epinephrine utilizes cAMP to increase to triglyceride hydrolysis and cardiac (heart) muscle epinephrine utilizes it to increase contraction rate. This action can have positive benefits on body composition and performance.<\/p>\r\n Caffeine citrate is not generally seen in the typical sports performance area. It is more commonly prescribed for premature infants for a short time for the treatment of apnea of prematurity. Apnea of prematurity occurs when a premature infant doesn’t breathe for 15-20 seconds during sleep. In addition to this caffeine citrate can at times be prescribed for migraines in some individuals.<\/p>\r\n Züm-XR is a patented coating technology that allows the dissolution profile of certain ingredients, primarily caffeine, to have a longer lasting effect in blood serum levels. The release of those ingredients is initiated by an abrasion in the stomach and pH levels between the stomach and the upper gastrointestinal tract. The coating of the microbead technology is a patented timing system with pharmaceutical grade safe polymers. Comparatively speaking, the dissolution profile of Züm-XR caffeine to your typical immediate release caffeine showed that Züm-XR took a far greater amount of time, well over 120 minutes to complete the process of dissolution.<\/p>\r\n <\/p>\r\n Next Generation PRE-WORKOUT<\/p> \r\n Multi-pathway nitric oxide production With every rep, every mile, every day spent at the gym, your body improves. You could say the latest iteration of our premiere pre-workout, Core FURY, has done the same - but you’d be wrong. This reformulation is more like a tsunami, where the only ingredients left standing in its wake were those with the strongest clinical foundations and indisputable efficacy. Those ingredients were then used as the base around which we built a disruptive, cutting-edge, and revolutionary new product. We’ve not only replaced the old with the new, but created innovative combinations never before seen in a pre-workout formula. In the process, we’ve created a worthy successor to a product known for redefining the category. With that, let us introduce you to FURY Version 2.<\/p>\r\n Core FURY Version 2 is a meticulously crafted combination of key ingredients created to boost athletic performance, hydration, mental clarity, and energy. For athletic performance, muscle pumps, and athletic performance, ingredients such as L-Citrulline, VasoDrive-AP®, Citrapeak®, and Senactiv™, among others, are included at or above serving sizes suggested by clinical research. These ingredients have repeatedly demonstrated improvements in blood flow, hydration, power output, VO2 max, and time to exhaustion. For cognitive capacity, clarity, and focus; L-Tyrosine, Alpha GPC 50%, Cocoabuterol®, and Pregnenolone are also included at, or above, serving sizes suggested by research. Studies using these ingredients have shown to increase working memory, enhance focus, and reduce cognitive fatigue.<\/p>\r\n Together, our performance, pump, hydration, focus and energy blends constitute the latest evolution of the pre-workout formula. Unsurprisingly, Core Nutritionals has, yet again, created a new standard in the entire category.<\/p>\r\n L-Citrulline<\/p>\r\n Citrulline is a non-essential, non-protein amino acid that forms during the urea cycle and forms ornithine when combined with carbon dioxide. Citrulline is also a critical source of endogenous (natural) arginine, as it is rapidly and efficiently converted to arginine in the vascular endothelium and other tissues.<\/p>\r\n Citrulline’s benefits have been shown to be greater than its parent compound. While arginine undergoes direct hepatic (liver) metabolism through the enzyme arginase, citrulline bypasses hepatic metabolism entirely and it is delivered straight to the bloodstream. The result is that gut absorption and plasma (blood) bioavailability studies comparing citrulline and arginine have shown two things. First, that citrulline is less readily destroyed and has greater absorption than arginine. Second, that citrulline supplementation increases arginine levels more effectively than arginine supplementation itself.<\/p>\r\n This translates to promising results. For example, animal studies show a significant increase in anaerobic performance at a 250mg\/kg\/day serving of citrulline, while studies in humans implicate citrulline in both aerobic and anaerobic performance increases. As a critical part of the urea cycle, citrulline’s performance benefits are thought to be a result of its role in ammonia clearance. Citrulline is implicated in reducing the oxygen cost of muscle processes, along with increasing the rate of post-exercise ATP and phosphocreatine replenishment. As ATP and phosphocreatine are the body’s ‘exercise fuel,’ this may result in citrulline delaying time to exhaustion in aerobic and anaerobic exercise.<\/p>\r\n VasoDrive-AP®<\/p>\r\n VasoDrive-AP® is a proprietary ingredient derived from fermented casein. The fermentation process produces two lactotripeptides, Valyl-Prolyl-Proline (VPP) and Isoleucyl-Prolyl-Proline (IPP). Based on the available clinical evidence, these tri-peptides work together to reduce angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE).<\/p>\r\n In a recent meta-analysis researchers found 30 studies – all of which were randomized and some of which were double-blind – wherein Valyl-Prolyl-Proline (VPP) and Isoleucyl-Prolyl-Proline (IPP), either alone or in combination, exerted a statistically significant effect on improving endothelial function. In one of the analyzed studies, 25 men were challenged with casein hydrolysate standardized for tri-peptides in a randomized and placebo-controlled design. At the conclusion of the study, forearm blood flow, a key measure of endothelial function, was found to be increased by 33%. The researchers in this and other studies demonstrate that the tri-peptides that constitute VasoDrive-AP® exert an inhibitory effect on ACE. ACE, in turn, is a critical component of the renin-angiotensin (RAS) system, which regulates hemodynamics by controlling plasma fluid volume. While the precise mechanism has not been elucidated, researchers believe that the lactotripeptides in VasoDrive-AP® competitively inhibit ACE, thus decreasing the metabolism of bradykinin and systematically dilating the arteries and veins.<\/p>\r\n Citrapeak® (glucosyl hesperidin)<\/p>\r\n Citrapeak®, or glucosyl hesperidin, is a unique substance that contains all of the biological functions of standard hesperidin. Hesperidin is a flavonoid commonly found in citrus fruit peels. Some of these functions include increased vasodilation and increased pump factors. Citrapeak® offers these benefits with increased solubility and bioavailability, making it one of the most effective forms of hesperidin there is.<\/p>\r\n In measures of increased blood flow and bioavailability, Citrapeak® was shown to elicit an 18% increase in blood flow when compared against control as well as a feeling of tangible sensations in as little as 30 min. This means that one can receive a quick and efficient pump benefit thus increasing work capacity.<\/p>\r\n The proposed mechanism of action for Citrapeak® and hesperidin is that it can acutely stimulate phosphorylation of Src, Akt, AMP kinase, and endothelial NO synthase to produce NO. This increased NO production, while beneficial from a muscle performance standpoint, can also have a positive effect on other factors as well. Clinical studies have shown that hesperidin can increase flow mediated dilation and reduced concentrations of circulating inflammatory biomarkers, such as C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A protein, and soluble E-selectin. So in addition to the exercise performance benefits that hesperidin can provide, it also has been shown to have positive vasculoprotective actions that can benefit the cardiovascular and circulatory system.<\/p>\r\n Beta Alanine<\/p>\r\n Carnosine is a bit of an odd duck: we know that it is crucial for muscle function, and that dietary sources of caronsine are essential, but we don’t know precisely how it’s working. Moreover, for decades, we had no idea how to increase intramuscular concentrations, as exogenous carnosine sources degraded in the body so fast as to be effectively useless.<\/p>\r\n Enter beta-alanine. Simply a different iteration of one of the amino acids that comprises carnosine itself (alanine), beta-alanine has proven to be the most effective means of significantly increasing intramuscular concentrations of carnosine – and therefore of promoting all of carnosine’s various beneficial effects on muscle performance. If that weren’t enough, beta-alanine has also demonstrated beneficial physiological effects independent of its parent compound. In order to understand why, though, we need to first understand some of the basics behind carnosine itself.<\/p>\r\n Carnosine, a cytoplasmic dipeptide synthesized from the precursors L-histidine and l-alanine, is present in high concentrations in skeletal muscle and plays a pivotal role as a, “chemical buffer” in myocytes (muscle cells). It has long been known that carnosine concentrations are highest in glycolytic, rather than oxidative muscle fibers (roughly speaking, explosive vs., endurance muscle fibers, respectively), and thus long hypothesized that this amino acid is required for sustained performance during supramaximal exercise. Recent research demonstrates that carnosine exerts its physiological effects in long hypoxic (low oxygen) drives by functioning as a high-capacity pH buffer in skeletal muscle, preventing the pH ratio of plasma from dropping too low – and therefore preventing crucial pH-dependent processes such as protein synthesis from being inhibited by acidosis.<\/p>\r\n Despite its critical role in skeletal muscle anaerobic performance, intramyocellular synthesis of carnosine is rate-limited by the availability of l-alanine. Unfortunately, the majority of literature demonstrates that attempting to increase intramuscular levels of carnosine via either direct carnosine or alanine supplementation is largely ineffective due to carnosine\/alanine pharmacokinetics. Enter beta-alanine. Research with beta-alanine demonstrates consistent and dose-dependent increases to intramuscular carnosine concentrations with beta-alanine supplementation, with certain studies showing an increase of 40-60% with chronic administration. These same literature reveal a synergistic effect of exercise on beta-alanine supplementation, whereby the muscle adaptive changes associated with resistance training promote further intramuscular carnosine production in response to beta-alanine supplementation.<\/p>\r\n In simpler language, this essentially means that beta-alanine is a dietary supplement that promotes its own effects in combination with exercise. As you exercise, you simultaneously intensify beta-alanine’s physiological actions – both directly, as well as in the production of intramuscular carnosine. Once ingested, beta-alanine’s exercise-specific beneficial activity is well-established. Elevation of intramuscular caronsine content via beta-alanine supplementation has been shown to improve performance in the following ways.<\/p>\r\n Both acute and chronic increases in total work capacity, measured by total volume during exercise sessions. In total, a significant body of research exists to suggest that beta-alanine may significantly increase muscle power output, strength, training volume and output, overall performance in hypoxic (oxygen-deprived) conditions and peak VO2 max (oxygen holding capacity).<\/p>\r\n These myriad benefits make beta-alanine both one of the most-studied, and most well-rounded dietary supplements. Beta-alanine not only has direct, actionable physiological effects, but also promotes critical muscle physiologic adaptations that promote its own effects.<\/p>\r\n Betaine Anhydrous<\/p>\r\n Betaine (trimethyl glycine) is found naturally in most living organisms. It is well known to protect non-mammalian animal life in conditions of osmotic stress (a rapid change in the amount of solute surrounding a cell), in addition to functioning as an osmolyte in mammalian (including human) tissues. Betaine is formed in cells as an oxidation product of choline and can be obtained in the diet from foods such as spinach and beets.<\/p>\r\n Though data on betaine is limited, and recent, the available literature suggests that this compound may have effects in a few areas. Studies on betaine using servings as little as 1.25g\/day and up to 5g\/day for up to 14 days have shown promising results. In one study, a 2.5g\/day serving was found to enhance endurance and total repetition volume for the squat, bench press, and jump squat in in healthy-exercised trained adults. A similar study using the same serving found that betaine use increased peak power and maximum peak power, along with force and the maintenance of both force and power in healthy, exercise-trained subjects.<\/p>\r\n Perhaps more interesting, however, is a study which examined betaine’s effect on the endocrine system. This study revealed that betaine may exert an effect on several endocrine processes given the proper conditions, causing the authors to hypothesize that long(er) term betaine supplementation may increase the hypertrophic response to resistance training.<\/p>\r\n Senactiv™ (Panax notoginseng (root) and Rosa roxburghii (fruit) extracts)<\/p>\r\n Senactiv®, derived from extracts of Panax notoginseng and Rosa roxburghii, has been shown to act in a few pathways to reenergize and rejuvenate cells within the body that take a beating on a daily basis. Ultimately this product falls within a category known as senolytics, or compounds that primarily work to induce cell death. This may not sound ideal as we need our cells to function, but the key is to ensure that these compounds are working on the right kinds of cells. The human body does contain many senescent cells, which are old cells and can be deteriorating. How these senolytics work to promote health is by speeding up the breakdown of these older cells as well as encouraging the grow of new, vibrant cells. The other benefit of Senactiv® and its ingredients is its ability to protect against muscle damage. Ginseng in particular has been shown to help reduce the proinflammatory state that is associated with rigorous training. Where this is going to benefit is to reduce inflammation and jumpstart the recovery process of torn down muscle fibers so these cells can begin to scar and grow stronger. The other benefit that ginseng has been able to show is it has been shown to improve VO2 mas by about 20% when compared to a control group in studies. This improvement can significantly improve oxygen uptake to increase delivery to muscle cells for the ability to push harder and longer.<\/p>\r\n On another angle of recovery, Senactiv® has been shown to improve the rate of glycogen storage after exercise. When glycogen can be stored efficiently post exercise it has the ability to attenuate the structural damage associated with training by allowing those carbohydrates and sugars going towards recovery.<\/p>\r\n Senactiv® is a unique blend of ingredients but with sound research and application behind but with its benefits towards improved cell regeneration, VO2 max, and recovery, it is a great addition to this hydration product.<\/p>\r\n Taurine<\/p>\r\n Through traditionally referred to as an amino acid due to its chemical structure, taurine is not an amino acid in the sense that leucine, alanine, or glutamine are. Its chemical status aside, taurine is considered one of the body’s most essential chemical compounds, as cardiovascular function, muscle development and function, along with optical and nervous systems in the body depend on its abundance. While data on taurine typically occurs with taurine in supplement combinations (with caffeine and other amino acids), these data nevertheless suggest that dietary supplementation with taurine may have beneficial effects on mental focus and alertness and may assist during times of increased physical exertion.<\/p>\r\n Albion™ Potassium Glycinate Complex<\/p>\r\n Potassium, as sodium’s counterpart, acts as a critical electrolyte primarily by helping to maintain normal levels of fluids inside of our cells. Additionally, it helps muscles to contract and relax, aid in strong nerve function, as well as support normal blood pressure. It works very closely with sodium to create the membrane potential needed for the electrical currents that generate these functions to pass from one cell to the next. While the potassium levels in our body are regulated carefully, a diet lacking sufficient amounts of potassium (especially when combined with excess sodium) or one that contains too much potassium can eventually lead to certain types of dysfunctions and poor health status. When potassium levels in the body increase, the adrenal glands release the hormone aldosterone, which causes the kidneys to excrete excess potassium through the urine. When potassium levels are too low, aldosterone levels are suppressed, which can lead to conservation of potassium thus interfering with balance and negatively affecting transport channels that affect vital bodily functions. Potassium can be gotten from the diet in the form of fresh fruits and vegetables, such as sweet potatoes, beans, tomatoes, spinach and broccoli but supplementing can be an essential application as well to support an active lifestyle where excretion is higher than can be replenished through diet.<\/p>\r\n Sea Salt<\/p>\r\n Sodium is one of the most essential electrolytes for our body to utilize. As sodium is often found bound to chloride as sodium-chloride (salt), their function and benefits are going to be very similar in nature. Sodium helps to keep the water (mainly amount of fluid outside of the body’s cells) and electrolyte balance of the body, while also aiding in the contraction and relaxation of muscles as well as conducting nerve impulses. While only 500mg of sodium is needed per day for these functions to occur, we as active individuals need far more sodium in order to maintain these functions. We mostly lose sodium through sweat and urine, so the more active we are\/the more we sweat and the more we urinate, the more sodium is lost. Acquiring enough sodium through food and drink is crucial to establishing equilibrium again in order to maintain proper functioning and electrolyte balance within the body. The standard American diet is often overloaded with sodium and coupled with inactivity, which can lead to poor health and dysfunction. It is important to engage in physical activity of some kind most days and to eat a diet that is balanced in nutrients in order to maintain proper health.<\/p>\r\n L-Tyrosine<\/p>\r\n Tyrosine is amongst a class of amino acids known as ‘non-essential’ amino acids, so called because the body can produce them endogenously, and it is therefore not essential to consume dietary tyrosine. That said, tyrosine is also what is known as a conditionally-essential amino acid; conditionally-essential because, along with glucose and ammonia, the synthesis of tyrosine additionally requires adequate levels of phenylalanine. Once synthesized, tyrosine is one of the most critical amino acids, given its prominent role as a substrate in the synthesis of the catecholamines dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine, in addition to both T3 (triiodothyronine) and T4 (thyroxine) thyroid hormones.<\/p>\r\n In studies on stress modulation, tyrosine has been demonstrated to reverse stress-induced norepinephrine depletion and the depressant-behavioral effects normally associated with it. In simpler terms, tyrosine may, in certain conditions, dampen the extent to which norepinephrine is removed from the bloodstream during a stress event. In simpler terms still, tyrosine may help to mitigate the sense of depletion and fatigue felt at the end of a workout.<\/p>\r\n Tyrosine may also play important metabolic functions, mostly related to its role in synthesizing compounds which stimulate the nervous system. While not traditionally considered a sympathomimetic amine, studies which have coadministered tyrosine and stimulants demonstrate a synergistic effect. These studies suggest that tyrosine may potentiate the effects of both endogenous and supplemental norepinephrine and its mimetics (in the case of exogenous use) with respect to lipolysis, thermogenesis, and energy expenditure. Meaning that tyrosine may play a role in assisting norepinephrine to break up triglycerides and increase body heat transiently.<\/p>\r\n Alpha GPC 50%<\/p>\r\n Of the known choline pro-drugs or precursors, Alpha GPC appears to have exert the greatest influence on circulating choline levels. Choline is an essential nutrient involved in numerous metabolic pathways, including DNA regulation and repair, protein function, and metabolism. Perhaps most importantly, the critical neurotransmitter acetylcholine is produced directly from free choline via cholinergic neurons. Acetylcholine is then responsible for several functions itself, most crucially as the compound which induces muscular contraction, and as the neuromodulator partially responsible for modulating risk\/reward, arousal, and enhancing memory.<\/p>\r\n Choline’s essential role as a substrate for acetylcholine, and therefore brain development, is well documented in animal models. These studies demonstrate that levels of free maternal choline have a direct and fundamental impact on prenatal brain development, with the enhancements or deficits lasting into adulthood. Choline’s enhancing effect is particularly prominent in the hippocampus. In humans, the hippocampus is primarily involved in the consolidation of memory (taking short, episodic memory and translating it into long-term memory) and the learning of new information. Acetylcholine is a critical component in these processes, as mentioned above, and choline may therefore play a potential role in these processes as well by providing the substrate for acetylcholine synthesis.<\/p>\r\n Whether through these, or other independent mechanisms, a recent trial using Alpha GPC demonstrated a statistically significant increase to power output. In a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized trial, 14 healthy volunteers, split into an Alpha GPC or placebo group, were tested on various exercises. In comparison to the placebo group, the Alpha GPC group experienced a 14% increase to bench press. The researchers hypothesize that the peak power increase was the result of a substantial acute increase to growth hormone, one of the observed effects of Alpha GPC supplementation.<\/p>\r\n Cocoabuterol® Cocoa Extract<\/p>\r\n Cocoabuterol®, made up of the bioactive compounds found in cocoa, has been shown through studies and application to have beneficial factors on fat loss, muscle building, and insulin sensitivity. This ingredient exhibits a mechanism of action in the body to increase cAMP (cyclic adenosine monophosphate) levels, which acts as a second messenger and regulator of many movements exhibited by all three types of cells in the human body. In this context, fat (adipose) tissue epinephrine utilizes cAMP to increase to triglyceride hydrolysis and cardiac (heart) muscle epinephrine utilizes it to increase contraction rate. This action can have positive benefits on body composition and performance.<\/p>\r\n Theobromine, one of the main methylxanthine compounds found in cocoa is primarily effective in the increase of nitric oxide to in the blood stream, which is beneficial to produce the “pump” when ingested pre-workout. Another reaction that can be seen with theobromine is dilation of blood vessels. This can increase blood flow during vigorous exercise leading to increased time to exhaustion but also can pose benefits to individuals who suffer from high blood pressure. Theobromine also has a very high bioavailability and ability to stay in the body for extended periods of time (7-8 hours). Several studies have also looked at the effects of theobromine on human subjects and results have shown its ability to reduce oxidative stress on cells and regulation of gene expression.<\/p>\r\n Cocoabuterol® has also been shown to have positive benefits on reducing oxidative stress in the body. Due to its rich antioxidant properties, it has the ability to fight off free radicals that can be detrimental. In addition to this, the polyphenols that Cocoabuterol® contains have been shown to reduce inflammatory signals within the body that can also be detrimental biomarkers.<\/p>\r\n By now you have read some of the amazing benefits of Cocoabuterol® and why we have included in this recomposition agent. When your goal is maintaining muscle mass, shedding body fat, reducing overall stress, and performing at your peak, we make sure you are equipped with the right ingredients, in the right dosages, and for the right purpose. In summary, Cocoabuterol® does all of these things by:<\/p>\r\n Increasing power output due to elevated NO production via theobromine effects. Pregnenolone, or pregn-5-en-3β-ol-20-one, is known as the grandmother hormone due to its precursor role in the endogenous biosynthesis of most steroid hormones. Pregnenolone also has potent intrinsic activity, however, functioning as a neurosteroid. In that capacity, pregnenolone has been investigated as a mechanistically novel agent for treating cognitive and behavioral symptoms associated with schizophrenia and other mood disorders.<\/p>\r\n Pregnenolone has been demonstrated to enhance learning and memory in animal models at physiologically relevant concentrations. For example, acute administration of pregnenolone or pregnenolone sulfate to rodents results in increased performance along several standardized tests – including maze tests given to rodents to test working memory. Additionally, pregnenolone appears to prevent learning and memory deficits induced by NDMA receptor agonists. These results suggest that pregnenolone’s cognitive functions are at least partially explained by modulating the NMDA receptors – critical receptors involved in numerous neurological processes.<\/p>\r\n Caffeine Anhydrous<\/p>\r\n Caffeine is one of the most widely consumed, and perhaps one of the most reviewed, psychoactive compounds. Its physiological effects in a range of areas have been well-documented, including exercise performance, information processing, alertness and mood enhancement, attention, and awareness, along with its anti-lipogenic and lipolytic abilities.<\/p>\r\n Most importantly to Core FURY, caffeine has been shown to have significant effects on exercise performance, even with ingestion in servings as small 3 to 9mg\/kg\/bw\/day (the equivalent of 2 cups of standard coffee, for a 170lb male). In endurance training, possible explanations for caffeine’s performance-enhancing effects lie in its metabolic effects on both lean and fat tissue. It is suggested that caffeine’s potent lipolytic (the breakdown of fat tissue into fatty acids) and oxidative (the actual ‘burning’ of fat) action allow the body to utilize these sources during prolonged submaximal exercise. As a consequence, muscle glycogen is spared and available for use later in the training session. Practically speaking, this means caffeine is forcing your body to preferentially use fat tissue as a fuel source, while sparing the glycogen which gives you the full-bodied look!<\/p>\r\n In short-term exercise, caffeine’s demonstrated role in the inhibition of cyclic AMP- phosphodiesterases (PDE), adenosine receptor antagonism, and adrenoreceptor agonism come into play. These three pathways collectively stimulate lipolytic activity, boost fat metabolism, increase metabolic rate and energy expenditure, and regulate the body’s thermogenic activity. The practical results of activating these pathways are increases to the contractile force of both cardiac and skeletal muscle (harder flexion), an increase in energy expenditure (freeing up more caloric energy to be used in contraction), dilation of vasculature (better blood flow), and improvements to both nitrogen retention and skeletal muscle protein synthesis (key components to muscle building<\/p>\r\n In Core FURY, we have included a per-serving amount of caffeine that is neither excessive, nor arbitrary, but that instead reflects the servings used in clinical research.<\/p>\r\n Caffeine Citrate<\/p>\r\n Caffeine citrate is not generally seen in the typical sports performance area. It is more commonly prescribed for premature infants for a short time for the treatment of apnea of prematurity. Apnea of prematurity occurs when a premature infant doesn’t breathe for 15-20 seconds during sleep. In addition to this caffeine citrate can at times be prescribed for migraines in some individuals.<\/p>\r\n Recently caffeine citrate has gained some popularity in sports performance as it appears to be able to raise blood caffeine levels faster than other caffeine sources. This allows for a quicker feeling of increased energy. For example, typical caffeine levels peak at about 60-120 minutes post ingestion of caffeine anhydrous, whereas blood levels peak around 30 minutes post-ingestion for caffeine citrate. The one drawback to caffeine citrate is that it provides 50% less caffeine per dose than caffeine anhydrous. The specific blend of caffeine sources we have used in Core FURY V2 compliment each other through differing release times, meaning you will have a quick and effective stimulant feeling with caffeine citrate, a fully dosed serving of caffeine anhydrous, as well as a specific delayed release caffeine in Zum-XR® (outlined below) to give you the quick hitting and long-lasting energy you need to get through your workouts.<\/p>\r\n Zum-XR® Caffeine<\/p>\r\n Züm-XR is a patented coating technology that allows the dissolution profile of certain ingredients, primarily caffeine, to have a longer lasting effect in blood serum levels. The release of those ingredients is initiated by an abrasion in the stomach and pH levels between the stomach and the upper gastrointestinal tract. The coating of the microbead technology is a patented timing system with pharmaceutical grade safe polymers. Comparatively speaking, the dissolution profile of Züm-XR caffeine to your typical immediate release caffeine showed that Züm-XR took a far greater amount of time, well over 120 minutes to complete the process of dissolution.<\/p>\r\n <\/p>\r\n Next Generation PRE-WORKOUT<\/p> \r\n Multi-pathway nitric oxide production With every rep, every mile, every day spent at the gym, your body improves. You could say the latest iteration of our premiere pre-workout, Core FURY, has done the same - but you’d be wrong. This reformulation is more like a tsunami, where the only ingredients left standing in its wake were those with the strongest clinical foundations and indisputable efficacy. Those ingredients were then used as the base around which we built a disruptive, cutting-edge, and revolutionary new product. We’ve not only replaced the old with the new, but created innovative combinations never before seen in a pre-workout formula. In the process, we’ve created a worthy successor to a product known for redefining the category. With that, let us introduce you to FURY Version 2.<\/p>\r\n Core FURY Version 2 is a meticulously crafted combination of key ingredients created to boost athletic performance, hydration, mental clarity, and energy. For athletic performance, muscle pumps, and athletic performance, ingredients such as L-Citrulline, VasoDrive-AP®, Citrapeak®, and Senactiv™, among others, are included at or above serving sizes suggested by clinical research. These ingredients have repeatedly demonstrated improvements in blood flow, hydration, power output, VO2 max, and time to exhaustion. For cognitive capacity, clarity, and focus; L-Tyrosine, Alpha GPC 50%, Cocoabuterol®, and Pregnenolone are also included at, or above, serving sizes suggested by research. Studies using these ingredients have shown to increase working memory, enhance focus, and reduce cognitive fatigue.<\/p>\r\n Together, our performance, pump, hydration, focus and energy blends constitute the latest evolution of the pre-workout formula. Unsurprisingly, Core Nutritionals has, yet again, created a new standard in the entire category.<\/p>\r\n L-Citrulline<\/p>\r\n Citrulline is a non-essential, non-protein amino acid that forms during the urea cycle and forms ornithine when combined with carbon dioxide. Citrulline is also a critical source of endogenous (natural) arginine, as it is rapidly and efficiently converted to arginine in the vascular endothelium and other tissues.<\/p>\r\n Citrulline’s benefits have been shown to be greater than its parent compound. While arginine undergoes direct hepatic (liver) metabolism through the enzyme arginase, citrulline bypasses hepatic metabolism entirely and it is delivered straight to the bloodstream. The result is that gut absorption and plasma (blood) bioavailability studies comparing citrulline and arginine have shown two things. First, that citrulline is less readily destroyed and has greater absorption than arginine. Second, that citrulline supplementation increases arginine levels more effectively than arginine supplementation itself.<\/p>\r\n This translates to promising results. For example, animal studies show a significant increase in anaerobic performance at a 250mg\/kg\/day serving of citrulline, while studies in humans implicate citrulline in both aerobic and anaerobic performance increases. As a critical part of the urea cycle, citrulline’s performance benefits are thought to be a result of its role in ammonia clearance. Citrulline is implicated in reducing the oxygen cost of muscle processes, along with increasing the rate of post-exercise ATP and phosphocreatine replenishment. As ATP and phosphocreatine are the body’s ‘exercise fuel,’ this may result in citrulline delaying time to exhaustion in aerobic and anaerobic exercise.<\/p>\r\n VasoDrive-AP®<\/p>\r\n VasoDrive-AP® is a proprietary ingredient derived from fermented casein. The fermentation process produces two lactotripeptides, Valyl-Prolyl-Proline (VPP) and Isoleucyl-Prolyl-Proline (IPP). Based on the available clinical evidence, these tri-peptides work together to reduce angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE).<\/p>\r\n In a recent meta-analysis researchers found 30 studies – all of which were randomized and some of which were double-blind – wherein Valyl-Prolyl-Proline (VPP) and Isoleucyl-Prolyl-Proline (IPP), either alone or in combination, exerted a statistically significant effect on improving endothelial function. In one of the analyzed studies, 25 men were challenged with casein hydrolysate standardized for tri-peptides in a randomized and placebo-controlled design. At the conclusion of the study, forearm blood flow, a key measure of endothelial function, was found to be increased by 33%. The researchers in this and other studies demonstrate that the tri-peptides that constitute VasoDrive-AP® exert an inhibitory effect on ACE. ACE, in turn, is a critical component of the renin-angiotensin (RAS) system, which regulates hemodynamics by controlling plasma fluid volume. While the precise mechanism has not been elucidated, researchers believe that the lactotripeptides in VasoDrive-AP® competitively inhibit ACE, thus decreasing the metabolism of bradykinin and systematically dilating the arteries and veins.<\/p>\r\n Citrapeak® (glucosyl hesperidin)<\/p>\r\n Citrapeak®, or glucosyl hesperidin, is a unique substance that contains all of the biological functions of standard hesperidin. Hesperidin is a flavonoid commonly found in citrus fruit peels. Some of these functions include increased vasodilation and increased pump factors. Citrapeak® offers these benefits with increased solubility and bioavailability, making it one of the most effective forms of hesperidin there is.<\/p>\r\n In measures of increased blood flow and bioavailability, Citrapeak® was shown to elicit an 18% increase in blood flow when compared against control as well as a feeling of tangible sensations in as little as 30 min. This means that one can receive a quick and efficient pump benefit thus increasing work capacity.<\/p>\r\n The proposed mechanism of action for Citrapeak® and hesperidin is that it can acutely stimulate phosphorylation of Src, Akt, AMP kinase, and endothelial NO synthase to produce NO. This increased NO production, while beneficial from a muscle performance standpoint, can also have a positive effect on other factors as well. Clinical studies have shown that hesperidin can increase flow mediated dilation and reduced concentrations of circulating inflammatory biomarkers, such as C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A protein, and soluble E-selectin. So in addition to the exercise performance benefits that hesperidin can provide, it also has been shown to have positive vasculoprotective actions that can benefit the cardiovascular and circulatory system.<\/p>\r\n Beta Alanine<\/p>\r\n Carnosine is a bit of an odd duck: we know that it is crucial for muscle function, and that dietary sources of caronsine are essential, but we don’t know precisely how it’s working. Moreover, for decades, we had no idea how to increase intramuscular concentrations, as exogenous carnosine sources degraded in the body so fast as to be effectively useless.<\/p>\r\n Enter beta-alanine. Simply a different iteration of one of the amino acids that comprises carnosine itself (alanine), beta-alanine has proven to be the most effective means of significantly increasing intramuscular concentrations of carnosine – and therefore of promoting all of carnosine’s various beneficial effects on muscle performance. If that weren’t enough, beta-alanine has also demonstrated beneficial physiological effects independent of its parent compound. In order to understand why, though, we need to first understand some of the basics behind carnosine itself.<\/p>\r\n Carnosine, a cytoplasmic dipeptide synthesized from the precursors L-histidine and l-alanine, is present in high concentrations in skeletal muscle and plays a pivotal role as a, “chemical buffer” in myocytes (muscle cells). It has long been known that carnosine concentrations are highest in glycolytic, rather than oxidative muscle fibers (roughly speaking, explosive vs., endurance muscle fibers, respectively), and thus long hypothesized that this amino acid is required for sustained performance during supramaximal exercise. Recent research demonstrates that carnosine exerts its physiological effects in long hypoxic (low oxygen) drives by functioning as a high-capacity pH buffer in skeletal muscle, preventing the pH ratio of plasma from dropping too low – and therefore preventing crucial pH-dependent processes such as protein synthesis from being inhibited by acidosis.<\/p>\r\n Despite its critical role in skeletal muscle anaerobic performance, intramyocellular synthesis of carnosine is rate-limited by the availability of l-alanine. Unfortunately, the majority of literature demonstrates that attempting to increase intramuscular levels of carnosine via either direct carnosine or alanine supplementation is largely ineffective due to carnosine\/alanine pharmacokinetics. Enter beta-alanine. Research with beta-alanine demonstrates consistent and dose-dependent increases to intramuscular carnosine concentrations with beta-alanine supplementation, with certain studies showing an increase of 40-60% with chronic administration. These same literature reveal a synergistic effect of exercise on beta-alanine supplementation, whereby the muscle adaptive changes associated with resistance training promote further intramuscular carnosine production in response to beta-alanine supplementation.<\/p>\r\n In simpler language, this essentially means that beta-alanine is a dietary supplement that promotes its own effects in combination with exercise. As you exercise, you simultaneously intensify beta-alanine’s physiological actions – both directly, as well as in the production of intramuscular carnosine. Once ingested, beta-alanine’s exercise-specific beneficial activity is well-established. Elevation of intramuscular caronsine content via beta-alanine supplementation has been shown to improve performance in the following ways.<\/p>\r\n Both acute and chronic increases in total work capacity, measured by total volume during exercise sessions. In total, a significant body of research exists to suggest that beta-alanine may significantly increase muscle power output, strength, training volume and output, overall performance in hypoxic (oxygen-deprived) conditions and peak VO2 max (oxygen holding capacity).<\/p>\r\n These myriad benefits make beta-alanine both one of the most-studied, and most well-rounded dietary supplements. Beta-alanine not only has direct, actionable physiological effects, but also promotes critical muscle physiologic adaptations that promote its own effects.<\/p>\r\n Betaine Anhydrous<\/p>\r\n Betaine (trimethyl glycine) is found naturally in most living organisms. It is well known to protect non-mammalian animal life in conditions of osmotic stress (a rapid change in the amount of solute surrounding a cell), in addition to functioning as an osmolyte in mammalian (including human) tissues. Betaine is formed in cells as an oxidation product of choline and can be obtained in the diet from foods such as spinach and beets.<\/p>\r\n Though data on betaine is limited, and recent, the available literature suggests that this compound may have effects in a few areas. Studies on betaine using servings as little as 1.25g\/day and up to 5g\/day for up to 14 days have shown promising results. In one study, a 2.5g\/day serving was found to enhance endurance and total repetition volume for the squat, bench press, and jump squat in in healthy-exercised trained adults. A similar study using the same serving found that betaine use increased peak power and maximum peak power, along with force and the maintenance of both force and power in healthy, exercise-trained subjects.<\/p>\r\n Perhaps more interesting, however, is a study which examined betaine’s effect on the endocrine system. This study revealed that betaine may exert an effect on several endocrine processes given the proper conditions, causing the authors to hypothesize that long(er) term betaine supplementation may increase the hypertrophic response to resistance training.<\/p>\r\n Senactiv™ (Panax notoginseng (root) and Rosa roxburghii (fruit) extracts)<\/p>\r\n Senactiv®, derived from extracts of Panax notoginseng and Rosa roxburghii, has been shown to act in a few pathways to reenergize and rejuvenate cells within the body that take a beating on a daily basis. Ultimately this product falls within a category known as senolytics, or compounds that primarily work to induce cell death. This may not sound ideal as we need our cells to function, but the key is to ensure that these compounds are working on the right kinds of cells. The human body does contain many senescent cells, which are old cells and can be deteriorating. How these senolytics work to promote health is by speeding up the breakdown of these older cells as well as encouraging the grow of new, vibrant cells. The other benefit of Senactiv® and its ingredients is its ability to protect against muscle damage. Ginseng in particular has been shown to help reduce the proinflammatory state that is associated with rigorous training. Where this is going to benefit is to reduce inflammation and jumpstart the recovery process of torn down muscle fibers so these cells can begin to scar and grow stronger. The other benefit that ginseng has been able to show is it has been shown to improve VO2 mas by about 20% when compared to a control group in studies. This improvement can significantly improve oxygen uptake to increase delivery to muscle cells for the ability to push harder and longer.<\/p>\r\n On another angle of recovery, Senactiv® has been shown to improve the rate of glycogen storage after exercise. When glycogen can be stored efficiently post exercise it has the ability to attenuate the structural damage associated with training by allowing those carbohydrates and sugars going towards recovery.<\/p>\r\n Senactiv® is a unique blend of ingredients but with sound research and application behind but with its benefits towards improved cell regeneration, VO2 max, and recovery, it is a great addition to this hydration product.<\/p>\r\n Taurine<\/p>\r\n Through traditionally referred to as an amino acid due to its chemical structure, taurine is not an amino acid in the sense that leucine, alanine, or glutamine are. Its chemical status aside, taurine is considered one of the body’s most essential chemical compounds, as cardiovascular function, muscle development and function, along with optical and nervous systems in the body depend on its abundance. While data on taurine typically occurs with taurine in supplement combinations (with caffeine and other amino acids), these data nevertheless suggest that dietary supplementation with taurine may have beneficial effects on mental focus and alertness and may assist during times of increased physical exertion.<\/p>\r\n Albion™ Potassium Glycinate Complex<\/p>\r\n Potassium, as sodium’s counterpart, acts as a critical electrolyte primarily by helping to maintain normal levels of fluids inside of our cells. Additionally, it helps muscles to contract and relax, aid in strong nerve function, as well as support normal blood pressure. It works very closely with sodium to create the membrane potential needed for the electrical currents that generate these functions to pass from one cell to the next. While the potassium levels in our body are regulated carefully, a diet lacking sufficient amounts of potassium (especially when combined with excess sodium) or one that contains too much potassium can eventually lead to certain types of dysfunctions and poor health status. When potassium levels in the body increase, the adrenal glands release the hormone aldosterone, which causes the kidneys to excrete excess potassium through the urine. When potassium levels are too low, aldosterone levels are suppressed, which can lead to conservation of potassium thus interfering with balance and negatively affecting transport channels that affect vital bodily functions. Potassium can be gotten from the diet in the form of fresh fruits and vegetables, such as sweet potatoes, beans, tomatoes, spinach and broccoli but supplementing can be an essential application as well to support an active lifestyle where excretion is higher than can be replenished through diet.<\/p>\r\n Sea Salt<\/p>\r\n Sodium is one of the most essential electrolytes for our body to utilize. As sodium is often found bound to chloride as sodium-chloride (salt), their function and benefits are going to be very similar in nature. Sodium helps to keep the water (mainly amount of fluid outside of the body’s cells) and electrolyte balance of the body, while also aiding in the contraction and relaxation of muscles as well as conducting nerve impulses. While only 500mg of sodium is needed per day for these functions to occur, we as active individuals need far more sodium in order to maintain these functions. We mostly lose sodium through sweat and urine, so the more active we are\/the more we sweat and the more we urinate, the more sodium is lost. Acquiring enough sodium through food and drink is crucial to establishing equilibrium again in order to maintain proper functioning and electrolyte balance within the body. The standard American diet is often overloaded with sodium and coupled with inactivity, which can lead to poor health and dysfunction. It is important to engage in physical activity of some kind most days and to eat a diet that is balanced in nutrients in order to maintain proper health.<\/p>\r\n L-Tyrosine<\/p>\r\n Tyrosine is amongst a class of amino acids known as ‘non-essential’ amino acids, so called because the body can produce them endogenously, and it is therefore not essential to consume dietary tyrosine. That said, tyrosine is also what is known as a conditionally-essential amino acid; conditionally-essential because, along with glucose and ammonia, the synthesis of tyrosine additionally requires adequate levels of phenylalanine. Once synthesized, tyrosine is one of the most critical amino acids, given its prominent role as a substrate in the synthesis of the catecholamines dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine, in addition to both T3 (triiodothyronine) and T4 (thyroxine) thyroid hormones.<\/p>\r\n In studies on stress modulation, tyrosine has been demonstrated to reverse stress-induced norepinephrine depletion and the depressant-behavioral effects normally associated with it. In simpler terms, tyrosine may, in certain conditions, dampen the extent to which norepinephrine is removed from the bloodstream during a stress event. In simpler terms still, tyrosine may help to mitigate the sense of depletion and fatigue felt at the end of a workout.<\/p>\r\n Tyrosine may also play important metabolic functions, mostly related to its role in synthesizing compounds which stimulate the nervous system. While not traditionally considered a sympathomimetic amine, studies which have coadministered tyrosine and stimulants demonstrate a synergistic effect. These studies suggest that tyrosine may potentiate the effects of both endogenous and supplemental norepinephrine and its mimetics (in the case of exogenous use) with respect to lipolysis, thermogenesis, and energy expenditure. Meaning that tyrosine may play a role in assisting norepinephrine to break up triglycerides and increase body heat transiently.<\/p>\r\n Alpha GPC 50%<\/p>\r\n Of the known choline pro-drugs or precursors, Alpha GPC appears to have exert the greatest influence on circulating choline levels. Choline is an essential nutrient involved in numerous metabolic pathways, including DNA regulation and repair, protein function, and metabolism. Perhaps most importantly, the critical neurotransmitter acetylcholine is produced directly from free choline via cholinergic neurons. Acetylcholine is then responsible for several functions itself, most crucially as the compound which induces muscular contraction, and as the neuromodulator partially responsible for modulating risk\/reward, arousal, and enhancing memory.<\/p>\r\n Choline’s essential role as a substrate for acetylcholine, and therefore brain development, is well documented in animal models. These studies demonstrate that levels of free maternal choline have a direct and fundamental impact on prenatal brain development, with the enhancements or deficits lasting into adulthood. Choline’s enhancing effect is particularly prominent in the hippocampus. In humans, the hippocampus is primarily involved in the consolidation of memory (taking short, episodic memory and translating it into long-term memory) and the learning of new information. Acetylcholine is a critical component in these processes, as mentioned above, and choline may therefore play a potential role in these processes as well by providing the substrate for acetylcholine synthesis.<\/p>\r\n Whether through these, or other independent mechanisms, a recent trial using Alpha GPC demonstrated a statistically significant increase to power output. In a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized trial, 14 healthy volunteers, split into an Alpha GPC or placebo group, were tested on various exercises. In comparison to the placebo group, the Alpha GPC group experienced a 14% increase to bench press. The researchers hypothesize that the peak power increase was the result of a substantial acute increase to growth hormone, one of the observed effects of Alpha GPC supplementation.<\/p>\r\n Cocoabuterol® Cocoa Extract<\/p>\r\n Cocoabuterol®, made up of the bioactive compounds found in cocoa, has been shown through studies and application to have beneficial factors on fat loss, muscle building, and insulin sensitivity. This ingredient exhibits a mechanism of action in the body to increase cAMP (cyclic adenosine monophosphate) levels, which acts as a second messenger and regulator of many movements exhibited by all three types of cells in the human body. In this context, fat (adipose) tissue epinephrine utilizes cAMP to increase to triglyceride hydrolysis and cardiac (heart) muscle epinephrine utilizes it to increase contraction rate. This action can have positive benefits on body composition and performance.<\/p>\r\n Theobromine, one of the main methylxanthine compounds found in cocoa is primarily effective in the increase of nitric oxide to in the blood stream, which is beneficial to produce the “pump” when ingested pre-workout. Another reaction that can be seen with theobromine is dilation of blood vessels. This can increase blood flow during vigorous exercise leading to increased time to exhaustion but also can pose benefits to individuals who suffer from high blood pressure. Theobromine also has a very high bioavailability and ability to stay in the body for extended periods of time (7-8 hours). Several studies have also looked at the effects of theobromine on human subjects and results have shown its ability to reduce oxidative stress on cells and regulation of gene expression.<\/p>\r\n Cocoabuterol® has also been shown to have positive benefits on reducing oxidative stress in the body. Due to its rich antioxidant properties, it has the ability to fight off free radicals that can be detrimental. In addition to this, the polyphenols that Cocoabuterol® contains have been shown to reduce inflammatory signals within the body that can also be detrimental biomarkers.<\/p>\r\n By now you have read some of the amazing benefits of Cocoabuterol® and why we have included in this recomposition agent. When your goal is maintaining muscle mass, shedding body fat, reducing overall stress, and performing at your peak, we make sure you are equipped with the right ingredients, in the right dosages, and for the right purpose. In summary, Cocoabuterol® does all of these things by:<\/p>\r\n Increasing power output due to elevated NO production via theobromine effects. Pregnenolone, or pregn-5-en-3β-ol-20-one, is known as the grandmother hormone due to its precursor role in the endogenous biosynthesis of most steroid hormones. Pregnenolone also has potent intrinsic activity, however, functioning as a neurosteroid. In that capacity, pregnenolone has been investigated as a mechanistically novel agent for treating cognitive and behavioral symptoms associated with schizophrenia and other mood disorders.<\/p>\r\n Pregnenolone has been demonstrated to enhance learning and memory in animal models at physiologically relevant concentrations. For example, acute administration of pregnenolone or pregnenolone sulfate to rodents results in increased performance along several standardized tests – including maze tests given to rodents to test working memory. Additionally, pregnenolone appears to prevent learning and memory deficits induced by NDMA receptor agonists. These results suggest that pregnenolone’s cognitive functions are at least partially explained by modulating the NMDA receptors – critical receptors involved in numerous neurological processes.<\/p>\r\n Caffeine Anhydrous<\/p>\r\n Caffeine is one of the most widely consumed, and perhaps one of the most reviewed, psychoactive compounds. Its physiological effects in a range of areas have been well-documented, including exercise performance, information processing, alertness and mood enhancement, attention, and awareness, along with its anti-lipogenic and lipolytic abilities.<\/p>\r\n Most importantly to Core FURY, caffeine has been shown to have significant effects on exercise performance, even with ingestion in servings as small 3 to 9mg\/kg\/bw\/day (the equivalent of 2 cups of standard coffee, for a 170lb male). In endurance training, possible explanations for caffeine’s performance-enhancing effects lie in its metabolic effects on both lean and fat tissue. It is suggested that caffeine’s potent lipolytic (the breakdown of fat tissue into fatty acids) and oxidative (the actual ‘burning’ of fat) action allow the body to utilize these sources during prolonged submaximal exercise. As a consequence, muscle glycogen is spared and available for use later in the training session. Practically speaking, this means caffeine is forcing your body to preferentially use fat tissue as a fuel source, while sparing the glycogen which gives you the full-bodied look!<\/p>\r\n In short-term exercise, caffeine’s demonstrated role in the inhibition of cyclic AMP- phosphodiesterases (PDE), adenosine receptor antagonism, and adrenoreceptor agonism come into play. These three pathways collectively stimulate lipolytic activity, boost fat metabolism, increase metabolic rate and energy expenditure, and regulate the body’s thermogenic activity. The practical results of activating these pathways are increases to the contractile force of both cardiac and skeletal muscle (harder flexion), an increase in energy expenditure (freeing up more caloric energy to be used in contraction), dilation of vasculature (better blood flow), and improvements to both nitrogen retention and skeletal muscle protein synthesis (key components to muscle building<\/p>\r\n In Core FURY, we have included a per-serving amount of caffeine that is neither excessive, nor arbitrary, but that instead reflects the servings used in clinical research.<\/p>\r\n Caffeine Citrate<\/p>\r\n Caffeine citrate is not generally seen in the typical sports performance area. It is more commonly prescribed for premature infants for a short time for the treatment of apnea of prematurity. Apnea of prematurity occurs when a premature infant doesn’t breathe for 15-20 seconds during sleep. In addition to this caffeine citrate can at times be prescribed for migraines in some individuals.<\/p>\r\n Recently caffeine citrate has gained some popularity in sports performance as it appears to be able to raise blood caffeine levels faster than other caffeine sources. This allows for a quicker feeling of increased energy. For example, typical caffeine levels peak at about 60-120 minutes post ingestion of caffeine anhydrous, whereas blood levels peak around 30 minutes post-ingestion for caffeine citrate. The one drawback to caffeine citrate is that it provides 50% less caffeine per dose than caffeine anhydrous. The specific blend of caffeine sources we have used in Core FURY V2 compliment each other through differing release times, meaning you will have a quick and effective stimulant feeling with caffeine citrate, a fully dosed serving of caffeine anhydrous, as well as a specific delayed release caffeine in Zum-XR® (outlined below) to give you the quick hitting and long-lasting energy you need to get through your workouts.<\/p>\r\n Zum-XR® Caffeine<\/p>\r\n Züm-XR is a patented coating technology that allows the dissolution profile of certain ingredients, primarily caffeine, to have a longer lasting effect in blood serum levels. The release of those ingredients is initiated by an abrasion in the stomach and pH levels between the stomach and the upper gastrointestinal tract. The coating of the microbead technology is a patented timing system with pharmaceutical grade safe polymers. Comparatively speaking, the dissolution profile of Züm-XR caffeine to your typical immediate release caffeine showed that Züm-XR took a far greater amount of time, well over 120 minutes to complete the process of dissolution.<\/p>\r\n <\/p>\r\n Next Generation PRE-WORKOUT<\/p> \r\n Multi-pathway nitric oxide production With every rep, every mile, every day spent at the gym, your body improves. You could say the latest iteration of our premiere pre-workout, Core FURY, has done the same - but you’d be wrong. This reformulation is more like a tsunami, where the only ingredients left standing in its wake were those with the strongest clinical foundations and indisputable efficacy. Those ingredients were then used as the base around which we built a disruptive, cutting-edge, and revolutionary new product. We’ve not only replaced the old with the new, but created innovative combinations never before seen in a pre-workout formula. In the process, we’ve created a worthy successor to a product known for redefining the category. With that, let us introduce you to FURY Version 2.<\/p>\r\n Core FURY Version 2 is a meticulously crafted combination of key ingredients created to boost athletic performance, hydration, mental clarity, and energy. For athletic performance, muscle pumps, and athletic performance, ingredients such as L-Citrulline, VasoDrive-AP®, Citrapeak®, and Senactiv™, among others, are included at or above serving sizes suggested by clinical research. These ingredients have repeatedly demonstrated improvements in blood flow, hydration, power output, VO2 max, and time to exhaustion. For cognitive capacity, clarity, and focus; L-Tyrosine, Alpha GPC 50%, Cocoabuterol®, and Pregnenolone are also included at, or above, serving sizes suggested by research. Studies using these ingredients have shown to increase working memory, enhance focus, and reduce cognitive fatigue.<\/p>\r\n Together, our performance, pump, hydration, focus and energy blends constitute the latest evolution of the pre-workout formula. Unsurprisingly, Core Nutritionals has, yet again, created a new standard in the entire category.<\/p>\r\n L-Citrulline<\/p>\r\n Citrulline is a non-essential, non-protein amino acid that forms during the urea cycle and forms ornithine when combined with carbon dioxide. Citrulline is also a critical source of endogenous (natural) arginine, as it is rapidly and efficiently converted to arginine in the vascular endothelium and other tissues.<\/p>\r\n Citrulline’s benefits have been shown to be greater than its parent compound. While arginine undergoes direct hepatic (liver) metabolism through the enzyme arginase, citrulline bypasses hepatic metabolism entirely and it is delivered straight to the bloodstream. The result is that gut absorption and plasma (blood) bioavailability studies comparing citrulline and arginine have shown two things. First, that citrulline is less readily destroyed and has greater absorption than arginine. Second, that citrulline supplementation increases arginine levels more effectively than arginine supplementation itself.<\/p>\r\n This translates to promising results. For example, animal studies show a significant increase in anaerobic performance at a 250mg\/kg\/day serving of citrulline, while studies in humans implicate citrulline in both aerobic and anaerobic performance increases. As a critical part of the urea cycle, citrulline’s performance benefits are thought to be a result of its role in ammonia clearance. Citrulline is implicated in reducing the oxygen cost of muscle processes, along with increasing the rate of post-exercise ATP and phosphocreatine replenishment. As ATP and phosphocreatine are the body’s ‘exercise fuel,’ this may result in citrulline delaying time to exhaustion in aerobic and anaerobic exercise.<\/p>\r\n VasoDrive-AP®<\/p>\r\n VasoDrive-AP® is a proprietary ingredient derived from fermented casein. The fermentation process produces two lactotripeptides, Valyl-Prolyl-Proline (VPP) and Isoleucyl-Prolyl-Proline (IPP). Based on the available clinical evidence, these tri-peptides work together to reduce angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE).<\/p>\r\n In a recent meta-analysis researchers found 30 studies – all of which were randomized and some of which were double-blind – wherein Valyl-Prolyl-Proline (VPP) and Isoleucyl-Prolyl-Proline (IPP), either alone or in combination, exerted a statistically significant effect on improving endothelial function. In one of the analyzed studies, 25 men were challenged with casein hydrolysate standardized for tri-peptides in a randomized and placebo-controlled design. At the conclusion of the study, forearm blood flow, a key measure of endothelial function, was found to be increased by 33%. The researchers in this and other studies demonstrate that the tri-peptides that constitute VasoDrive-AP® exert an inhibitory effect on ACE. ACE, in turn, is a critical component of the renin-angiotensin (RAS) system, which regulates hemodynamics by controlling plasma fluid volume. While the precise mechanism has not been elucidated, researchers believe that the lactotripeptides in VasoDrive-AP® competitively inhibit ACE, thus decreasing the metabolism of bradykinin and systematically dilating the arteries and veins.<\/p>\r\n Citrapeak® (glucosyl hesperidin)<\/p>\r\n Citrapeak®, or glucosyl hesperidin, is a unique substance that contains all of the biological functions of standard hesperidin. Hesperidin is a flavonoid commonly found in citrus fruit peels. Some of these functions include increased vasodilation and increased pump factors. Citrapeak® offers these benefits with increased solubility and bioavailability, making it one of the most effective forms of hesperidin there is.<\/p>\r\n In measures of increased blood flow and bioavailability, Citrapeak® was shown to elicit an 18% increase in blood flow when compared against control as well as a feeling of tangible sensations in as little as 30 min. This means that one can receive a quick and efficient pump benefit thus increasing work capacity.<\/p>\r\n The proposed mechanism of action for Citrapeak® and hesperidin is that it can acutely stimulate phosphorylation of Src, Akt, AMP kinase, and endothelial NO synthase to produce NO. This increased NO production, while beneficial from a muscle performance standpoint, can also have a positive effect on other factors as well. Clinical studies have shown that hesperidin can increase flow mediated dilation and reduced concentrations of circulating inflammatory biomarkers, such as C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A protein, and soluble E-selectin. So in addition to the exercise performance benefits that hesperidin can provide, it also has been shown to have positive vasculoprotective actions that can benefit the cardiovascular and circulatory system.<\/p>\r\n Beta Alanine<\/p>\r\n Carnosine is a bit of an odd duck: we know that it is crucial for muscle function, and that dietary sources of caronsine are essential, but we don’t know precisely how it’s working. Moreover, for decades, we had no idea how to increase intramuscular concentrations, as exogenous carnosine sources degraded in the body so fast as to be effectively useless.<\/p>\r\n Enter beta-alanine. Simply a different iteration of one of the amino acids that comprises carnosine itself (alanine), beta-alanine has proven to be the most effective means of significantly increasing intramuscular concentrations of carnosine – and therefore of promoting all of carnosine’s various beneficial effects on muscle performance. If that weren’t enough, beta-alanine has also demonstrated beneficial physiological effects independent of its parent compound. In order to understand why, though, we need to first understand some of the basics behind carnosine itself.<\/p>\r\n Carnosine, a cytoplasmic dipeptide synthesized from the precursors L-histidine and l-alanine, is present in high concentrations in skeletal muscle and plays a pivotal role as a, “chemical buffer” in myocytes (muscle cells). It has long been known that carnosine concentrations are highest in glycolytic, rather than oxidative muscle fibers (roughly speaking, explosive vs., endurance muscle fibers, respectively), and thus long hypothesized that this amino acid is required for sustained performance during supramaximal exercise. Recent research demonstrates that carnosine exerts its physiological effects in long hypoxic (low oxygen) drives by functioning as a high-capacity pH buffer in skeletal muscle, preventing the pH ratio of plasma from dropping too low – and therefore preventing crucial pH-dependent processes such as protein synthesis from being inhibited by acidosis.<\/p>\r\n Despite its critical role in skeletal muscle anaerobic performance, intramyocellular synthesis of carnosine is rate-limited by the availability of l-alanine. Unfortunately, the majority of literature demonstrates that attempting to increase intramuscular levels of carnosine via either direct carnosine or alanine supplementation is largely ineffective due to carnosine\/alanine pharmacokinetics. Enter beta-alanine. Research with beta-alanine demonstrates consistent and dose-dependent increases to intramuscular carnosine concentrations with beta-alanine supplementation, with certain studies showing an increase of 40-60% with chronic administration. These same literature reveal a synergistic effect of exercise on beta-alanine supplementation, whereby the muscle adaptive changes associated with resistance training promote further intramuscular carnosine production in response to beta-alanine supplementation.<\/p>\r\n In simpler language, this essentially means that beta-alanine is a dietary supplement that promotes its own effects in combination with exercise. As you exercise, you simultaneously intensify beta-alanine’s physiological actions – both directly, as well as in the production of intramuscular carnosine. Once ingested, beta-alanine’s exercise-specific beneficial activity is well-established. Elevation of intramuscular caronsine content via beta-alanine supplementation has been shown to improve performance in the following ways.<\/p>\r\n Both acute and chronic increases in total work capacity, measured by total volume during exercise sessions. In total, a significant body of research exists to suggest that beta-alanine may significantly increase muscle power output, strength, training volume and output, overall performance in hypoxic (oxygen-deprived) conditions and peak VO2 max (oxygen holding capacity).<\/p>\r\n These myriad benefits make beta-alanine both one of the most-studied, and most well-rounded dietary supplements. Beta-alanine not only has direct, actionable physiological effects, but also promotes critical muscle physiologic adaptations that promote its own effects.<\/p>\r\n Betaine Anhydrous<\/p>\r\n Betaine (trimethyl glycine) is found naturally in most living organisms. It is well known to protect non-mammalian animal life in conditions of osmotic stress (a rapid change in the amount of solute surrounding a cell), in addition to functioning as an osmolyte in mammalian (including human) tissues. Betaine is formed in cells as an oxidation product of choline and can be obtained in the diet from foods such as spinach and beets.<\/p>\r\n Though data on betaine is limited, and recent, the available literature suggests that this compound may have effects in a few areas. Studies on betaine using servings as little as 1.25g\/day and up to 5g\/day for up to 14 days have shown promising results. In one study, a 2.5g\/day serving was found to enhance endurance and total repetition volume for the squat, bench press, and jump squat in in healthy-exercised trained adults. A similar study using the same serving found that betaine use increased peak power and maximum peak power, along with force and the maintenance of both force and power in healthy, exercise-trained subjects.<\/p>\r\n Perhaps more interesting, however, is a study which examined betaine’s effect on the endocrine system. This study revealed that betaine may exert an effect on several endocrine processes given the proper conditions, causing the authors to hypothesize that long(er) term betaine supplementation may increase the hypertrophic response to resistance training.<\/p>\r\n Senactiv™ (Panax notoginseng (root) and Rosa roxburghii (fruit) extracts)<\/p>\r\n Senactiv®, derived from extracts of Panax notoginseng and Rosa roxburghii, has been shown to act in a few pathways to reenergize and rejuvenate cells within the body that take a beating on a daily basis. Ultimately this product falls within a category known as senolytics, or compounds that primarily work to induce cell death. This may not sound ideal as we need our cells to function, but the key is to ensure that these compounds are working on the right kinds of cells. The human body does contain many senescent cells, which are old cells and can be deteriorating. How these senolytics work to promote health is by speeding up the breakdown of these older cells as well as encouraging the grow of new, vibrant cells. The other benefit of Senactiv® and its ingredients is its ability to protect against muscle damage. Ginseng in particular has been shown to help reduce the proinflammatory state that is associated with rigorous training. Where this is going to benefit is to reduce inflammation and jumpstart the recovery process of torn down muscle fibers so these cells can begin to scar and grow stronger. The other benefit that ginseng has been able to show is it has been shown to improve VO2 mas by about 20% when compared to a control group in studies. This improvement can significantly improve oxygen uptake to increase delivery to muscle cells for the ability to push harder and longer.<\/p>\r\n On another angle of recovery, Senactiv® has been shown to improve the rate of glycogen storage after exercise. When glycogen can be stored efficiently post exercise it has the ability to attenuate the structural damage associated with training by allowing those carbohydrates and sugars going towards recovery.<\/p>\r\n Senactiv® is a unique blend of ingredients but with sound research and application behind but with its benefits towards improved cell regeneration, VO2 max, and recovery, it is a great addition to this hydration product.<\/p>\r\n Taurine<\/p>\r\n Through traditionally referred to as an amino acid due to its chemical structure, taurine is not an amino acid in the sense that leucine, alanine, or glutamine are. Its chemical status aside, taurine is considered one of the body’s most essential chemical compounds, as cardiovascular function, muscle development and function, along with optical and nervous systems in the body depend on its abundance. While data on taurine typically occurs with taurine in supplement combinations (with caffeine and other amino acids), these data nevertheless suggest that dietary supplementation with taurine may have beneficial effects on mental focus and alertness and may assist during times of increased physical exertion.<\/p>\r\n Albion™ Potassium Glycinate Complex<\/p>\r\n Potassium, as sodium’s counterpart, acts as a critical electrolyte primarily by helping to maintain normal levels of fluids inside of our cells. Additionally, it helps muscles to contract and relax, aid in strong nerve function, as well as support normal blood pressure. It works very closely with sodium to create the membrane potential needed for the electrical currents that generate these functions to pass from one cell to the next. While the potassium levels in our body are regulated carefully, a diet lacking sufficient amounts of potassium (especially when combined with excess sodium) or one that contains too much potassium can eventually lead to certain types of dysfunctions and poor health status. When potassium levels in the body increase, the adrenal glands release the hormone aldosterone, which causes the kidneys to excrete excess potassium through the urine. When potassium levels are too low, aldosterone levels are suppressed, which can lead to conservation of potassium thus interfering with balance and negatively affecting transport channels that affect vital bodily functions. Potassium can be gotten from the diet in the form of fresh fruits and vegetables, such as sweet potatoes, beans, tomatoes, spinach and broccoli but supplementing can be an essential application as well to support an active lifestyle where excretion is higher than can be replenished through diet.<\/p>\r\n Sea Salt<\/p>\r\n Sodium is one of the most essential electrolytes for our body to utilize. As sodium is often found bound to chloride as sodium-chloride (salt), their function and benefits are going to be very similar in nature. Sodium helps to keep the water (mainly amount of fluid outside of the body’s cells) and electrolyte balance of the body, while also aiding in the contraction and relaxation of muscles as well as conducting nerve impulses. While only 500mg of sodium is needed per day for these functions to occur, we as active individuals need far more sodium in order to maintain these functions. We mostly lose sodium through sweat and urine, so the more active we are\/the more we sweat and the more we urinate, the more sodium is lost. Acquiring enough sodium through food and drink is crucial to establishing equilibrium again in order to maintain proper functioning and electrolyte balance within the body. The standard American diet is often overloaded with sodium and coupled with inactivity, which can lead to poor health and dysfunction. It is important to engage in physical activity of some kind most days and to eat a diet that is balanced in nutrients in order to maintain proper health.<\/p>\r\n L-Tyrosine<\/p>\r\n Tyrosine is amongst a class of amino acids known as ‘non-essential’ amino acids, so called because the body can produce them endogenously, and it is therefore not essential to consume dietary tyrosine. That said, tyrosine is also what is known as a conditionally-essential amino acid; conditionally-essential because, along with glucose and ammonia, the synthesis of tyrosine additionally requires adequate levels of phenylalanine. Once synthesized, tyrosine is one of the most critical amino acids, given its prominent role as a substrate in the synthesis of the catecholamines dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine, in addition to both T3 (triiodothyronine) and T4 (thyroxine) thyroid hormones.<\/p>\r\n In studies on stress modulation, tyrosine has been demonstrated to reverse stress-induced norepinephrine depletion and the depressant-behavioral effects normally associated with it. In simpler terms, tyrosine may, in certain conditions, dampen the extent to which norepinephrine is removed from the bloodstream during a stress event. In simpler terms still, tyrosine may help to mitigate the sense of depletion and fatigue felt at the end of a workout.<\/p>\r\n Tyrosine may also play important metabolic functions, mostly related to its role in synthesizing compounds which stimulate the nervous system. While not traditionally considered a sympathomimetic amine, studies which have coadministered tyrosine and stimulants demonstrate a synergistic effect. These studies suggest that tyrosine may potentiate the effects of both endogenous and supplemental norepinephrine and its mimetics (in the case of exogenous use) with respect to lipolysis, thermogenesis, and energy expenditure. Meaning that tyrosine may play a role in assisting norepinephrine to break up triglycerides and increase body heat transiently.<\/p>\r\n Alpha GPC 50%<\/p>\r\n Of the known choline pro-drugs or precursors, Alpha GPC appears to have exert the greatest influence on circulating choline levels. Choline is an essential nutrient involved in numerous metabolic pathways, including DNA regulation and repair, protein function, and metabolism. Perhaps most importantly, the critical neurotransmitter acetylcholine is produced directly from free choline via cholinergic neurons. Acetylcholine is then responsible for several functions itself, most crucially as the compound which induces muscular contraction, and as the neuromodulator partially responsible for modulating risk\/reward, arousal, and enhancing memory.<\/p>\r\n Choline’s essential role as a substrate for acetylcholine, and therefore brain development, is well documented in animal models. These studies demonstrate that levels of free maternal choline have a direct and fundamental impact on prenatal brain development, with the enhancements or deficits lasting into adulthood. Choline’s enhancing effect is particularly prominent in the hippocampus. In humans, the hippocampus is primarily involved in the consolidation of memory (taking short, episodic memory and translating it into long-term memory) and the learning of new information. Acetylcholine is a critical component in these processes, as mentioned above, and choline may therefore play a potential role in these processes as well by providing the substrate for acetylcholine synthesis.<\/p>\r\n Whether through these, or other independent mechanisms, a recent trial using Alpha GPC demonstrated a statistically significant increase to power output. In a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized trial, 14 healthy volunteers, split into an Alpha GPC or placebo group, were tested on various exercises. In comparison to the placebo group, the Alpha GPC group experienced a 14% increase to bench press. The researchers hypothesize that the peak power increase was the result of a substantial acute increase to growth hormone, one of the observed effects of Alpha GPC supplementation.<\/p>\r\n Cocoabuterol® Cocoa Extract<\/p>\r\n Cocoabuterol®, made up of the bioactive compounds found in cocoa, has been shown through studies and application to have beneficial factors on fat loss, muscle building, and insulin sensitivity. This ingredient exhibits a mechanism of action in the body to increase cAMP (cyclic adenosine monophosphate) levels, which acts as a second messenger and regulator of many movements exhibited by all three types of cells in the human body. In this context, fat (adipose) tissue epinephrine utilizes cAMP to increase to triglyceride hydrolysis and cardiac (heart) muscle epinephrine utilizes it to increase contraction rate. This action can have positive benefits on body composition and performance.<\/p>\r\n Theobromine, one of the main methylxanthine compounds found in cocoa is primarily effective in the increase of nitric oxide to in the blood stream, which is beneficial to produce the “pump” when ingested pre-workout. Another reaction that can be seen with theobromine is dilation of blood vessels. This can increase blood flow during vigorous exercise leading to increased time to exhaustion but also can pose benefits to individuals who suffer from high blood pressure. Theobromine also has a very high bioavailability and ability to stay in the body for extended periods of time (7-8 hours). Several studies have also looked at the effects of theobromine on human subjects and results have shown its ability to reduce oxidative stress on cells and regulation of gene expression.<\/p>\r\n Cocoabuterol® has also been shown to have positive benefits on reducing oxidative stress in the body. Due to its rich antioxidant properties, it has the ability to fight off free radicals that can be detrimental. In addition to this, the polyphenols that Cocoabuterol® contains have been shown to reduce inflammatory signals within the body that can also be detrimental biomarkers.<\/p>\r\n By now you have read some of the amazing benefits of Cocoabuterol® and why we have included in this recomposition agent. When your goal is maintaining muscle mass, shedding body fat, reducing overall stress, and performing at your peak, we make sure you are equipped with the right ingredients, in the right dosages, and for the right purpose. In summary, Cocoabuterol® does all of these things by:<\/p>\r\n Increasing power output due to elevated NO production via theobromine effects. Pregnenolone, or pregn-5-en-3β-ol-20-one, is known as the grandmother hormone due to its precursor role in the endogenous biosynthesis of most steroid hormones. Pregnenolone also has potent intrinsic activity, however, functioning as a neurosteroid. In that capacity, pregnenolone has been investigated as a mechanistically novel agent for treating cognitive and behavioral symptoms associated with schizophrenia and other mood disorders.<\/p>\r\n Pregnenolone has been demonstrated to enhance learning and memory in animal models at physiologically relevant concentrations. For example, acute administration of pregnenolone or pregnenolone sulfate to rodents results in increased performance along several standardized tests – including maze tests given to rodents to test working memory. Additionally, pregnenolone appears to prevent learning and memory deficits induced by NDMA receptor agonists. These results suggest that pregnenolone’s cognitive functions are at least partially explained by modulating the NMDA receptors – critical receptors involved in numerous neurological processes.<\/p>\r\n Caffeine Anhydrous<\/p>\r\n Caffeine is one of the most widely consumed, and perhaps one of the most reviewed, psychoactive compounds. Its physiological effects in a range of areas have been well-documented, including exercise performance, information processing, alertness and mood enhancement, attention, and awareness, along with its anti-lipogenic and lipolytic abilities.<\/p>\r\n Most importantly to Core FURY, caffeine has been shown to have significant effects on exercise performance, even with ingestion in servings as small 3 to 9mg\/kg\/bw\/day (the equivalent of 2 cups of standard coffee, for a 170lb male). In endurance training, possible explanations for caffeine’s performance-enhancing effects lie in its metabolic effects on both lean and fat tissue. It is suggested that caffeine’s potent lipolytic (the breakdown of fat tissue into fatty acids) and oxidative (the actual ‘burning’ of fat) action allow the body to utilize these sources during prolonged submaximal exercise. As a consequence, muscle glycogen is spared and available for use later in the training session. Practically speaking, this means caffeine is forcing your body to preferentially use fat tissue as a fuel source, while sparing the glycogen which gives you the full-bodied look!<\/p>\r\n In short-term exercise, caffeine’s demonstrated role in the inhibition of cyclic AMP- phosphodiesterases (PDE), adenosine receptor antagonism, and adrenoreceptor agonism come into play. These three pathways collectively stimulate lipolytic activity, boost fat metabolism, increase metabolic rate and energy expenditure, and regulate the body’s thermogenic activity. The practical results of activating these pathways are increases to the contractile force of both cardiac and skeletal muscle (harder flexion), an increase in energy expenditure (freeing up more caloric energy to be used in contraction), dilation of vasculature (better blood flow), and improvements to both nitrogen retention and skeletal muscle protein synthesis (key components to muscle building<\/p>\r\n In Core FURY, we have included a per-serving amount of caffeine that is neither excessive, nor arbitrary, but that instead reflects the servings used in clinical research.<\/p>\r\n Caffeine Citrate<\/p>\r\n Caffeine citrate is not generally seen in the typical sports performance area. It is more commonly prescribed for premature infants for a short time for the treatment of apnea of prematurity. Apnea of prematurity occurs when a premature infant doesn’t breathe for 15-20 seconds during sleep. In addition to this caffeine citrate can at times be prescribed for migraines in some individuals.<\/p>\r\n Recently caffeine citrate has gained some popularity in sports performance as it appears to be able to raise blood caffeine levels faster than other caffeine sources. This allows for a quicker feeling of increased energy. For example, typical caffeine levels peak at about 60-120 minutes post ingestion of caffeine anhydrous, whereas blood levels peak around 30 minutes post-ingestion for caffeine citrate. The one drawback to caffeine citrate is that it provides 50% less caffeine per dose than caffeine anhydrous. The specific blend of caffeine sources we have used in Core FURY V2 compliment each other through differing release times, meaning you will have a quick and effective stimulant feeling with caffeine citrate, a fully dosed serving of caffeine anhydrous, as well as a specific delayed release caffeine in Zum-XR® (outlined below) to give you the quick hitting and long-lasting energy you need to get through your workouts.<\/p>\r\n Zum-XR® Caffeine<\/p>\r\n Züm-XR is a patented coating technology that allows the dissolution profile of certain ingredients, primarily caffeine, to have a longer lasting effect in blood serum levels. The release of those ingredients is initiated by an abrasion in the stomach and pH levels between the stomach and the upper gastrointestinal tract. The coating of the microbead technology is a patented timing system with pharmaceutical grade safe polymers. Comparatively speaking, the dissolution profile of Züm-XR caffeine to your typical immediate release caffeine showed that Züm-XR took a far greater amount of time, well over 120 minutes to complete the process of dissolution.<\/p>\r\n <\/p>\r\n Next Generation PRE-WORKOUT<\/p> \r\n Multi-pathway nitric oxide production With every rep, every mile, every day spent at the gym, your body improves. You could say the latest iteration of our premiere pre-workout, Core FURY, has done the same - but you’d be wrong. This reformulation is more like a tsunami, where the only ingredients left standing in its wake were those with the strongest clinical foundations and indisputable efficacy. Those ingredients were then used as the base around which we built a disruptive, cutting-edge, and revolutionary new product. We’ve not only replaced the old with the new, but created innovative combinations never before seen in a pre-workout formula. In the process, we’ve created a worthy successor to a product known for redefining the category. With that, let us introduce you to FURY Version 2.<\/p>\r\n Core FURY Version 2 is a meticulously crafted combination of key ingredients created to boost athletic performance, hydration, mental clarity, and energy. For athletic performance, muscle pumps, and athletic performance, ingredients such as L-Citrulline, VasoDrive-AP®, Citrapeak®, and Senactiv™, among others, are included at or above serving sizes suggested by clinical research. These ingredients have repeatedly demonstrated improvements in blood flow, hydration, power output, VO2 max, and time to exhaustion. For cognitive capacity, clarity, and focus; L-Tyrosine, Alpha GPC 50%, Cocoabuterol®, and Pregnenolone are also included at, or above, serving sizes suggested by research. Studies using these ingredients have shown to increase working memory, enhance focus, and reduce cognitive fatigue.<\/p>\r\n Together, our performance, pump, hydration, focus and energy blends constitute the latest evolution of the pre-workout formula. Unsurprisingly, Core Nutritionals has, yet again, created a new standard in the entire category.<\/p>\r\n L-Citrulline<\/p>\r\n Citrulline is a non-essential, non-protein amino acid that forms during the urea cycle and forms ornithine when combined with carbon dioxide. Citrulline is also a critical source of endogenous (natural) arginine, as it is rapidly and efficiently converted to arginine in the vascular endothelium and other tissues.<\/p>\r\n Citrulline’s benefits have been shown to be greater than its parent compound. While arginine undergoes direct hepatic (liver) metabolism through the enzyme arginase, citrulline bypasses hepatic metabolism entirely and it is delivered straight to the bloodstream. The result is that gut absorption and plasma (blood) bioavailability studies comparing citrulline and arginine have shown two things. First, that citrulline is less readily destroyed and has greater absorption than arginine. Second, that citrulline supplementation increases arginine levels more effectively than arginine supplementation itself.<\/p>\r\n This translates to promising results. For example, animal studies show a significant increase in anaerobic performance at a 250mg\/kg\/day serving of citrulline, while studies in humans implicate citrulline in both aerobic and anaerobic performance increases. As a critical part of the urea cycle, citrulline’s performance benefits are thought to be a result of its role in ammonia clearance. Citrulline is implicated in reducing the oxygen cost of muscle processes, along with increasing the rate of post-exercise ATP and phosphocreatine replenishment. As ATP and phosphocreatine are the body’s ‘exercise fuel,’ this may result in citrulline delaying time to exhaustion in aerobic and anaerobic exercise.<\/p>\r\n VasoDrive-AP®<\/p>\r\n VasoDrive-AP® is a proprietary ingredient derived from fermented casein. The fermentation process produces two lactotripeptides, Valyl-Prolyl-Proline (VPP) and Isoleucyl-Prolyl-Proline (IPP). Based on the available clinical evidence, these tri-peptides work together to reduce angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE).<\/p>\r\n In a recent meta-analysis researchers found 30 studies – all of which were randomized and some of which were double-blind – wherein Valyl-Prolyl-Proline (VPP) and Isoleucyl-Prolyl-Proline (IPP), either alone or in combination, exerted a statistically significant effect on improving endothelial function. In one of the analyzed studies, 25 men were challenged with casein hydrolysate standardized for tri-peptides in a randomized and placebo-controlled design. At the conclusion of the study, forearm blood flow, a key measure of endothelial function, was found to be increased by 33%. The researchers in this and other studies demonstrate that the tri-peptides that constitute VasoDrive-AP® exert an inhibitory effect on ACE. ACE, in turn, is a critical component of the renin-angiotensin (RAS) system, which regulates hemodynamics by controlling plasma fluid volume. While the precise mechanism has not been elucidated, researchers believe that the lactotripeptides in VasoDrive-AP® competitively inhibit ACE, thus decreasing the metabolism of bradykinin and systematically dilating the arteries and veins.<\/p>\r\n Citrapeak® (glucosyl hesperidin)<\/p>\r\n Citrapeak®, or glucosyl hesperidin, is a unique substance that contains all of the biological functions of standard hesperidin. Hesperidin is a flavonoid commonly found in citrus fruit peels. Some of these functions include increased vasodilation and increased pump factors. Citrapeak® offers these benefits with increased solubility and bioavailability, making it one of the most effective forms of hesperidin there is.<\/p>\r\n In measures of increased blood flow and bioavailability, Citrapeak® was shown to elicit an 18% increase in blood flow when compared against control as well as a feeling of tangible sensations in as little as 30 min. This means that one can receive a quick and efficient pump benefit thus increasing work capacity.<\/p>\r\n The proposed mechanism of action for Citrapeak® and hesperidin is that it can acutely stimulate phosphorylation of Src, Akt, AMP kinase, and endothelial NO synthase to produce NO. This increased NO production, while beneficial from a muscle performance standpoint, can also have a positive effect on other factors as well. Clinical studies have shown that hesperidin can increase flow mediated dilation and reduced concentrations of circulating inflammatory biomarkers, such as C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A protein, and soluble E-selectin. So in addition to the exercise performance benefits that hesperidin can provide, it also has been shown to have positive vasculoprotective actions that can benefit the cardiovascular and circulatory system.<\/p>\r\n Beta Alanine<\/p>\r\n Carnosine is a bit of an odd duck: we know that it is crucial for muscle function, and that dietary sources of caronsine are essential, but we don’t know precisely how it’s working. Moreover, for decades, we had no idea how to increase intramuscular concentrations, as exogenous carnosine sources degraded in the body so fast as to be effectively useless.<\/p>\r\n Enter beta-alanine. Simply a different iteration of one of the amino acids that comprises carnosine itself (alanine), beta-alanine has proven to be the most effective means of significantly increasing intramuscular concentrations of carnosine – and therefore of promoting all of carnosine’s various beneficial effects on muscle performance. If that weren’t enough, beta-alanine has also demonstrated beneficial physiological effects independent of its parent compound. In order to understand why, though, we need to first understand some of the basics behind carnosine itself.<\/p>\r\n Carnosine, a cytoplasmic dipeptide synthesized from the precursors L-histidine and l-alanine, is present in high concentrations in skeletal muscle and plays a pivotal role as a, “chemical buffer” in myocytes (muscle cells). It has long been known that carnosine concentrations are highest in glycolytic, rather than oxidative muscle fibers (roughly speaking, explosive vs., endurance muscle fibers, respectively), and thus long hypothesized that this amino acid is required for sustained performance during supramaximal exercise. Recent research demonstrates that carnosine exerts its physiological effects in long hypoxic (low oxygen) drives by functioning as a high-capacity pH buffer in skeletal muscle, preventing the pH ratio of plasma from dropping too low – and therefore preventing crucial pH-dependent processes such as protein synthesis from being inhibited by acidosis.<\/p>\r\n Despite its critical role in skeletal muscle anaerobic performance, intramyocellular synthesis of carnosine is rate-limited by the availability of l-alanine. Unfortunately, the majority of literature demonstrates that attempting to increase intramuscular levels of carnosine via either direct carnosine or alanine supplementation is largely ineffective due to carnosine\/alanine pharmacokinetics. Enter beta-alanine. Research with beta-alanine demonstrates consistent and dose-dependent increases to intramuscular carnosine concentrations with beta-alanine supplementation, with certain studies showing an increase of 40-60% with chronic administration. These same literature reveal a synergistic effect of exercise on beta-alanine supplementation, whereby the muscle adaptive changes associated with resistance training promote further intramuscular carnosine production in response to beta-alanine supplementation.<\/p>\r\n In simpler language, this essentially means that beta-alanine is a dietary supplement that promotes its own effects in combination with exercise. As you exercise, you simultaneously intensify beta-alanine’s physiological actions – both directly, as well as in the production of intramuscular carnosine. Once ingested, beta-alanine’s exercise-specific beneficial activity is well-established. Elevation of intramuscular caronsine content via beta-alanine supplementation has been shown to improve performance in the following ways.<\/p>\r\n Both acute and chronic increases in total work capacity, measured by total volume during exercise sessions. In total, a significant body of research exists to suggest that beta-alanine may significantly increase muscle power output, strength, training volume and output, overall performance in hypoxic (oxygen-deprived) conditions and peak VO2 max (oxygen holding capacity).<\/p>\r\n These myriad benefits make beta-alanine both one of the most-studied, and most well-rounded dietary supplements. Beta-alanine not only has direct, actionable physiological effects, but also promotes critical muscle physiologic adaptations that promote its own effects.<\/p>\r\n Betaine Anhydrous<\/p>\r\n Betaine (trimethyl glycine) is found naturally in most living organisms. It is well known to protect non-mammalian animal life in conditions of osmotic stress (a rapid change in the amount of solute surrounding a cell), in addition to functioning as an osmolyte in mammalian (including human) tissues. Betaine is formed in cells as an oxidation product of choline and can be obtained in the diet from foods such as spinach and beets.<\/p>\r\n Though data on betaine is limited, and recent, the available literature suggests that this compound may have effects in a few areas. Studies on betaine using servings as little as 1.25g\/day and up to 5g\/day for up to 14 days have shown promising results. In one study, a 2.5g\/day serving was found to enhance endurance and total repetition volume for the squat, bench press, and jump squat in in healthy-exercised trained adults. A similar study using the same serving found that betaine use increased peak power and maximum peak power, along with force and the maintenance of both force and power in healthy, exercise-trained subjects.<\/p>\r\n Perhaps more interesting, however, is a study which examined betaine’s effect on the endocrine system. This study revealed that betaine may exert an effect on several endocrine processes given the proper conditions, causing the authors to hypothesize that long(er) term betaine supplementation may increase the hypertrophic response to resistance training.<\/p>\r\n Senactiv™ (Panax notoginseng (root) and Rosa roxburghii (fruit) extracts)<\/p>\r\n Senactiv®, derived from extracts of Panax notoginseng and Rosa roxburghii, has been shown to act in a few pathways to reenergize and rejuvenate cells within the body that take a beating on a daily basis. Ultimately this product falls within a category known as senolytics, or compounds that primarily work to induce cell death. This may not sound ideal as we need our cells to function, but the key is to ensure that these compounds are working on the right kinds of cells. The human body does contain many senescent cells, which are old cells and can be deteriorating. How these senolytics work to promote health is by speeding up the breakdown of these older cells as well as encouraging the grow of new, vibrant cells. The other benefit of Senactiv® and its ingredients is its ability to protect against muscle damage. Ginseng in particular has been shown to help reduce the proinflammatory state that is associated with rigorous training. Where this is going to benefit is to reduce inflammation and jumpstart the recovery process of torn down muscle fibers so these cells can begin to scar and grow stronger. The other benefit that ginseng has been able to show is it has been shown to improve VO2 mas by about 20% when compared to a control group in studies. This improvement can significantly improve oxygen uptake to increase delivery to muscle cells for the ability to push harder and longer.<\/p>\r\n On another angle of recovery, Senactiv® has been shown to improve the rate of glycogen storage after exercise. When glycogen can be stored efficiently post exercise it has the ability to attenuate the structural damage associated with training by allowing those carbohydrates and sugars going towards recovery.<\/p>\r\n Senactiv® is a unique blend of ingredients but with sound research and application behind but with its benefits towards improved cell regeneration, VO2 max, and recovery, it is a great addition to this hydration product.<\/p>\r\n Taurine<\/p>\r\n Through traditionally referred to as an amino acid due to its chemical structure, taurine is not an amino acid in the sense that leucine, alanine, or glutamine are. Its chemical status aside, taurine is considered one of the body’s most essential chemical compounds, as cardiovascular function, muscle development and function, along with optical and nervous systems in the body depend on its abundance. While data on taurine typically occurs with taurine in supplement combinations (with caffeine and other amino acids), these data nevertheless suggest that dietary supplementation with taurine may have beneficial effects on mental focus and alertness and may assist during times of increased physical exertion.<\/p>\r\n Albion™ Potassium Glycinate Complex<\/p>\r\n Potassium, as sodium’s counterpart, acts as a critical electrolyte primarily by helping to maintain normal levels of fluids inside of our cells. Additionally, it helps muscles to contract and relax, aid in strong nerve function, as well as support normal blood pressure. It works very closely with sodium to create the membrane potential needed for the electrical currents that generate these functions to pass from one cell to the next. While the potassium levels in our body are regulated carefully, a diet lacking sufficient amounts of potassium (especially when combined with excess sodium) or one that contains too much potassium can eventually lead to certain types of dysfunctions and poor health status. When potassium levels in the body increase, the adrenal glands release the hormone aldosterone, which causes the kidneys to excrete excess potassium through the urine. When potassium levels are too low, aldosterone levels are suppressed, which can lead to conservation of potassium thus interfering with balance and negatively affecting transport channels that affect vital bodily functions. Potassium can be gotten from the diet in the form of fresh fruits and vegetables, such as sweet potatoes, beans, tomatoes, spinach and broccoli but supplementing can be an essential application as well to support an active lifestyle where excretion is higher than can be replenished through diet.<\/p>\r\n Sea Salt<\/p>\r\n Sodium is one of the most essential electrolytes for our body to utilize. As sodium is often found bound to chloride as sodium-chloride (salt), their function and benefits are going to be very similar in nature. Sodium helps to keep the water (mainly amount of fluid outside of the body’s cells) and electrolyte balance of the body, while also aiding in the contraction and relaxation of muscles as well as conducting nerve impulses. While only 500mg of sodium is needed per day for these functions to occur, we as active individuals need far more sodium in order to maintain these functions. We mostly lose sodium through sweat and urine, so the more active we are\/the more we sweat and the more we urinate, the more sodium is lost. Acquiring enough sodium through food and drink is crucial to establishing equilibrium again in order to maintain proper functioning and electrolyte balance within the body. The standard American diet is often overloaded with sodium and coupled with inactivity, which can lead to poor health and dysfunction. It is important to engage in physical activity of some kind most days and to eat a diet that is balanced in nutrients in order to maintain proper health.<\/p>\r\n L-Tyrosine<\/p>\r\n Tyrosine is amongst a class of amino acids known as ‘non-essential’ amino acids, so called because the body can produce them endogenously, and it is therefore not essential to consume dietary tyrosine. That said, tyrosine is also what is known as a conditionally-essential amino acid; conditionally-essential because, along with glucose and ammonia, the synthesis of tyrosine additionally requires adequate levels of phenylalanine. Once synthesized, tyrosine is one of the most critical amino acids, given its prominent role as a substrate in the synthesis of the catecholamines dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine, in addition to both T3 (triiodothyronine) and T4 (thyroxine) thyroid hormones.<\/p>\r\n In studies on stress modulation, tyrosine has been demonstrated to reverse stress-induced norepinephrine depletion and the depressant-behavioral effects normally associated with it. In simpler terms, tyrosine may, in certain conditions, dampen the extent to which norepinephrine is removed from the bloodstream during a stress event. In simpler terms still, tyrosine may help to mitigate the sense of depletion and fatigue felt at the end of a workout.<\/p>\r\n Tyrosine may also play important metabolic functions, mostly related to its role in synthesizing compounds which stimulate the nervous system. While not traditionally considered a sympathomimetic amine, studies which have coadministered tyrosine and stimulants demonstrate a synergistic effect. These studies suggest that tyrosine may potentiate the effects of both endogenous and supplemental norepinephrine and its mimetics (in the case of exogenous use) with respect to lipolysis, thermogenesis, and energy expenditure. Meaning that tyrosine may play a role in assisting norepinephrine to break up triglycerides and increase body heat transiently.<\/p>\r\n Alpha GPC 50%<\/p>\r\n Of the known choline pro-drugs or precursors, Alpha GPC appears to have exert the greatest influence on circulating choline levels. Choline is an essential nutrient involved in numerous metabolic pathways, including DNA regulation and repair, protein function, and metabolism. Perhaps most importantly, the critical neurotransmitter acetylcholine is produced directly from free choline via cholinergic neurons. Acetylcholine is then responsible for several functions itself, most crucially as the compound which induces muscular contraction, and as the neuromodulator partially responsible for modulating risk\/reward, arousal, and enhancing memory.<\/p>\r\n Choline’s essential role as a substrate for acetylcholine, and therefore brain development, is well documented in animal models. These studies demonstrate that levels of free maternal choline have a direct and fundamental impact on prenatal brain development, with the enhancements or deficits lasting into adulthood. Choline’s enhancing effect is particularly prominent in the hippocampus. In humans, the hippocampus is primarily involved in the consolidation of memory (taking short, episodic memory and translating it into long-term memory) and the learning of new information. Acetylcholine is a critical component in these processes, as mentioned above, and choline may therefore play a potential role in these processes as well by providing the substrate for acetylcholine synthesis.<\/p>\r\n Whether through these, or other independent mechanisms, a recent trial using Alpha GPC demonstrated a statistically significant increase to power output. In a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized trial, 14 healthy volunteers, split into an Alpha GPC or placebo group, were tested on various exercises. In comparison to the placebo group, the Alpha GPC group experienced a 14% increase to bench press. The researchers hypothesize that the peak power increase was the result of a substantial acute increase to growth hormone, one of the observed effects of Alpha GPC supplementation.<\/p>\r\n Cocoabuterol® Cocoa Extract<\/p>\r\n Cocoabuterol®, made up of the bioactive compounds found in cocoa, has been shown through studies and application to have beneficial factors on fat loss, muscle building, and insulin sensitivity. This ingredient exhibits a mechanism of action in the body to increase cAMP (cyclic adenosine monophosphate) levels, which acts as a second messenger and regulator of many movements exhibited by all three types of cells in the human body. In this context, fat (adipose) tissue epinephrine utilizes cAMP to increase to triglyceride hydrolysis and cardiac (heart) muscle epinephrine utilizes it to increase contraction rate. This action can have positive benefits on body composition and performance.<\/p>\r\n Theobromine, one of the main methylxanthine compounds found in cocoa is primarily effective in the increase of nitric oxide to in the blood stream, which is beneficial to produce the “pump” when ingested pre-workout. Another reaction that can be seen with theobromine is dilation of blood vessels. This can increase blood flow during vigorous exercise leading to increased time to exhaustion but also can pose benefits to individuals who suffer from high blood pressure. Theobromine also has a very high bioavailability and ability to stay in the body for extended periods of time (7-8 hours). Several studies have also looked at the effects of theobromine on human subjects and results have shown its ability to reduce oxidative stress on cells and regulation of gene expression.<\/p>\r\n Cocoabuterol® has also been shown to have positive benefits on reducing oxidative stress in the body. Due to its rich antioxidant properties, it has the ability to fight off free radicals that can be detrimental. In addition to this, the polyphenols that Cocoabuterol® contains have been shown to reduce inflammatory signals within the body that can also be detrimental biomarkers.<\/p>\r\n By now you have read some of the amazing benefits of Cocoabuterol® and why we have included in this recomposition agent. When your goal is maintaining muscle mass, shedding body fat, reducing overall stress, and performing at your peak, we make sure you are equipped with the right ingredients, in the right dosages, and for the right purpose. In summary, Cocoabuterol® does all of these things by:<\/p>\r\n Increasing power output due to elevated NO production via theobromine effects. Pregnenolone, or pregn-5-en-3β-ol-20-one, is known as the grandmother hormone due to its precursor role in the endogenous biosynthesis of most steroid hormones. Pregnenolone also has potent intrinsic activity, however, functioning as a neurosteroid. In that capacity, pregnenolone has been investigated as a mechanistically novel agent for treating cognitive and behavioral symptoms associated with schizophrenia and other mood disorders.<\/p>\r\n Pregnenolone has been demonstrated to enhance learning and memory in animal models at physiologically relevant concentrations. For example, acute administration of pregnenolone or pregnenolone sulfate to rodents results in increased performance along several standardized tests – including maze tests given to rodents to test working memory. Additionally, pregnenolone appears to prevent learning and memory deficits induced by NDMA receptor agonists. These results suggest that pregnenolone’s cognitive functions are at least partially explained by modulating the NMDA receptors – critical receptors involved in numerous neurological processes.<\/p>\r\n Caffeine Anhydrous<\/p>\r\n Caffeine is one of the most widely consumed, and perhaps one of the most reviewed, psychoactive compounds. Its physiological effects in a range of areas have been well-documented, including exercise performance, information processing, alertness and mood enhancement, attention, and awareness, along with its anti-lipogenic and lipolytic abilities.<\/p>\r\n Most importantly to Core FURY, caffeine has been shown to have significant effects on exercise performance, even with ingestion in servings as small 3 to 9mg\/kg\/bw\/day (the equivalent of 2 cups of standard coffee, for a 170lb male). In endurance training, possible explanations for caffeine’s performance-enhancing effects lie in its metabolic effects on both lean and fat tissue. It is suggested that caffeine’s potent lipolytic (the breakdown of fat tissue into fatty acids) and oxidative (the actual ‘burning’ of fat) action allow the body to utilize these sources during prolonged submaximal exercise. As a consequence, muscle glycogen is spared and available for use later in the training session. Practically speaking, this means caffeine is forcing your body to preferentially use fat tissue as a fuel source, while sparing the glycogen which gives you the full-bodied look!<\/p>\r\n In short-term exercise, caffeine’s demonstrated role in the inhibition of cyclic AMP- phosphodiesterases (PDE), adenosine receptor antagonism, and adrenoreceptor agonism come into play. These three pathways collectively stimulate lipolytic activity, boost fat metabolism, increase metabolic rate and energy expenditure, and regulate the body’s thermogenic activity. The practical results of activating these pathways are increases to the contractile force of both cardiac and skeletal muscle (harder flexion), an increase in energy expenditure (freeing up more caloric energy to be used in contraction), dilation of vasculature (better blood flow), and improvements to both nitrogen retention and skeletal muscle protein synthesis (key components to muscle building<\/p>\r\n In Core FURY, we have included a per-serving amount of caffeine that is neither excessive, nor arbitrary, but that instead reflects the servings used in clinical research.<\/p>\r\n Caffeine Citrate<\/p>\r\n Caffeine citrate is not generally seen in the typical sports performance area. It is more commonly prescribed for premature infants for a short time for the treatment of apnea of prematurity. Apnea of prematurity occurs when a premature infant doesn’t breathe for 15-20 seconds during sleep. In addition to this caffeine citrate can at times be prescribed for migraines in some individuals.<\/p>\r\n Recently caffeine citrate has gained some popularity in sports performance as it appears to be able to raise blood caffeine levels faster than other caffeine sources. This allows for a quicker feeling of increased energy. For example, typical caffeine levels peak at about 60-120 minutes post ingestion of caffeine anhydrous, whereas blood levels peak around 30 minutes post-ingestion for caffeine citrate. The one drawback to caffeine citrate is that it provides 50% less caffeine per dose than caffeine anhydrous. The specific blend of caffeine sources we have used in Core FURY V2 compliment each other through differing release times, meaning you will have a quick and effective stimulant feeling with caffeine citrate, a fully dosed serving of caffeine anhydrous, as well as a specific delayed release caffeine in Zum-XR® (outlined below) to give you the quick hitting and long-lasting energy you need to get through your workouts.<\/p>\r\n Zum-XR® Caffeine<\/p>\r\n Züm-XR is a patented coating technology that allows the dissolution profile of certain ingredients, primarily caffeine, to have a longer lasting effect in blood serum levels. The release of those ingredients is initiated by an abrasion in the stomach and pH levels between the stomach and the upper gastrointestinal tract. The coating of the microbead technology is a patented timing system with pharmaceutical grade safe polymers. Comparatively speaking, the dissolution profile of Züm-XR caffeine to your typical immediate release caffeine showed that Züm-XR took a far greater amount of time, well over 120 minutes to complete the process of dissolution.<\/p>\r\n <\/p>\r\n Next Generation PRE-WORKOUT<\/p> \r\n Multi-pathway nitric oxide production With every rep, every mile, every day spent at the gym, your body improves. You could say the latest iteration of our premiere pre-workout, Core FURY, has done the same - but you’d be wrong. This reformulation is more like a tsunami, where the only ingredients left standing in its wake were those with the strongest clinical foundations and indisputable efficacy. Those ingredients were then used as the base around which we built a disruptive, cutting-edge, and revolutionary new product. We’ve not only replaced the old with the new, but created innovative combinations never before seen in a pre-workout formula. In the process, we’ve created a worthy successor to a product known for redefining the category. With that, let us introduce you to FURY Version 2.<\/p>\r\n Core FURY Version 2 is a meticulously crafted combination of key ingredients created to boost athletic performance, hydration, mental clarity, and energy. For athletic performance, muscle pumps, and athletic performance, ingredients such as L-Citrulline, VasoDrive-AP®, Citrapeak®, and Senactiv™, among others, are included at or above serving sizes suggested by clinical research. These ingredients have repeatedly demonstrated improvements in blood flow, hydration, power output, VO2 max, and time to exhaustion. For cognitive capacity, clarity, and focus; L-Tyrosine, Alpha GPC 50%, Cocoabuterol®, and Pregnenolone are also included at, or above, serving sizes suggested by research. Studies using these ingredients have shown to increase working memory, enhance focus, and reduce cognitive fatigue.<\/p>\r\n Together, our performance, pump, hydration, focus and energy blends constitute the latest evolution of the pre-workout formula. Unsurprisingly, Core Nutritionals has, yet again, created a new standard in the entire category.<\/p>\r\n L-Citrulline<\/p>\r\n Citrulline is a non-essential, non-protein amino acid that forms during the urea cycle and forms ornithine when combined with carbon dioxide. Citrulline is also a critical source of endogenous (natural) arginine, as it is rapidly and efficiently converted to arginine in the vascular endothelium and other tissues.<\/p>\r\n Citrulline’s benefits have been shown to be greater than its parent compound. While arginine undergoes direct hepatic (liver) metabolism through the enzyme arginase, citrulline bypasses hepatic metabolism entirely and it is delivered straight to the bloodstream. The result is that gut absorption and plasma (blood) bioavailability studies comparing citrulline and arginine have shown two things. First, that citrulline is less readily destroyed and has greater absorption than arginine. Second, that citrulline supplementation increases arginine levels more effectively than arginine supplementation itself.<\/p>\r\n This translates to promising results. For example, animal studies show a significant increase in anaerobic performance at a 250mg\/kg\/day serving of citrulline, while studies in humans implicate citrulline in both aerobic and anaerobic performance increases. As a critical part of the urea cycle, citrulline’s performance benefits are thought to be a result of its role in ammonia clearance. Citrulline is implicated in reducing the oxygen cost of muscle processes, along with increasing the rate of post-exercise ATP and phosphocreatine replenishment. As ATP and phosphocreatine are the body’s ‘exercise fuel,’ this may result in citrulline delaying time to exhaustion in aerobic and anaerobic exercise.<\/p>\r\n VasoDrive-AP®<\/p>\r\n VasoDrive-AP® is a proprietary ingredient derived from fermented casein. The fermentation process produces two lactotripeptides, Valyl-Prolyl-Proline (VPP) and Isoleucyl-Prolyl-Proline (IPP). Based on the available clinical evidence, these tri-peptides work together to reduce angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE).<\/p>\r\n In a recent meta-analysis researchers found 30 studies – all of which were randomized and some of which were double-blind – wherein Valyl-Prolyl-Proline (VPP) and Isoleucyl-Prolyl-Proline (IPP), either alone or in combination, exerted a statistically significant effect on improving endothelial function. In one of the analyzed studies, 25 men were challenged with casein hydrolysate standardized for tri-peptides in a randomized and placebo-controlled design. At the conclusion of the study, forearm blood flow, a key measure of endothelial function, was found to be increased by 33%. The researchers in this and other studies demonstrate that the tri-peptides that constitute VasoDrive-AP® exert an inhibitory effect on ACE. ACE, in turn, is a critical component of the renin-angiotensin (RAS) system, which regulates hemodynamics by controlling plasma fluid volume. While the precise mechanism has not been elucidated, researchers believe that the lactotripeptides in VasoDrive-AP® competitively inhibit ACE, thus decreasing the metabolism of bradykinin and systematically dilating the arteries and veins.<\/p>\r\n Citrapeak® (glucosyl hesperidin)<\/p>\r\n Citrapeak®, or glucosyl hesperidin, is a unique substance that contains all of the biological functions of standard hesperidin. Hesperidin is a flavonoid commonly found in citrus fruit peels. Some of these functions include increased vasodilation and increased pump factors. Citrapeak® offers these benefits with increased solubility and bioavailability, making it one of the most effective forms of hesperidin there is.<\/p>\r\n In measures of increased blood flow and bioavailability, Citrapeak® was shown to elicit an 18% increase in blood flow when compared against control as well as a feeling of tangible sensations in as little as 30 min. This means that one can receive a quick and efficient pump benefit thus increasing work capacity.<\/p>\r\n The proposed mechanism of action for Citrapeak® and hesperidin is that it can acutely stimulate phosphorylation of Src, Akt, AMP kinase, and endothelial NO synthase to produce NO. This increased NO production, while beneficial from a muscle performance standpoint, can also have a positive effect on other factors as well. Clinical studies have shown that hesperidin can increase flow mediated dilation and reduced concentrations of circulating inflammatory biomarkers, such as C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A protein, and soluble E-selectin. So in addition to the exercise performance benefits that hesperidin can provide, it also has been shown to have positive vasculoprotective actions that can benefit the cardiovascular and circulatory system.<\/p>\r\n Beta Alanine<\/p>\r\n Carnosine is a bit of an odd duck: we know that it is crucial for muscle function, and that dietary sources of caronsine are essential, but we don’t know precisely how it’s working. Moreover, for decades, we had no idea how to increase intramuscular concentrations, as exogenous carnosine sources degraded in the body so fast as to be effectively useless.<\/p>\r\n Enter beta-alanine. Simply a different iteration of one of the amino acids that comprises carnosine itself (alanine), beta-alanine has proven to be the most effective means of significantly increasing intramuscular concentrations of carnosine – and therefore of promoting all of carnosine’s various beneficial effects on muscle performance. If that weren’t enough, beta-alanine has also demonstrated beneficial physiological effects independent of its parent compound. In order to understand why, though, we need to first understand some of the basics behind carnosine itself.<\/p>\r\n Carnosine, a cytoplasmic dipeptide synthesized from the precursors L-histidine and l-alanine, is present in high concentrations in skeletal muscle and plays a pivotal role as a, “chemical buffer” in myocytes (muscle cells). It has long been known that carnosine concentrations are highest in glycolytic, rather than oxidative muscle fibers (roughly speaking, explosive vs., endurance muscle fibers, respectively), and thus long hypothesized that this amino acid is required for sustained performance during supramaximal exercise. Recent research demonstrates that carnosine exerts its physiological effects in long hypoxic (low oxygen) drives by functioning as a high-capacity pH buffer in skeletal muscle, preventing the pH ratio of plasma from dropping too low – and therefore preventing crucial pH-dependent processes such as protein synthesis from being inhibited by acidosis.<\/p>\r\n Despite its critical role in skeletal muscle anaerobic performance, intramyocellular synthesis of carnosine is rate-limited by the availability of l-alanine. Unfortunately, the majority of literature demonstrates that attempting to increase intramuscular levels of carnosine via either direct carnosine or alanine supplementation is largely ineffective due to carnosine\/alanine pharmacokinetics. Enter beta-alanine. Research with beta-alanine demonstrates consistent and dose-dependent increases to intramuscular carnosine concentrations with beta-alanine supplementation, with certain studies showing an increase of 40-60% with chronic administration. These same literature reveal a synergistic effect of exercise on beta-alanine supplementation, whereby the muscle adaptive changes associated with resistance training promote further intramuscular carnosine production in response to beta-alanine supplementation.<\/p>\r\n In simpler language, this essentially means that beta-alanine is a dietary supplement that promotes its own effects in combination with exercise. As you exercise, you simultaneously intensify beta-alanine’s physiological actions – both directly, as well as in the production of intramuscular carnosine. Once ingested, beta-alanine’s exercise-specific beneficial activity is well-established. Elevation of intramuscular caronsine content via beta-alanine supplementation has been shown to improve performance in the following ways.<\/p>\r\n Both acute and chronic increases in total work capacity, measured by total volume during exercise sessions. In total, a significant body of research exists to suggest that beta-alanine may significantly increase muscle power output, strength, training volume and output, overall performance in hypoxic (oxygen-deprived) conditions and peak VO2 max (oxygen holding capacity).<\/p>\r\n These myriad benefits make beta-alanine both one of the most-studied, and most well-rounded dietary supplements. Beta-alanine not only has direct, actionable physiological effects, but also promotes critical muscle physiologic adaptations that promote its own effects.<\/p>\r\n Betaine Anhydrous<\/p>\r\n Betaine (trimethyl glycine) is found naturally in most living organisms. It is well known to protect non-mammalian animal life in conditions of osmotic stress (a rapid change in the amount of solute surrounding a cell), in addition to functioning as an osmolyte in mammalian (including human) tissues. Betaine is formed in cells as an oxidation product of choline and can be obtained in the diet from foods such as spinach and beets.<\/p>\r\n Though data on betaine is limited, and recent, the available literature suggests that this compound may have effects in a few areas. Studies on betaine using servings as little as 1.25g\/day and up to 5g\/day for up to 14 days have shown promising results. In one study, a 2.5g\/day serving was found to enhance endurance and total repetition volume for the squat, bench press, and jump squat in in healthy-exercised trained adults. A similar study using the same serving found that betaine use increased peak power and maximum peak power, along with force and the maintenance of both force and power in healthy, exercise-trained subjects.<\/p>\r\n Perhaps more interesting, however, is a study which examined betaine’s effect on the endocrine system. This study revealed that betaine may exert an effect on several endocrine processes given the proper conditions, causing the authors to hypothesize that long(er) term betaine supplementation may increase the hypertrophic response to resistance training.<\/p>\r\n Senactiv™ (Panax notoginseng (root) and Rosa roxburghii (fruit) extracts)<\/p>\r\n Senactiv®, derived from extracts of Panax notoginseng and Rosa roxburghii, has been shown to act in a few pathways to reenergize and rejuvenate cells within the body that take a beating on a daily basis. Ultimately this product falls within a category known as senolytics, or compounds that primarily work to induce cell death. This may not sound ideal as we need our cells to function, but the key is to ensure that these compounds are working on the right kinds of cells. The human body does contain many senescent cells, which are old cells and can be deteriorating. How these senolytics work to promote health is by speeding up the breakdown of these older cells as well as encouraging the grow of new, vibrant cells. The other benefit of Senactiv® and its ingredients is its ability to protect against muscle damage. Ginseng in particular has been shown to help reduce the proinflammatory state that is associated with rigorous training. Where this is going to benefit is to reduce inflammation and jumpstart the recovery process of torn down muscle fibers so these cells can begin to scar and grow stronger. The other benefit that ginseng has been able to show is it has been shown to improve VO2 mas by about 20% when compared to a control group in studies. This improvement can significantly improve oxygen uptake to increase delivery to muscle cells for the ability to push harder and longer.<\/p>\r\n On another angle of recovery, Senactiv® has been shown to improve the rate of glycogen storage after exercise. When glycogen can be stored efficiently post exercise it has the ability to attenuate the structural damage associated with training by allowing those carbohydrates and sugars going towards recovery.<\/p>\r\n Senactiv® is a unique blend of ingredients but with sound research and application behind but with its benefits towards improved cell regeneration, VO2 max, and recovery, it is a great addition to this hydration product.<\/p>\r\n Taurine<\/p>\r\n Through traditionally referred to as an amino acid due to its chemical structure, taurine is not an amino acid in the sense that leucine, alanine, or glutamine are. Its chemical status aside, taurine is considered one of the body’s most essential chemical compounds, as cardiovascular function, muscle development and function, along with optical and nervous systems in the body depend on its abundance. While data on taurine typically occurs with taurine in supplement combinations (with caffeine and other amino acids), these data nevertheless suggest that dietary supplementation with taurine may have beneficial effects on mental focus and alertness and may assist during times of increased physical exertion.<\/p>\r\n Albion™ Potassium Glycinate Complex<\/p>\r\n Potassium, as sodium’s counterpart, acts as a critical electrolyte primarily by helping to maintain normal levels of fluids inside of our cells. Additionally, it helps muscles to contract and relax, aid in strong nerve function, as well as support normal blood pressure. It works very closely with sodium to create the membrane potential needed for the electrical currents that generate these functions to pass from one cell to the next. While the potassium levels in our body are regulated carefully, a diet lacking sufficient amounts of potassium (especially when combined with excess sodium) or one that contains too much potassium can eventually lead to certain types of dysfunctions and poor health status. When potassium levels in the body increase, the adrenal glands release the hormone aldosterone, which causes the kidneys to excrete excess potassium through the urine. When potassium levels are too low, aldosterone levels are suppressed, which can lead to conservation of potassium thus interfering with balance and negatively affecting transport channels that affect vital bodily functions. Potassium can be gotten from the diet in the form of fresh fruits and vegetables, such as sweet potatoes, beans, tomatoes, spinach and broccoli but supplementing can be an essential application as well to support an active lifestyle where excretion is higher than can be replenished through diet.<\/p>\r\n Sea Salt<\/p>\r\n Sodium is one of the most essential electrolytes for our body to utilize. As sodium is often found bound to chloride as sodium-chloride (salt), their function and benefits are going to be very similar in nature. Sodium helps to keep the water (mainly amount of fluid outside of the body’s cells) and electrolyte balance of the body, while also aiding in the contraction and relaxation of muscles as well as conducting nerve impulses. While only 500mg of sodium is needed per day for these functions to occur, we as active individuals need far more sodium in order to maintain these functions. We mostly lose sodium through sweat and urine, so the more active we are\/the more we sweat and the more we urinate, the more sodium is lost. Acquiring enough sodium through food and drink is crucial to establishing equilibrium again in order to maintain proper functioning and electrolyte balance within the body. The standard American diet is often overloaded with sodium and coupled with inactivity, which can lead to poor health and dysfunction. It is important to engage in physical activity of some kind most days and to eat a diet that is balanced in nutrients in order to maintain proper health.<\/p>\r\n L-Tyrosine<\/p>\r\n Tyrosine is amongst a class of amino acids known as ‘non-essential’ amino acids, so called because the body can produce them endogenously, and it is therefore not essential to consume dietary tyrosine. That said, tyrosine is also what is known as a conditionally-essential amino acid; conditionally-essential because, along with glucose and ammonia, the synthesis of tyrosine additionally requires adequate levels of phenylalanine. Once synthesized, tyrosine is one of the most critical amino acids, given its prominent role as a substrate in the synthesis of the catecholamines dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine, in addition to both T3 (triiodothyronine) and T4 (thyroxine) thyroid hormones.<\/p>\r\n In studies on stress modulation, tyrosine has been demonstrated to reverse stress-induced norepinephrine depletion and the depressant-behavioral effects normally associated with it. In simpler terms, tyrosine may, in certain conditions, dampen the extent to which norepinephrine is removed from the bloodstream during a stress event. In simpler terms still, tyrosine may help to mitigate the sense of depletion and fatigue felt at the end of a workout.<\/p>\r\n Tyrosine may also play important metabolic functions, mostly related to its role in synthesizing compounds which stimulate the nervous system. While not traditionally considered a sympathomimetic amine, studies which have coadministered tyrosine and stimulants demonstrate a synergistic effect. These studies suggest that tyrosine may potentiate the effects of both endogenous and supplemental norepinephrine and its mimetics (in the case of exogenous use) with respect to lipolysis, thermogenesis, and energy expenditure. Meaning that tyrosine may play a role in assisting norepinephrine to break up triglycerides and increase body heat transiently.<\/p>\r\n Alpha GPC 50%<\/p>\r\n Of the known choline pro-drugs or precursors, Alpha GPC appears to have exert the greatest influence on circulating choline levels. Choline is an essential nutrient involved in numerous metabolic pathways, including DNA regulation and repair, protein function, and metabolism. Perhaps most importantly, the critical neurotransmitter acetylcholine is produced directly from free choline via cholinergic neurons. Acetylcholine is then responsible for several functions itself, most crucially as the compound which induces muscular contraction, and as the neuromodulator partially responsible for modulating risk\/reward, arousal, and enhancing memory.<\/p>\r\n Choline’s essential role as a substrate for acetylcholine, and therefore brain development, is well documented in animal models. These studies demonstrate that levels of free maternal choline have a direct and fundamental impact on prenatal brain development, with the enhancements or deficits lasting into adulthood. Choline’s enhancing effect is particularly prominent in the hippocampus. In humans, the hippocampus is primarily involved in the consolidation of memory (taking short, episodic memory and translating it into long-term memory) and the learning of new information. Acetylcholine is a critical component in these processes, as mentioned above, and choline may therefore play a potential role in these processes as well by providing the substrate for acetylcholine synthesis.<\/p>\r\n Whether through these, or other independent mechanisms, a recent trial using Alpha GPC demonstrated a statistically significant increase to power output. In a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized trial, 14 healthy volunteers, split into an Alpha GPC or placebo group, were tested on various exercises. In comparison to the placebo group, the Alpha GPC group experienced a 14% increase to bench press. The researchers hypothesize that the peak power increase was the result of a substantial acute increase to growth hormone, one of the observed effects of Alpha GPC supplementation.<\/p>\r\n Cocoabuterol® Cocoa Extract<\/p>\r\n Cocoabuterol®, made up of the bioactive compounds found in cocoa, has been shown through studies and application to have beneficial factors on fat loss, muscle building, and insulin sensitivity. This ingredient exhibits a mechanism of action in the body to increase cAMP (cyclic adenosine monophosphate) levels, which acts as a second messenger and regulator of many movements exhibited by all three types of cells in the human body. In this context, fat (adipose) tissue epinephrine utilizes cAMP to increase to triglyceride hydrolysis and cardiac (heart) muscle epinephrine utilizes it to increase contraction rate. This action can have positive benefits on body composition and performance.<\/p>\r\n Theobromine, one of the main methylxanthine compounds found in cocoa is primarily effective in the increase of nitric oxide to in the blood stream, which is beneficial to produce the “pump” when ingested pre-workout. Another reaction that can be seen with theobromine is dilation of blood vessels. This can increase blood flow during vigorous exercise leading to increased time to exhaustion but also can pose benefits to individuals who suffer from high blood pressure. Theobromine also has a very high bioavailability and ability to stay in the body for extended periods of time (7-8 hours). Several studies have also looked at the effects of theobromine on human subjects and results have shown its ability to reduce oxidative stress on cells and regulation of gene expression.<\/p>\r\n Cocoabuterol® has also been shown to have positive benefits on reducing oxidative stress in the body. Due to its rich antioxidant properties, it has the ability to fight off free radicals that can be detrimental. In addition to this, the polyphenols that Cocoabuterol® contains have been shown to reduce inflammatory signals within the body that can also be detrimental biomarkers.<\/p>\r\n By now you have read some of the amazing benefits of Cocoabuterol® and why we have included in this recomposition agent. When your goal is maintaining muscle mass, shedding body fat, reducing overall stress, and performing at your peak, we make sure you are equipped with the right ingredients, in the right dosages, and for the right purpose. In summary, Cocoabuterol® does all of these things by:<\/p>\r\n Increasing power output due to elevated NO production via theobromine effects. Pregnenolone, or pregn-5-en-3β-ol-20-one, is known as the grandmother hormone due to its precursor role in the endogenous biosynthesis of most steroid hormones. Pregnenolone also has potent intrinsic activity, however, functioning as a neurosteroid. In that capacity, pregnenolone has been investigated as a mechanistically novel agent for treating cognitive and behavioral symptoms associated with schizophrenia and other mood disorders.<\/p>\r\n Pregnenolone has been demonstrated to enhance learning and memory in animal models at physiologically relevant concentrations. For example, acute administration of pregnenolone or pregnenolone sulfate to rodents results in increased performance along several standardized tests – including maze tests given to rodents to test working memory. Additionally, pregnenolone appears to prevent learning and memory deficits induced by NDMA receptor agonists. These results suggest that pregnenolone’s cognitive functions are at least partially explained by modulating the NMDA receptors – critical receptors involved in numerous neurological processes.<\/p>\r\n Caffeine Anhydrous<\/p>\r\n Caffeine is one of the most widely consumed, and perhaps one of the most reviewed, psychoactive compounds. Its physiological effects in a range of areas have been well-documented, including exercise performance, information processing, alertness and mood enhancement, attention, and awareness, along with its anti-lipogenic and lipolytic abilities.<\/p>\r\n Most importantly to Core FURY, caffeine has been shown to have significant effects on exercise performance, even with ingestion in servings as small 3 to 9mg\/kg\/bw\/day (the equivalent of 2 cups of standard coffee, for a 170lb male). In endurance training, possible explanations for caffeine’s performance-enhancing effects lie in its metabolic effects on both lean and fat tissue. It is suggested that caffeine’s potent lipolytic (the breakdown of fat tissue into fatty acids) and oxidative (the actual ‘burning’ of fat) action allow the body to utilize these sources during prolonged submaximal exercise. As a consequence, muscle glycogen is spared and available for use later in the training session. Practically speaking, this means caffeine is forcing your body to preferentially use fat tissue as a fuel source, while sparing the glycogen which gives you the full-bodied look!<\/p>\r\n In short-term exercise, caffeine’s demonstrated role in the inhibition of cyclic AMP- phosphodiesterases (PDE), adenosine receptor antagonism, and adrenoreceptor agonism come into play. These three pathways collectively stimulate lipolytic activity, boost fat metabolism, increase metabolic rate and energy expenditure, and regulate the body’s thermogenic activity. The practical results of activating these pathways are increases to the contractile force of both cardiac and skeletal muscle (harder flexion), an increase in energy expenditure (freeing up more caloric energy to be used in contraction), dilation of vasculature (better blood flow), and improvements to both nitrogen retention and skeletal muscle protein synthesis (key components to muscle building<\/p>\r\n In Core FURY, we have included a per-serving amount of caffeine that is neither excessive, nor arbitrary, but that instead reflects the servings used in clinical research.<\/p>\r\n Caffeine Citrate<\/p>\r\n Caffeine citrate is not generally seen in the typical sports performance area. It is more commonly prescribed for premature infants for a short time for the treatment of apnea of prematurity. Apnea of prematurity occurs when a premature infant doesn’t breathe for 15-20 seconds during sleep. In addition to this caffeine citrate can at times be prescribed for migraines in some individuals.<\/p>\r\n Recently caffeine citrate has gained some popularity in sports performance as it appears to be able to raise blood caffeine levels faster than other caffeine sources. This allows for a quicker feeling of increased energy. For example, typical caffeine levels peak at about 60-120 minutes post ingestion of caffeine anhydrous, whereas blood levels peak around 30 minutes post-ingestion for caffeine citrate. The one drawback to caffeine citrate is that it provides 50% less caffeine per dose than caffeine anhydrous. The specific blend of caffeine sources we have used in Core FURY V2 compliment each other through differing release times, meaning you will have a quick and effective stimulant feeling with caffeine citrate, a fully dosed serving of caffeine anhydrous, as well as a specific delayed release caffeine in Zum-XR® (outlined below) to give you the quick hitting and long-lasting energy you need to get through your workouts.<\/p>\r\n Zum-XR® Caffeine<\/p>\r\n Züm-XR is a patented coating technology that allows the dissolution profile of certain ingredients, primarily caffeine, to have a longer lasting effect in blood serum levels. The release of those ingredients is initiated by an abrasion in the stomach and pH levels between the stomach and the upper gastrointestinal tract. The coating of the microbead technology is a patented timing system with pharmaceutical grade safe polymers. Comparatively speaking, the dissolution profile of Züm-XR caffeine to your typical immediate release caffeine showed that Züm-XR took a far greater amount of time, well over 120 minutes to complete the process of dissolution.<\/p>\r\n <\/p>\r\n Next Generation PRE-WORKOUT<\/p>\r\n Multi-pathway nitric oxide production With every rep, every mile, every day spent at the gym, your body improves. You could say the latest iteration of our premiere pre-workout, Core FURY, has done the same - but you’d be wrong. This reformulation is more like a tsunami, where the only ingredients left standing in its wake were those with the strongest clinical foundations and indisputable efficacy. Those ingredients were then used as the base around which we built a disruptive, cutting-edge, and revolutionary new product. We’ve not only replaced the old with the new, but created innovative combinations never before seen in a pre-workout formula. In the process, we’ve created a worthy successor to a product known for redefining the category. With that, let us introduce you to FURY Version 2.<\/p>\r\n Core FURY Version 2 is a meticulously crafted combination of key ingredients created to boost athletic performance, hydration, mental clarity, and energy. For athletic performance, muscle pumps, and athletic performance, ingredients such as L-Citrulline, VasoDrive-AP®, Citrapeak®, and Senactiv™, among others, are included at or above serving sizes suggested by clinical research. These ingredients have repeatedly demonstrated improvements in blood flow, hydration, power output, VO2 max, and time to exhaustion. For cognitive capacity, clarity, and focus; L-Tyrosine, Alpha GPC 50%, Cocoabuterol®, and Pregnenolone are also included at, or above, serving sizes suggested by research. Studies using these ingredients have shown to increase working memory, enhance focus, and reduce cognitive fatigue.<\/p>\r\n Together, our performance, pump, hydration, focus and energy blends constitute the latest evolution of the pre-workout formula. Unsurprisingly, Core Nutritionals has, yet again, created a new standard in the entire category.<\/p>\r\n L-Citrulline<\/p>\r\n Citrulline is a non-essential, non-protein amino acid that forms during the urea cycle and forms ornithine when combined with carbon dioxide. Citrulline is also a critical source of endogenous (natural) arginine, as it is rapidly and efficiently converted to arginine in the vascular endothelium and other tissues.<\/p>\r\n Citrulline’s benefits have been shown to be greater than its parent compound. While arginine undergoes direct hepatic (liver) metabolism through the enzyme arginase, citrulline bypasses hepatic metabolism entirely and it is delivered straight to the bloodstream. The result is that gut absorption and plasma (blood) bioavailability studies comparing citrulline and arginine have shown two things. First, that citrulline is less readily destroyed and has greater absorption than arginine. Second, that citrulline supplementation increases arginine levels more effectively than arginine supplementation itself.<\/p>\r\n This translates to promising results. For example, animal studies show a significant increase in anaerobic performance at a 250mg\/kg\/day serving of citrulline, while studies in humans implicate citrulline in both aerobic and anaerobic performance increases. As a critical part of the urea cycle, citrulline’s performance benefits are thought to be a result of its role in ammonia clearance. Citrulline is implicated in reducing the oxygen cost of muscle processes, along with increasing the rate of post-exercise ATP and phosphocreatine replenishment. As ATP and phosphocreatine are the body’s ‘exercise fuel,’ this may result in citrulline delaying time to exhaustion in aerobic and anaerobic exercise.<\/p>\r\n VasoDrive-AP®<\/p>\r\n VasoDrive-AP® is a proprietary ingredient derived from fermented casein. The fermentation process produces two lactotripeptides, Valyl-Prolyl-Proline (VPP) and Isoleucyl-Prolyl-Proline (IPP). Based on the available clinical evidence, these tri-peptides work together to reduce angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE).<\/p>\r\n In a recent meta-analysis researchers found 30 studies – all of which were randomized and some of which were double-blind – wherein Valyl-Prolyl-Proline (VPP) and Isoleucyl-Prolyl-Proline (IPP), either alone or in combination, exerted a statistically significant effect on improving endothelial function. In one of the analyzed studies, 25 men were challenged with casein hydrolysate standardized for tri-peptides in a randomized and placebo-controlled design. At the conclusion of the study, forearm blood flow, a key measure of endothelial function, was found to be increased by 33%. The researchers in this and other studies demonstrate that the tri-peptides that constitute VasoDrive-AP® exert an inhibitory effect on ACE. ACE, in turn, is a critical component of the renin-angiotensin (RAS) system, which regulates hemodynamics by controlling plasma fluid volume. While the precise mechanism has not been elucidated, researchers believe that the lactotripeptides in VasoDrive-AP® competitively inhibit ACE, thus decreasing the metabolism of bradykinin and systematically dilating the arteries and veins.<\/p>\r\n Citrapeak® (glucosyl hesperidin)<\/p>\r\n Citrapeak®, or glucosyl hesperidin, is a unique substance that contains all of the biological functions of standard hesperidin. Hesperidin is a flavonoid commonly found in citrus fruit peels. Some of these functions include increased vasodilation and increased pump factors. Citrapeak® offers these benefits with increased solubility and bioavailability, making it one of the most effective forms of hesperidin there is.<\/p>\r\n In measures of increased blood flow and bioavailability, Citrapeak® was shown to elicit an 18% increase in blood flow when compared against control as well as a feeling of tangible sensations in as little as 30 min. This means that one can receive a quick and efficient pump benefit thus increasing work capacity.<\/p>\r\n The proposed mechanism of action for Citrapeak® and hesperidin is that it can acutely stimulate phosphorylation of Src, Akt, AMP kinase, and endothelial NO synthase to produce NO. This increased NO production, while beneficial from a muscle performance standpoint, can also have a positive effect on other factors as well. Clinical studies have shown that hesperidin can increase flow mediated dilation and reduced concentrations of circulating inflammatory biomarkers, such as C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A protein, and soluble E-selectin. So in addition to the exercise performance benefits that hesperidin can provide, it also has been shown to have positive vasculoprotective actions that can benefit the cardiovascular and circulatory system.<\/p>\r\n Beta Alanine<\/p>\r\n Carnosine is a bit of an odd duck: we know that it is crucial for muscle function, and that dietary sources of caronsine are essential, but we don’t know precisely how it’s working. Moreover, for decades, we had no idea how to increase intramuscular concentrations, as exogenous carnosine sources degraded in the body so fast as to be effectively useless.<\/p>\r\n Enter beta-alanine. Simply a different iteration of one of the amino acids that comprises carnosine itself (alanine), beta-alanine has proven to be the most effective means of significantly increasing intramuscular concentrations of carnosine – and therefore of promoting all of carnosine’s various beneficial effects on muscle performance. If that weren’t enough, beta-alanine has also demonstrated beneficial physiological effects independent of its parent compound. In order to understand why, though, we need to first understand some of the basics behind carnosine itself.<\/p>\r\n Carnosine, a cytoplasmic dipeptide synthesized from the precursors L-histidine and l-alanine, is present in high concentrations in skeletal muscle and plays a pivotal role as a, “chemical buffer” in myocytes (muscle cells). It has long been known that carnosine concentrations are highest in glycolytic, rather than oxidative muscle fibers (roughly speaking, explosive vs., endurance muscle fibers, respectively), and thus long hypothesized that this amino acid is required for sustained performance during supramaximal exercise. Recent research demonstrates that carnosine exerts its physiological effects in long hypoxic (low oxygen) drives by functioning as a high-capacity pH buffer in skeletal muscle, preventing the pH ratio of plasma from dropping too low – and therefore preventing crucial pH-dependent processes such as protein synthesis from being inhibited by acidosis.<\/p>\r\n Despite its critical role in skeletal muscle anaerobic performance, intramyocellular synthesis of carnosine is rate-limited by the availability of l-alanine. Unfortunately, the majority of literature demonstrates that attempting to increase intramuscular levels of carnosine via either direct carnosine or alanine supplementation is largely ineffective due to carnosine\/alanine pharmacokinetics. Enter beta-alanine. Research with beta-alanine demonstrates consistent and dose-dependent increases to intramuscular carnosine concentrations with beta-alanine supplementation, with certain studies showing an increase of 40-60% with chronic administration. These same literature reveal a synergistic effect of exercise on beta-alanine supplementation, whereby the muscle adaptive changes associated with resistance training promote further intramuscular carnosine production in response to beta-alanine supplementation.<\/p>\r\n In simpler language, this essentially means that beta-alanine is a dietary supplement that promotes its own effects in combination with exercise. As you exercise, you simultaneously intensify beta-alanine’s physiological actions – both directly, as well as in the production of intramuscular carnosine. Once ingested, beta-alanine’s exercise-specific beneficial activity is well-established. Elevation of intramuscular caronsine content via beta-alanine supplementation has been shown to improve performance in the following ways.<\/p>\r\n Both acute and chronic increases in total work capacity, measured by total volume during exercise sessions. In total, a significant body of research exists to suggest that beta-alanine may significantly increase muscle power output, strength, training volume and output, overall performance in hypoxic (oxygen-deprived) conditions and peak VO2 max (oxygen holding capacity).<\/p>\r\n These myriad benefits make beta-alanine both one of the most-studied, and most well-rounded dietary supplements. Beta-alanine not only has direct, actionable physiological effects, but also promotes critical muscle physiologic adaptations that promote its own effects.<\/p>\r\n Betaine Anhydrous<\/p>\r\n Betaine (trimethyl glycine) is found naturally in most living organisms. It is well known to protect non-mammalian animal life in conditions of osmotic stress (a rapid change in the amount of solute surrounding a cell), in addition to functioning as an osmolyte in mammalian (including human) tissues. Betaine is formed in cells as an oxidation product of choline and can be obtained in the diet from foods such as spinach and beets.<\/p>\r\n Though data on betaine is limited, and recent, the available literature suggests that this compound may have effects in a few areas. Studies on betaine using servings as little as 1.25g\/day and up to 5g\/day for up to 14 days have shown promising results. In one study, a 2.5g\/day serving was found to enhance endurance and total repetition volume for the squat, bench press, and jump squat in in healthy-exercised trained adults. A similar study using the same serving found that betaine use increased peak power and maximum peak power, along with force and the maintenance of both force and power in healthy, exercise-trained subjects.<\/p>\r\n Perhaps more interesting, however, is a study which examined betaine’s effect on the endocrine system. This study revealed that betaine may exert an effect on several endocrine processes given the proper conditions, causing the authors to hypothesize that long(er) term betaine supplementation may increase the hypertrophic response to resistance training.<\/p>\r\n Senactiv™ (Panax notoginseng (root) and Rosa roxburghii (fruit) extracts)<\/p>\r\n Senactiv®, derived from extracts of Panax notoginseng and Rosa roxburghii, has been shown to act in a few pathways to reenergize and rejuvenate cells within the body that take a beating on a daily basis. Ultimately this product falls within a category known as senolytics, or compounds that primarily work to induce cell death. This may not sound ideal as we need our cells to function, but the key is to ensure that these compounds are working on the right kinds of cells. The human body does contain many senescent cells, which are old cells and can be deteriorating. How these senolytics work to promote health is by speeding up the breakdown of these older cells as well as encouraging the grow of new, vibrant cells. The other benefit of Senactiv® and its ingredients is its ability to protect against muscle damage. Ginseng in particular has been shown to help reduce the proinflammatory state that is associated with rigorous training. Where this is going to benefit is to reduce inflammation and jumpstart the recovery process of torn down muscle fibers so these cells can begin to scar and grow stronger. The other benefit that ginseng has been able to show is it has been shown to improve VO2 mas by about 20% when compared to a control group in studies. This improvement can significantly improve oxygen uptake to increase delivery to muscle cells for the ability to push harder and longer.<\/p>\r\n On another angle of recovery, Senactiv® has been shown to improve the rate of glycogen storage after exercise. When glycogen can be stored efficiently post exercise it has the ability to attenuate the structural damage associated with training by allowing those carbohydrates and sugars going towards recovery.<\/p>\r\n Senactiv® is a unique blend of ingredients but with sound research and application behind but with its benefits towards improved cell regeneration, VO2 max, and recovery, it is a great addition to this hydration product.<\/p>\r\n Taurine<\/p>\r\n Through traditionally referred to as an amino acid due to its chemical structure, taurine is not an amino acid in the sense that leucine, alanine, or glutamine are. Its chemical status aside, taurine is considered one of the body’s most essential chemical compounds, as cardiovascular function, muscle development and function, along with optical and nervous systems in the body depend on its abundance. While data on taurine typically occurs with taurine in supplement combinations (with caffeine and other amino acids), these data nevertheless suggest that dietary supplementation with taurine may have beneficial effects on mental focus and alertness and may assist during times of increased physical exertion.<\/p>\r\n Albion™ Potassium Glycinate Complex<\/p>\r\n Potassium, as sodium’s counterpart, acts as a critical electrolyte primarily by helping to maintain normal levels of fluids inside of our cells. Additionally, it helps muscles to contract and relax, aid in strong nerve function, as well as support normal blood pressure. It works very closely with sodium to create the membrane potential needed for the electrical currents that generate these functions to pass from one cell to the next. While the potassium levels in our body are regulated carefully, a diet lacking sufficient amounts of potassium (especially when combined with excess sodium) or one that contains too much potassium can eventually lead to certain types of dysfunctions and poor health status. When potassium levels in the body increase, the adrenal glands release the hormone aldosterone, which causes the kidneys to excrete excess potassium through the urine. When potassium levels are too low, aldosterone levels are suppressed, which can lead to conservation of potassium thus interfering with balance and negatively affecting transport channels that affect vital bodily functions. Potassium can be gotten from the diet in the form of fresh fruits and vegetables, such as sweet potatoes, beans, tomatoes, spinach and broccoli but supplementing can be an essential application as well to support an active lifestyle where excretion is higher than can be replenished through diet.<\/p>\r\n Sea Salt<\/p>\r\n Sodium is one of the most essential electrolytes for our body to utilize. As sodium is often found bound to chloride as sodium-chloride (salt), their function and benefits are going to be very similar in nature. Sodium helps to keep the water (mainly amount of fluid outside of the body’s cells) and electrolyte balance of the body, while also aiding in the contraction and relaxation of muscles as well as conducting nerve impulses. While only 500mg of sodium is needed per day for these functions to occur, we as active individuals need far more sodium in order to maintain these functions. We mostly lose sodium through sweat and urine, so the more active we are\/the more we sweat and the more we urinate, the more sodium is lost. Acquiring enough sodium through food and drink is crucial to establishing equilibrium again in order to maintain proper functioning and electrolyte balance within the body. The standard American diet is often overloaded with sodium and coupled with inactivity, which can lead to poor health and dysfunction. It is important to engage in physical activity of some kind most days and to eat a diet that is balanced in nutrients in order to maintain proper health.<\/p>\r\n L-Tyrosine<\/p>\r\n Tyrosine is amongst a class of amino acids known as ‘non-essential’ amino acids, so called because the body can produce them endogenously, and it is therefore not essential to consume dietary tyrosine. That said, tyrosine is also what is known as a conditionally-essential amino acid; conditionally-essential because, along with glucose and ammonia, the synthesis of tyrosine additionally requires adequate levels of phenylalanine. Once synthesized, tyrosine is one of the most critical amino acids, given its prominent role as a substrate in the synthesis of the catecholamines dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine, in addition to both T3 (triiodothyronine) and T4 (thyroxine) thyroid hormones.<\/p>\r\n In studies on stress modulation, tyrosine has been demonstrated to reverse stress-induced norepinephrine depletion and the depressant-behavioral effects normally associated with it. In simpler terms, tyrosine may, in certain conditions, dampen the extent to which norepinephrine is removed from the bloodstream during a stress event. In simpler terms still, tyrosine may help to mitigate the sense of depletion and fatigue felt at the end of a workout.<\/p>\r\n Tyrosine may also play important metabolic functions, mostly related to its role in synthesizing compounds which stimulate the nervous system. While not traditionally considered a sympathomimetic amine, studies which have coadministered tyrosine and stimulants demonstrate a synergistic effect. These studies suggest that tyrosine may potentiate the effects of both endogenous and supplemental norepinephrine and its mimetics (in the case of exogenous use) with respect to lipolysis, thermogenesis, and energy expenditure. Meaning that tyrosine may play a role in assisting norepinephrine to break up triglycerides and increase body heat transiently.<\/p>\r\n Alpha GPC 50%<\/p>\r\n Of the known choline pro-drugs or precursors, Alpha GPC appears to have exert the greatest influence on circulating choline levels. Choline is an essential nutrient involved in numerous metabolic pathways, including DNA regulation and repair, protein function, and metabolism. Perhaps most importantly, the critical neurotransmitter acetylcholine is produced directly from free choline via cholinergic neurons. Acetylcholine is then responsible for several functions itself, most crucially as the compound which induces muscular contraction, and as the neuromodulator partially responsible for modulating risk\/reward, arousal, and enhancing memory.<\/p>\r\n Choline’s essential role as a substrate for acetylcholine, and therefore brain development, is well documented in animal models. These studies demonstrate that levels of free maternal choline have a direct and fundamental impact on prenatal brain development, with the enhancements or deficits lasting into adulthood. Choline’s enhancing effect is particularly prominent in the hippocampus. In humans, the hippocampus is primarily involved in the consolidation of memory (taking short, episodic memory and translating it into long-term memory) and the learning of new information. Acetylcholine is a critical component in these processes, as mentioned above, and choline may therefore play a potential role in these processes as well by providing the substrate for acetylcholine synthesis.<\/p>\r\n Whether through these, or other independent mechanisms, a recent trial using Alpha GPC demonstrated a statistically significant increase to power output. In a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized trial, 14 healthy volunteers, split into an Alpha GPC or placebo group, were tested on various exercises. In comparison to the placebo group, the Alpha GPC group experienced a 14% increase to bench press. The researchers hypothesize that the peak power increase was the result of a substantial acute increase to growth hormone, one of the observed effects of Alpha GPC supplementation.<\/p>\r\n Cocoabuterol® Cocoa Extract<\/p>\r\n Cocoabuterol®, made up of the bioactive compounds found in cocoa, has been shown through studies and application to have beneficial factors on fat loss, muscle building, and insulin sensitivity. This ingredient exhibits a mechanism of action in the body to increase cAMP (cyclic adenosine monophosphate) levels, which acts as a second messenger and regulator of many movements exhibited by all three types of cells in the human body. In this context, fat (adipose) tissue epinephrine utilizes cAMP to increase to triglyceride hydrolysis and cardiac (heart) muscle epinephrine utilizes it to increase contraction rate. This action can have positive benefits on body composition and performance.<\/p>\r\n Theobromine, one of the main methylxanthine compounds found in cocoa is primarily effective in the increase of nitric oxide to in the blood stream, which is beneficial to produce the “pump” when ingested pre-workout. Another reaction that can be seen with theobromine is dilation of blood vessels. This can increase blood flow during vigorous exercise leading to increased time to exhaustion but also can pose benefits to individuals who suffer from high blood pressure. Theobromine also has a very high bioavailability and ability to stay in the body for extended periods of time (7-8 hours). Several studies have also looked at the effects of theobromine on human subjects and results have shown its ability to reduce oxidative stress on cells and regulation of gene expression.<\/p>\r\n Cocoabuterol® has also been shown to have positive benefits on reducing oxidative stress in the body. Due to its rich antioxidant properties, it has the ability to fight off free radicals that can be detrimental. In addition to this, the polyphenols that Cocoabuterol® contains have been shown to reduce inflammatory signals within the body that can also be detrimental biomarkers.<\/p>\r\n By now you have read some of the amazing benefits of Cocoabuterol® and why we have included in this recomposition agent. When your goal is maintaining muscle mass, shedding body fat, reducing overall stress, and performing at your peak, we make sure you are equipped with the right ingredients, in the right dosages, and for the right purpose. In summary, Cocoabuterol® does all of these things by:<\/p>\r\n Increasing power output due to elevated NO production via theobromine effects. Pregnenolone, or pregn-5-en-3β-ol-20-one, is known as the grandmother hormone due to its precursor role in the endogenous biosynthesis of most steroid hormones. Pregnenolone also has potent intrinsic activity, however, functioning as a neurosteroid. In that capacity, pregnenolone has been investigated as a mechanistically novel agent for treating cognitive and behavioral symptoms associated with schizophrenia and other mood disorders.<\/p>\r\n Pregnenolone has been demonstrated to enhance learning and memory in animal models at physiologically relevant concentrations. For example, acute administration of pregnenolone or pregnenolone sulfate to rodents results in increased performance along several standardized tests – including maze tests given to rodents to test working memory. Additionally, pregnenolone appears to prevent learning and memory deficits induced by NDMA receptor agonists. These results suggest that pregnenolone’s cognitive functions are at least partially explained by modulating the NMDA receptors – critical receptors involved in numerous neurological processes.<\/p>\r\n Caffeine Anhydrous<\/p>\r\n Caffeine is one of the most widely consumed, and perhaps one of the most reviewed, psychoactive compounds. Its physiological effects in a range of areas have been well-documented, including exercise performance, information processing, alertness and mood enhancement, attention, and awareness, along with its anti-lipogenic and lipolytic abilities.<\/p>\r\n Most importantly to Core FURY, caffeine has been shown to have significant effects on exercise performance, even with ingestion in servings as small 3 to 9mg\/kg\/bw\/day (the equivalent of 2 cups of standard coffee, for a 170lb male). In endurance training, possible explanations for caffeine’s performance-enhancing effects lie in its metabolic effects on both lean and fat tissue. It is suggested that caffeine’s potent lipolytic (the breakdown of fat tissue into fatty acids) and oxidative (the actual ‘burning’ of fat) action allow the body to utilize these sources during prolonged submaximal exercise. As a consequence, muscle glycogen is spared and available for use later in the training session. Practically speaking, this means caffeine is forcing your body to preferentially use fat tissue as a fuel source, while sparing the glycogen which gives you the full-bodied look!<\/p>\r\n In short-term exercise, caffeine’s demonstrated role in the inhibition of cyclic AMP- phosphodiesterases (PDE), adenosine receptor antagonism, and adrenoreceptor agonism come into play. These three pathways collectively stimulate lipolytic activity, boost fat metabolism, increase metabolic rate and energy expenditure, and regulate the body’s thermogenic activity. The practical results of activating these pathways are increases to the contractile force of both cardiac and skeletal muscle (harder flexion), an increase in energy expenditure (freeing up more caloric energy to be used in contraction), dilation of vasculature (better blood flow), and improvements to both nitrogen retention and skeletal muscle protein synthesis (key components to muscle building<\/p>\r\n In Core FURY, we have included a per-serving amount of caffeine that is neither excessive, nor arbitrary, but that instead reflects the servings used in clinical research.<\/p>\r\n Caffeine Citrate<\/p>\r\n Caffeine citrate is not generally seen in the typical sports performance area. It is more commonly prescribed for premature infants for a short time for the treatment of apnea of prematurity. Apnea of prematurity occurs when a premature infant doesn’t breathe for 15-20 seconds during sleep. In addition to this caffeine citrate can at times be prescribed for migraines in some individuals.<\/p>\r\n Recently caffeine citrate has gained some popularity in sports performance as it appears to be able to raise blood caffeine levels faster than other caffeine sources. This allows for a quicker feeling of increased energy. For example, typical caffeine levels peak at about 60-120 minutes post ingestion of caffeine anhydrous, whereas blood levels peak around 30 minutes post-ingestion for caffeine citrate. The one drawback to caffeine citrate is that it provides 50% less caffeine per dose than caffeine anhydrous. The specific blend of caffeine sources we have used in Core FURY V2 compliment each other through differing release times, meaning you will have a quick and effective stimulant feeling with caffeine citrate, a fully dosed serving of caffeine anhydrous, as well as a specific delayed release caffeine in Zum-XR® (outlined below) to give you the quick hitting and long-lasting energy you need to get through your workouts.<\/p>\r\n Zum-XR® Caffeine<\/p>\r\n Züm-XR is a patented coating technology that allows the dissolution profile of certain ingredients, primarily caffeine, to have a longer lasting effect in blood serum levels. The release of those ingredients is initiated by an abrasion in the stomach and pH levels between the stomach and the upper gastrointestinal tract. The coating of the microbead technology is a patented timing system with pharmaceutical grade safe polymers. Comparatively speaking, the dissolution profile of Züm-XR caffeine to your typical immediate release caffeine showed that Züm-XR took a far greater amount of time, well over 120 minutes to complete the process of dissolution.<\/p>\r\n <\/p>\r\n RECOVER \/ REPAIR \/ RESTORE<\/P> Glutamine has been shown to:<\/P> Help maintain immune system function. Despite the widely held belief that the scientific jury on glutamine is out, a fair amount of evidence exists to suggest that glutamine is beneficial to the human body in a variety of applications. Most of the problem, however, arises in the paltry servings that most companies throw into their formulations \u2013 effectively relegating glutamine to the \"window dressing\u201d category. <\/P> Not us. We are proud to feature glutamine, at effective servings, in our products. And we are even prouder to provide you a high quality source of pure glutamine that you can add to your already killer stack.<\/P> Science<\/P> Glutamine is one of the body\u2019s most abundant amino acids, and is an amino acid known as, \"conditionally essential.\u201d This means that while the body is capable of producing it under normal physiological conditions, it may require additional dietary sources under certain conditions such as athletic training or stress. In these conditions, glutamine takes on a critical role in the metabolism of muscular protein, in the volumization of cells, and the reduction of cell catabolism (particularly in stressful or traumatic situations). Glutamine has additionally been demonstrated to be immunoprotective in stressful situations, meaning that supplementation with glutamine may help to maintain immune system function.<\/P> Serving Size: 1 scoop (5000mg) Servings Per Container: 60<\/SPAN><\/STRONG><\/P> \u2020 <\/SPAN>Daily value not established.<\/SPAN><\/STRONG><\/P> <\/P><\/DIV>","gtin12":"850757001375","image":["https:\/\/siteimgs.com\/10017\/item\/glutamine-2020-core_1607611921-0.jpg"],"brand":"Core Nutritionals","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/16983\/core-nutritionals-bcaa-300-grams.htm","offers":{"@type":"Offer","priceCurrency":"USD","price":"21.99","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/16983\/core-nutritionals-bcaa-300-grams.htm","itemCondition":"http:\/\/schema.org\/NewCondition","availability":"http:\/\/schema.org\/InStock"}},{"@type":"Product","name":"Core Nutritionals GREENS Arnold Palmer - 30 Servings","sku":"CU297","description":" From a very early age, we all learned about the importance of eating your fruits and vegetables. For some reason, whether it is a taste issue or lack of convenience, in this day and age many people are lacking these precious foods in their diets. With Core GREENS you no longer need to miss out.<\/p>\r\n With its comprehensive \"greens\" (and \"reds\") superfood formula, added probiotic and digestive enzyme blends, and delicious taste, Core GREENS is a convenient and systematic general health and wellness supplement. Providing critical micronutrients and antioxidants that your body needs in a single delicious scoop, Core GREENS was formulated for maximum health benefits.Key ingredients in Core GREENS have been shown to improve a wide range of crucial health measures.<\/p>\r\n Maintaining optimal health has never been more difficult. Demanding work schedules leave little time for preparing a diet full of the micronutrient-dense foods our bodies require, leaving us scrambling for patchwork solutions. Though we can supplement our diet with a range of solutions, most are too narrow in focus, cause bloating and gas due to lacking digestive enzymes, or are cost prohibitive. Core GREENS attempts to break that mold, providing a whole-food solution to ensure that you can meet your recommended daily intake of not only valuable vitamins and minerals – but also optimize your diet with probiotics, digestive enzymes, and potent anti-oxidants.<\/p>\r\n The heart of our GREENS formula is our plant blend, constituted by: Psyllium husk, TruServ® (organc kale, broccoli, and spinach), barley grass, wheat grass, chlorella, spirulina and Spectra™. Our 11+ gram scoop provides the function equivalent of several pounds of these greens. Additionally, one scoop serving delivers you 100% of the daily value of 13 vitamins and a range of antioxidants and bioactives. To complement the greens themselves, we have added TruServ® and Spectra™ two industry-leading plant and vegetable\/fruit blends. And lastly, to ensure that GREENS does not cause the bloating and gas associated with many greens products, we have included not only probiotics, but a full-spectrum digestive enzyme blend. Were that not enough, the product tastes fantastic!<\/p>\r\n Now more than ever, your optimal health is too important to leave to chance. Core GREENS is the most convenient and easiest way to deliver to your body the vitamins, minerals, bioactives and antioxidants it requires to function optimally.<\/p>\r\n <\/p>\r\n<\/div> <\/SPAN> <\/P> From a very early age, we all learned about the importance of eating your fruits and vegetables. For some reason, whether it is a taste issue or lack of convenience, in this day and age many people are lacking these precious foods in their diets. With Core GREENS you no longer need to miss out.<\/p>\r\n With its comprehensive \"greens\" (and \"reds\") superfood formula, added probiotic and digestive enzyme blends, and delicious taste, Core GREENS is a convenient and systematic general health and wellness supplement. Providing critical micronutrients and antioxidants that your body needs in a single delicious scoop, Core GREENS was formulated for maximum health benefits.Key ingredients in Core GREENS have been shown to improve a wide range of crucial health measures.<\/p>\r\n Maintaining optimal health has never been more difficult. Demanding work schedules leave little time for preparing a diet full of the micronutrient-dense foods our bodies require, leaving us scrambling for patchwork solutions. Though we can supplement our diet with a range of solutions, most are too narrow in focus, cause bloating and gas due to lacking digestive enzymes, or are cost prohibitive. Core GREENS attempts to break that mold, providing a whole-food solution to ensure that you can meet your recommended daily intake of not only valuable vitamins and minerals – but also optimize your diet with probiotics, digestive enzymes, and potent anti-oxidants.<\/p>\r\n The heart of our GREENS formula is our plant blend, constituted by: Psyllium husk, TruServ® (organc kale, broccoli, and spinach), barley grass, wheat grass, chlorella, spirulina and Spectra™. Our 11+ gram scoop provides the function equivalent of several pounds of these greens. Additionally, one scoop serving delivers you 100% of the daily value of 13 vitamins and a range of antioxidants and bioactives. To complement the greens themselves, we have added TruServ® and Spectra™ two industry-leading plant and vegetable\/fruit blends. And lastly, to ensure that GREENS does not cause the bloating and gas associated with many greens products, we have included not only probiotics, but a full-spectrum digestive enzyme blend. Were that not enough, the product tastes fantastic!<\/p>\r\n Now more than ever, your optimal health is too important to leave to chance. Core GREENS is the most convenient and easiest way to deliver to your body the vitamins, minerals, bioactives and antioxidants it requires to function optimally.<\/p>\r\n <\/p>\r\n<\/div> <\/SPAN> <\/P> From a very early age, we all learned about the importance of eating your fruits and vegetables. For some reason, whether it is a taste issue or lack of convenience, in this day and age many people are lacking these precious foods in their diets. With Core GREENS you no longer need to miss out.<\/p>\r\n With its comprehensive \"greens\" (and \"reds\") superfood formula, added probiotic and digestive enzyme blends, and delicious taste, Core GREENS is a convenient and systematic general health and wellness supplement. Providing critical micronutrients and antioxidants that your body needs in a single delicious scoop, Core GREENS was formulated for maximum health benefits.Key ingredients in Core GREENS have been shown to improve a wide range of crucial health measures.<\/p>\r\n Maintaining optimal health has never been more difficult. Demanding work schedules leave little time for preparing a diet full of the micronutrient-dense foods our bodies require, leaving us scrambling for patchwork solutions. Though we can supplement our diet with a range of solutions, most are too narrow in focus, cause bloating and gas due to lacking digestive enzymes, or are cost prohibitive. Core GREENS attempts to break that mold, providing a whole-food solution to ensure that you can meet your recommended daily intake of not only valuable vitamins and minerals – but also optimize your diet with probiotics, digestive enzymes, and potent anti-oxidants.<\/p>\r\n The heart of our GREENS formula is our plant blend, constituted by: Psyllium husk, TruServ® (organc kale, broccoli, and spinach), barley grass, wheat grass, chlorella, spirulina and Spectra™. Our 11+ gram scoop provides the function equivalent of several pounds of these greens. Additionally, one scoop serving delivers you 100% of the daily value of 13 vitamins and a range of antioxidants and bioactives. To complement the greens themselves, we have added TruServ® and Spectra™ two industry-leading plant and vegetable\/fruit blends. And lastly, to ensure that GREENS does not cause the bloating and gas associated with many greens products, we have included not only probiotics, but a full-spectrum digestive enzyme blend. Were that not enough, the product tastes fantastic!<\/p>\r\n Now more than ever, your optimal health is too important to leave to chance. Core GREENS is the most convenient and easiest way to deliver to your body the vitamins, minerals, bioactives and antioxidants it requires to function optimally.<\/p>\r\n <\/p>\r\n<\/div> <\/SPAN> <\/P> From a very early age, we all learned about the importance of eating your fruits and vegetables. For some reason, whether it is a taste issue or lack of convenience, in this day and age many people are lacking these precious foods in their diets. With Core GREENS you no longer need to miss out.<\/p>\r\n With its comprehensive \"greens\" (and \"reds\") superfood formula, added probiotic and digestive enzyme blends, and delicious taste, Core GREENS is a convenient and systematic general health and wellness supplement. Providing critical micronutrients and antioxidants that your body needs in a single delicious scoop, Core GREENS was formulated for maximum health benefits.Key ingredients in Core GREENS have been shown to improve a wide range of crucial health measures.<\/p>\r\n Maintaining optimal health has never been more difficult. Demanding work schedules leave little time for preparing a diet full of the micronutrient-dense foods our bodies require, leaving us scrambling for patchwork solutions. Though we can supplement our diet with a range of solutions, most are too narrow in focus, cause bloating and gas due to lacking digestive enzymes, or are cost prohibitive. Core GREENS attempts to break that mold, providing a whole-food solution to ensure that you can meet your recommended daily intake of not only valuable vitamins and minerals – but also optimize your diet with probiotics, digestive enzymes, and potent anti-oxidants.<\/p>\r\n The heart of our GREENS formula is our plant blend, constituted by: Psyllium husk, TruServ® (organc kale, broccoli, and spinach), barley grass, wheat grass, chlorella, spirulina and Spectra™. Our 11+ gram scoop provides the function equivalent of several pounds of these greens. Additionally, one scoop serving delivers you 100% of the daily value of 13 vitamins and a range of antioxidants and bioactives. To complement the greens themselves, we have added TruServ® and Spectra™ two industry-leading plant and vegetable\/fruit blends. And lastly, to ensure that GREENS does not cause the bloating and gas associated with many greens products, we have included not only probiotics, but a full-spectrum digestive enzyme blend. Were that not enough, the product tastes fantastic!<\/p>\r\n Now more than ever, your optimal health is too important to leave to chance. Core GREENS is the most convenient and easiest way to deliver to your body the vitamins, minerals, bioactives and antioxidants it requires to function optimally.<\/p>\r\n <\/p>\r\n<\/div> <\/SPAN> <\/P> Bifidobacterium 8.5 billion CFU<\/strong><\/p>\r\n Bifidobacterium are labeled as probiotics and normally live in the intestines and stomach. They are essential for helping your body perform essential functions such as digestion and fighting off harmful bacteria. There are a wide range of Bifidobacterium as well so we will outline each individually below.<\/p>\r\n Bifidobacterium breve (2 billion CFU)<\/strong><\/p>\r\n Bifidobacterium infantis (2 billion CFU)<\/strong><\/p>\r\n Bifidobacterium bifidum (2 billion CFU)<\/strong><\/p>\r\n Bifidobacterium longum (2 billion CFU)<\/strong><\/p>\r\n Bifidobacterium lactis (500 million CFU)<\/strong><\/p>\r\n Lactobacillus 16.5 billion CFU<\/strong><\/p>\r\n As arguably the most common probiotic group, Lactobacillus can aid the body in the breakdown of foods, absorption of key nutrients, and defend against destructive organisms that can cause distress and other diseases.<\/p>\r\n Lactobacillus acidophilus (4 billion CFU)<\/strong><\/p>\r\n Lactobacillus plantarum (2 billion CFU)<\/strong><\/p>\r\n Lactobacillus bulgaricus (2 billion CFU)<\/strong><\/p>\r\n Lactobacillus casei (2 billion CFU)<\/strong><\/p>\r\n
KSM-66® - Reduction in cortisol levels
SaffSerrene™ - Supports mental health and mood balance, suppresses appetite<\/p>\r\n
50 servings per container.
BURN is the next innovation in thermogenics. A modern weight loss solution using trademarked and patented ingredients, BURN addresses every major metabolic pathway of adipose creation and deposition. Whereas many thermogenics focus exclusively on stimulation, BURN contains ingredients with specific, high-quality evidence demonstrating their efficacy. SaffSerene™, for example, has been demonstrated to significantly reduce subjective feelings of hunger – one of the only dietary ingredients on the market that the FDA allows to make such a claim. KSM-66®, a patented extract of Ashwagandha, has been shown to significantly reduce corstiol – the body’s key stress hormone – in clinical trials. Together with the other premium ingredients in BURN, these two ingredients create an unparalleled weight management product.<\/p>\r\n
Statistically significant increases to endurance and stamina, as measured by VO2 max, in a clinical trial featuring 50 healthy, exercise-trained adults.
Increased measures of well-being as reported by self-assessment scales, included in both the clinical trials mentioned above.
Statistically significant increases in serum testosterone levels in a clinical trial featuring 68 infertile men.
Though each of these results is impressive, perhaps the most significant is the 27.9% reduction in cortisol seen in the 60 day trial. As detailed above, cortisol possesses a multitude of potentially degradative physiological effects, including: inhibiting glucose uptake, causing a constriction of the vasculature (vasoconstriction), the breakdown of glycogen, and inarguably the result most would desire to avoid, proteolysis (the breakdown of muscle tissue).<\/p>\r\n<\/p>\r\n
Core Collagen<\/h3>\r\n
<\/p>","gtin12":"658580070793","image":["https:\/\/siteimgs.com\/10017\/item\/collagen-peach-mango-1800_1659025082-0.jpg"],"brand":"Core Nutritionals","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/32236\/core-nutritionals-collagen-peach-mango-1-lb.htm","offers":{"@type":"Offer","priceCurrency":"USD","price":"39.99","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/32236\/core-nutritionals-collagen-peach-mango-1-lb.htm","itemCondition":"http:\/\/schema.org\/NewCondition","availability":"http:\/\/schema.org\/InStock"}},{"@type":"Product","name":"Core Nutritionals Collagen Strawberry Lemonade - 1 Lb","sku":"CU334","description":"
Core Collagen<\/h3>\r\n
<\/p>","gtin12":"658580070809","image":["https:\/\/siteimgs.com\/10017\/item\/collagen-strawberry-lemon_1659026787-0.jpg"],"brand":"Core Nutritionals","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/32237\/core-nutritionals-collagen-strawberry-lemonade-1.htm","offers":{"@type":"Offer","priceCurrency":"USD","price":"39.99","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/32237\/core-nutritionals-collagen-strawberry-lemonade-1.htm","itemCondition":"http:\/\/schema.org\/NewCondition","availability":"http:\/\/schema.org\/InStock"}},{"@type":"Product","name":"Core Nutritionals Collagen Unflavored - 1 Lb","sku":"CU332","description":"
Core Collagen<\/h3>\r\n
<\/p>","gtin12":"672975315474","image":["https:\/\/siteimgs.com\/10017\/item\/collagen2020-rendering-18_1659026649-0.jpg"],"brand":"Core Nutritionals","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/32235\/core-nutritionals-collagen-unflavored-1-lb.htm","offers":{"@type":"Offer","priceCurrency":"USD","price":"39.99","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/32235\/core-nutritionals-collagen-unflavored-1-lb.htm","itemCondition":"http:\/\/schema.org\/NewCondition","availability":"http:\/\/schema.org\/OutOfStock"}},{"@type":"Product","name":"Core Nutritionals Core HAIR, SKIN and NAILS - 150 Cap","sku":"CU330","description":"
<\/p>","gtin12":"658580070663","image":["https:\/\/siteimgs.com\/10017\/item\/hair-skin-nails-1800x1800_1654182396-0.jpg"],"brand":"Core Nutritionals","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/32073\/core-nutritionals-core-hair-skin-nails-150-cap.htm","offers":{"@type":"Offer","priceCurrency":"USD","price":"54.99","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/32073\/core-nutritionals-core-hair-skin-nails-150-cap.htm","itemCondition":"http:\/\/schema.org\/NewCondition","availability":"http:\/\/schema.org\/InStock"}},{"@type":"Product","name":"Core Nutritionals Creatine Monohydrate - 400 Grams","sku":"CU049","description":"
Improve strength, power, and performance in repetitive bouts of brief, high intensity physical activity (e.g. sprints, jumping).
Decrease muscular fatigue in response to high intensity exercise (weight training).
Every write-up crafted about creatine, including ours, should simply say: it\u2019s creatine, enough said. This is, after all, the most studied, the most anecdotally verified, and the most well known dietary supplement available to us \u2013 and with good reason. The evidence on creatine truly does, \"speak for itself.\u201d<\/P>Supplement Facts<\/H3>
<\/STRONG><\/SPAN><\/TD> Amount Per Serving<\/STRONG><\/SPAN><\/TD> % Daily Value*<\/STRONG><\/SPAN><\/TD><\/TR> <\/SPAN><\/STRONG><\/TD> <\/STRONG><\/SPAN><\/TD> <\/STRONG><\/SPAN><\/TD><\/TR> Creatine Monohydrate<\/STRONG><\/SPAN><\/TD> 5000mg<\/STRONG><\/SPAN><\/TD> \u2020<\/STRONG><\/SPAN><\/TD><\/TR><\/TBODY><\/TABLE>
Don\u2019t leave your recovery to chance.<\/SPAN><\/P>
30 servings per container.
Soft tissue support.<\/SPAN><\/P><\/SPAN><\/DIV>","gtin12":"672975009694","image":["https:\/\/siteimgs.com\/10017\/item\/core-nutritionals-flex_2766-0.jpg"],"brand":"Core Nutritionals","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/30013\/core-nutritionals-flex-240-tablets.htm","offers":{"@type":"Offer","priceCurrency":"USD","price":"41.99","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/30013\/core-nutritionals-flex-240-tablets.htm","itemCondition":"http:\/\/schema.org\/NewCondition","availability":"http:\/\/schema.org\/InStock"}},{"@type":"Product","name":"Core Nutritionals FURY AUS Australian Gummy Snakes - 40 Servings","sku":"CU357","description":"
Core Nutritionals FURY AUS Edition (Platinum)
<\/h3> \r\n<\/p>\r\n
Other Ingredients: Citric Acid, Malic Acid, Natural Flavors, Calcium Silicate, Silicon Dioxide, Sucralose,
Acesulfame Potassium.
Allergens: Milk.<\/p>\r\n
Other Ingredients: Malic Acid, Citric Acid, Natural & Artificial Flavor,
Silicon Dioxide, Calcium Silicate,
Sucralose, Acesulfame Potassium.
Allergens: Milk.<\/p>\r\n
Other Ingredients: Natural & Artificial Flavors, Malic Acid, Citric Acid, Silicon Dioxide, Sucralose,
Acesulfame Potassium, Calcium Silicate.
Allergens: Milk<\/p>","gtin12":"658580071424","image":["https:\/\/siteimgs.com\/10017\/item\/australian-gummy-snakes-1_1691086827-0.jpg"],"brand":"Core Nutritionals","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/33356\/core-nutritionals-fury-aus-australian-gummy-snake.htm","offers":{"@type":"Offer","priceCurrency":"USD","price":"54.99","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/33356\/core-nutritionals-fury-aus-australian-gummy-snake.htm","itemCondition":"http:\/\/schema.org\/NewCondition","availability":"http:\/\/schema.org\/InStock"}},{"@type":"Product","name":"Core Nutritionals FURY AUS Edition Green Apple - 40 Servings","sku":"CU313","description":"Core Nutritionals FURY AUS Edition (Platinum)
<\/h3>\r\n<\/p>\r\n
Other Ingredients: Citric Acid, Malic Acid, Natural Flavors, Calcium Silicate, Silicon Dioxide, Sucralose,
Acesulfame Potassium.
Allergens: Milk.<\/p>\r\n
Other Ingredients: Malic Acid, Citric Acid, Natural & Artificial Flavor,
Silicon Dioxide, Calcium Silicate,
Sucralose, Acesulfame Potassium.
Allergens: Milk.<\/p>\r\n
Other Ingredients: Natural & Artificial Flavors, Malic Acid, Citric Acid, Silicon Dioxide, Sucralose,
Acesulfame Potassium, Calcium Silicate.
Allergens: Milk<\/p>","gtin12":"672975315740","image":["https:\/\/siteimgs.com\/10017\/item\/core-fury-aus-green-app_1635952478-0.jpg"],"brand":"Core Nutritionals","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/31437\/core-nutritionals-fury-aus-edition-green-apple-40.htm","offers":{"@type":"Offer","priceCurrency":"USD","price":"54.99","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/31437\/core-nutritionals-fury-aus-edition-green-apple-40.htm","itemCondition":"http:\/\/schema.org\/NewCondition","availability":"http:\/\/schema.org\/InStock"}},{"@type":"Product","name":"Core Nutritionals FURY AUS Edition Lemon Lime Sherbet - 40 Servings","sku":"CU312","description":"Core Nutritionals FURY AUS Edition (Platinum)
<\/h3>\r\n<\/p>\r\n
Other Ingredients: Citric Acid, Malic Acid, Natural Flavors, Calcium Silicate, Silicon Dioxide, Sucralose,
Acesulfame Potassium.
Allergens: Milk.<\/p>\r\n
Other Ingredients: Malic Acid, Citric Acid, Natural & Artificial Flavor,
Silicon Dioxide, Calcium Silicate,
Sucralose, Acesulfame Potassium.
Allergens: Milk.<\/p>\r\n
Other Ingredients: Natural & Artificial Flavors, Malic Acid, Citric Acid, Silicon Dioxide, Sucralose,
Acesulfame Potassium, Calcium Silicate.
Allergens: Milk<\/p>","gtin12":"672975315771","image":["https:\/\/siteimgs.com\/10017\/item\/core-fury-aus-lemon-lim_1635952433-0.jpg"],"brand":"Core Nutritionals","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/31436\/core-nutritionals-fury-aus-edition-lemon-lime.htm","offers":{"@type":"Offer","priceCurrency":"USD","price":"54.99","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/31436\/core-nutritionals-fury-aus-edition-lemon-lime.htm","itemCondition":"http:\/\/schema.org\/NewCondition","availability":"http:\/\/schema.org\/InStock"}},{"@type":"Product","name":"Core Nutritionals FURY AUS Edition Watermelon Grape - 40 Servings","sku":"CU358","description":"Core Nutritionals FURY AUS Edition (Platinum)
<\/h3> \r\n<\/p>\r\n
Other Ingredients: Citric Acid, Malic Acid, Natural Flavors, Calcium Silicate, Silicon Dioxide, Sucralose,
Acesulfame Potassium.
Allergens: Milk.<\/p>\r\n
Other Ingredients: Malic Acid, Citric Acid, Natural & Artificial Flavor,
Silicon Dioxide, Calcium Silicate,
Sucralose, Acesulfame Potassium.
Allergens: Milk.<\/p>\r\n
Other Ingredients: Natural & Artificial Flavors, Malic Acid, Citric Acid, Silicon Dioxide, Sucralose,
Acesulfame Potassium, Calcium Silicate.
Allergens: Milk<\/p>","gtin12":"658580071455","image":["https:\/\/siteimgs.com\/10017\/item\/watermelon-grape-1800x180_1691086840-0.jpg"],"brand":"Core Nutritionals","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/33357\/core-nutritionals-fury-aus-edition-watermelon.htm","offers":{"@type":"Offer","priceCurrency":"USD","price":"54.99","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/33357\/core-nutritionals-fury-aus-edition-watermelon.htm","itemCondition":"http:\/\/schema.org\/NewCondition","availability":"http:\/\/schema.org\/InStock"}},{"@type":"Product","name":"Core Nutritionals FURY V2 Pre-Workout Black Cherry - 20 Servings","sku":"CU350","description":"\r\n
VasoDrive-AP®<\/p>\r\n
Beta Alanine<\/p>\r\n
Taurine<\/p>\r\n
Caffeine Citrate<\/p>\r\n
Zum-XR® Caffeine<\/p>\r\n<\/p>","gtin12":"658580071158","image":["https:\/\/siteimgs.com\/10017\/item\/core-productsblackcherry_1678211672-0.jpg"],"brand":"Core Nutritionals","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/32901\/core-nutritionals-fury-v2-pre-workout-black-cherr.htm","offers":{"@type":"Offer","priceCurrency":"USD","price":"54.99","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/32901\/core-nutritionals-fury-v2-pre-workout-black-cherr.htm","itemCondition":"http:\/\/schema.org\/NewCondition","availability":"http:\/\/schema.org\/InStock"}},{"@type":"Product","name":"Core Nutritionals FURY V2 Pre-Workout Fun Sweets Cotton Candy Blue Raspberry - 20 Servings","sku":"CU359","description":"
Improved muscle performance and cell regeneration
Increased electrolyte status for optimal cellular performance
Heightened focus and cognitive support
Three stage caffeine blend<\/p>\r\n
Highly significant increases to TTE (total time to exhaustion), one of the most accurate and comprehensive measures of endurance. In various trials, beta-alanine supplementation has been shown to increase TTE by upwards of 20%.
Increases to total muscle power output in both acute and chronic trials, suggesting that beta-alanine’s most significant benefit is to those engaging in power-dependent resistance training.<\/p>\r\n
Increasing adipose usage through cAMP action in the body.
Improving senses of well-being due to high levels of polyphenols and antioxidants reducing overall stress on the body from workouts and life events.
Pregnenolone<\/p>\r\n<\/p>","gtin12":"850051031184","image":["https:\/\/siteimgs.com\/10017\/item\/core-products-fury1_1692045101-0.jpg"],"brand":"Core Nutritionals","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/33378\/core-nutritionals-fury-v2-pre-workout-cotton-cand.htm","offers":{"@type":"Offer","priceCurrency":"USD","price":"54.99","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/33378\/core-nutritionals-fury-v2-pre-workout-cotton-cand.htm","itemCondition":"http:\/\/schema.org\/NewCondition","availability":"http:\/\/schema.org\/OutOfStock"}},{"@type":"Product","name":"Core Nutritionals FURY V2 Pre-Workout Fun Sweets Cotton Candy Cherry Berry - 20 Servings","sku":"CU360","description":"
Improved muscle performance and cell regeneration
Increased electrolyte status for optimal cellular performance
Heightened focus and cognitive support
Three stage caffeine blend<\/p>\r\n
Highly significant increases to TTE (total time to exhaustion), one of the most accurate and comprehensive measures of endurance. In various trials, beta-alanine supplementation has been shown to increase TTE by upwards of 20%.
Increases to total muscle power output in both acute and chronic trials, suggesting that beta-alanine’s most significant benefit is to those engaging in power-dependent resistance training.<\/p>\r\n
Increasing adipose usage through cAMP action in the body.
Improving senses of well-being due to high levels of polyphenols and antioxidants reducing overall stress on the body from workouts and life events.
Pregnenolone<\/p>\r\n<\/p>","gtin12":"850051031177","image":["https:\/\/siteimgs.com\/10017\/item\/core-products-fury2_1692045122-0.jpg"],"brand":"Core Nutritionals","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/33377\/core-nutritionals-fury-v2-pre-workout-cotton-cand.htm","offers":{"@type":"Offer","priceCurrency":"USD","price":"54.99","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/33377\/core-nutritionals-fury-v2-pre-workout-cotton-cand.htm","itemCondition":"http:\/\/schema.org\/NewCondition","availability":"http:\/\/schema.org\/InStock"}},{"@type":"Product","name":"Core Nutritionals FURY V2 Pre-Workout Lemon Italian Ice - 20 Servings","sku":"CU356","description":"
Improved muscle performance and cell regeneration
Increased electrolyte status for optimal cellular performance
Heightened focus and cognitive support
Three stage caffeine blend<\/p>\r\n
Highly significant increases to TTE (total time to exhaustion), one of the most accurate and comprehensive measures of endurance. In various trials, beta-alanine supplementation has been shown to increase TTE by upwards of 20%.
Increases to total muscle power output in both acute and chronic trials, suggesting that beta-alanine’s most significant benefit is to those engaging in power-dependent resistance training.<\/p>\r\n
Increasing adipose usage through cAMP action in the body.
Improving senses of well-being due to high levels of polyphenols and antioxidants reducing overall stress on the body from workouts and life events.
Pregnenolone<\/p>\r\n<\/p>","gtin12":"658580071172","image":["https:\/\/siteimgs.com\/10017\/item\/core-lemon-italian-ice_1687376200-0.jpg"],"brand":"Core Nutritionals","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/33241\/core-nutritionals-fury-v2-pre-workout-lemon.htm","offers":{"@type":"Offer","priceCurrency":"USD","price":"54.99","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/33241\/core-nutritionals-fury-v2-pre-workout-lemon.htm","itemCondition":"http:\/\/schema.org\/NewCondition","availability":"http:\/\/schema.org\/InStock"}},{"@type":"Product","name":"Core Nutritionals FURY V2 Pre-Workout Sour Watermelon Strawberry - 20 Servings","sku":"CU351","description":"
Improved muscle performance and cell regeneration
Increased electrolyte status for optimal cellular performance
Heightened focus and cognitive support
Three stage caffeine blend<\/p>\r\n
Highly significant increases to TTE (total time to exhaustion), one of the most accurate and comprehensive measures of endurance. In various trials, beta-alanine supplementation has been shown to increase TTE by upwards of 20%.
Increases to total muscle power output in both acute and chronic trials, suggesting that beta-alanine’s most significant benefit is to those engaging in power-dependent resistance training.<\/p>\r\n
Increasing adipose usage through cAMP action in the body.
Improving senses of well-being due to high levels of polyphenols and antioxidants reducing overall stress on the body from workouts and life events.
Pregnenolone<\/p>\r\n<\/p>","gtin12":"658580071219","image":["https:\/\/siteimgs.com\/10017\/item\/core-productssourwatermel_1678211628-0.jpg"],"brand":"Core Nutritionals","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/32903\/core-nutritionals-fury-v2-pre-workout-sour.htm","offers":{"@type":"Offer","priceCurrency":"USD","price":"54.99","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/32903\/core-nutritionals-fury-v2-pre-workout-sour.htm","itemCondition":"http:\/\/schema.org\/NewCondition","availability":"http:\/\/schema.org\/InStock"}},{"@type":"Product","name":"Core Nutritionals FURY V2 Pre-Workout Strawberry Colada - 20 Servings","sku":"CU349","description":"
Improved muscle performance and cell regeneration
Increased electrolyte status for optimal cellular performance
Heightened focus and cognitive support
Three stage caffeine blend<\/p>\r\n
Highly significant increases to TTE (total time to exhaustion), one of the most accurate and comprehensive measures of endurance. In various trials, beta-alanine supplementation has been shown to increase TTE by upwards of 20%.
Increases to total muscle power output in both acute and chronic trials, suggesting that beta-alanine’s most significant benefit is to those engaging in power-dependent resistance training.<\/p>\r\n
Increasing adipose usage through cAMP action in the body.
Improving senses of well-being due to high levels of polyphenols and antioxidants reducing overall stress on the body from workouts and life events.
Pregnenolone<\/p>\r\n<\/p>","gtin12":"658580071189","image":["https:\/\/siteimgs.com\/10017\/item\/furyv2-strawberry-1800x18_1678211657-0.jpg"],"brand":"Core Nutritionals","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/32902\/core-nutritionals-fury-v2-pre-workout-strawberry.htm","offers":{"@type":"Offer","priceCurrency":"USD","price":"54.99","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/32902\/core-nutritionals-fury-v2-pre-workout-strawberry.htm","itemCondition":"http:\/\/schema.org\/NewCondition","availability":"http:\/\/schema.org\/InStock"}},{"@type":"Product","name":"Core Nutritionals FURY V2 Pre-Workout Tropic Thunder - 20 Servings","sku":"CU348","description":"
Improved muscle performance and cell regeneration
Increased electrolyte status for optimal cellular performance
Heightened focus and cognitive support
Three stage caffeine blend<\/p>\r\n
Highly significant increases to TTE (total time to exhaustion), one of the most accurate and comprehensive measures of endurance. In various trials, beta-alanine supplementation has been shown to increase TTE by upwards of 20%.
Increases to total muscle power output in both acute and chronic trials, suggesting that beta-alanine’s most significant benefit is to those engaging in power-dependent resistance training.<\/p>\r\n
Increasing adipose usage through cAMP action in the body.
Improving senses of well-being due to high levels of polyphenols and antioxidants reducing overall stress on the body from workouts and life events.
Pregnenolone<\/p>\r\n<\/p>","gtin12":"658580071196","image":["https:\/\/siteimgs.com\/10017\/item\/furyv2-tropic-thunder-180_1678209978-0.jpg"],"brand":"Core Nutritionals","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/32900\/core-nutritionals-fury-v2-pre-workout-tropic.htm","offers":{"@type":"Offer","priceCurrency":"USD","price":"54.99","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/32900\/core-nutritionals-fury-v2-pre-workout-tropic.htm","itemCondition":"http:\/\/schema.org\/NewCondition","availability":"http:\/\/schema.org\/InStock"}},{"@type":"Product","name":"Core Nutritionals Glutamine - 300 Grams","sku":"CU050","description":"
Facilitate muscle glycogen recovery after intense physical activities (weight training).
Restore glutamine levels required for healthy muscle growth after intense physical exercise (e.g. sprints, jumping).
To glutamine, or not to glutamine \u2013 that is the question. Well, it\u2019s really not much of a question, considering the potential benefits of a high quality, high purity glutamine are far too numerous to ignore. <\/P>Supplement Facts<\/H3>
<\/STRONG><\/SPAN><\/TD> Amount Per Serving<\/STRONG><\/SPAN><\/TD> % Daily Value*<\/STRONG><\/SPAN><\/TD><\/TR> <\/SPAN><\/STRONG><\/TD> <\/STRONG><\/SPAN><\/TD> <\/STRONG><\/SPAN><\/TD><\/TR> L-Glutamine
<\/STRONG><\/SPAN><\/TD>5000mg<\/STRONG><\/SPAN><\/TD> \u2020<\/STRONG><\/SPAN><\/TD><\/TR><\/TBODY><\/TABLE>
Premium Superfoods Green and Reds Blend<\/h3>\r\n\r\n
<\/DIV>
<\/DIV>
Premium Superfoods Green and Reds Blend<\/h3>\r\n\r\n
<\/DIV>
<\/DIV>
Premium Superfoods Green and Reds Blend<\/h3>\r\n\r\n
<\/DIV>
<\/DIV>
Premium Superfoods Green and Reds Blend<\/h3>\r\n\r\n
<\/DIV>
<\/DIV>
Comprehensive Gut Microbiome Support With Pre-, Pro-, and Post-Biotics<\/span><\/b><\/h2>\r\n
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