<\/p>","gtin12":"676737141585","image":["https:\/\/siteimgs.com\/10017\/item\/hydraulicv2-0000s-0001-gl_1700166728-0.jpg"],"brand":"Axe & Sledge","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/33588\/axe-sledge-hydraulic-v2-glacier-20-40-servings.htm","offers":{"@type":"Offer","priceCurrency":"USD","price":"54.99","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/33588\/axe-sledge-hydraulic-v2-glacier-20-40-servings.htm","itemCondition":"http:\/\/schema.org\/NewCondition","availability":"http:\/\/schema.org\/InStock"}},{"@type":"Product","name":"Axe & Sledge Hydraulic V2 Shark Bite - 20-40 Servings","sku":"AXS112","description":" Hydraulic V2 \/\/ Non-stim Pre-workout<\/strong><\/p>\r\n Hydraulic V2 Has Higher Doses Of L-citrulline And Beta-alanine, It Also Features Several New Trademarked Ingredients Including Vasodrive-ap®, Citrapeak®, Cognatiq®, And Astragin®. Some Ingredients That Remained The Same In Hydraulic V2 Include Hydromax® Glycerol, L-taurine, And L-tyrosine.<\/p>\r\n Overall, Hydraulic V2 Is A Much More Well-rounded Pre-workout With Enhanced Pumps, Hydration, Performance, And Focus. Along With The Revised Formula, The Labels Have Been Redesigned To Have A More Modern Look With A Raised Texture.<\/p>\r\n <\/p>","gtin12":"750258227642","image":["https:\/\/siteimgs.com\/10017\/item\/hydraulicv2-0000s-0002-sh_1700166399-0.jpg"],"brand":"Axe & Sledge","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/33587\/axe-sledge-hydraulic-v2-shark-bite-20-40-servings.htm","offers":{"@type":"Offer","priceCurrency":"USD","price":"54.99","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/33587\/axe-sledge-hydraulic-v2-shark-bite-20-40-servings.htm","itemCondition":"http:\/\/schema.org\/NewCondition","availability":"http:\/\/schema.org\/InStock"}},{"@type":"Product","name":"Beverly International PEAK ATP - 30 Cap","sku":"BV057","description":" PEAK ATP PEAK ATP is a non-stimulant energy source that fuels our muscles and powers the body’s movements. PEAK ATP® allows athletes to train stronger to maximize their workouts, reduce fatigue, and achieve greater results.<\/p>\r\n Size: 30 capsules (30 servings)<\/p>\r\n Benefits • Boosts Muscular Power Output* - Muscular power output refers to the ability to activate muscles, thereby causing them to contract. The greater the contractibility of the muscle, the greater its force, velocity, and endurance properties will be.<\/p>\r\n • Increases Power - PEAK ATP® causes significant increases in vertical jump power versus placebo.<\/p>\r\n • Reduces Muscular Fatigue - PEAK ATP® improves muscular endurance, providing more benefits as more repetitions and sets are performed. Vasodilation and blood flow were higher following ATP supplementation, which would drive recovery processes.<\/p>\r\n • Increases Lean Body Mass - PEAK ATP® significantly increases lean body mass and muscle thickness over placebo.<\/p>\r\n • Health Aging: Supports heart health - ATP has been shown to support vascular health in clinical studies, in young and old adults, and in healthy and overweight individuals.<\/p>\r\n • Supports brain health - The brain uses more energy than any other organ—up to 20% of the body’s energy consumption. Optimizing ATP is crucial for maximizing cognitive performance and signals involved in sleep, memory, learning, and movement.<\/p>\r\n • Reduces Mental Fatigue and Improves Cognitive Performance - Exercise can create a feeling of mental fatigue by eliciting deficits in attention and processing speed. PEAK ATP® helps mitigate deficits in several cognitive tasks following exercise.<\/p>\r\n • Improves Reaction Time - PEAK ATP® prevents the decline in proactive visuomotor reaction time following all-out high-intensity exercise.<\/p>\r\n • Improves Focus and Mental Speed - PEAK ATP® decreases the number of errors during a reactive visuomotor task with cognitive stressor before and after all-out high-intensity exercise. Why people like it Increasingly, everyday people trying to stay in shape are looking for supplements that can help them reap the most reward with the least effort. Because PEAK ATP® increases the work volume of a workout, it can help even the casual athlete or weekend warrior make the most of time spent exercising.<\/p>\r\n Who is PEAK ATP® ideal for PEAK ATP® is acceptable for use in sports and is not banned by any athletic body.<\/p>\r\n Secrets to Success On non-training days, it is recommended to consume 450 mg ~ 20 to 30 minutes before breakfast.<\/p>\r\n <\/p>\r\n <\/p>\r\n THESE STATEMENTS HAVE NOT BEEN EVALUATED BY THE FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION. THIS PRODUCT IS NOT INTENDED TO DIAGNOSE, TREAT, CURE OR PREVENT ANY DISEASE.<\/p>","gtin12":"857254000122","image":["https:\/\/siteimgs.com\/10017\/item\/peak-atp-front-2_1706204114-0.jpg"],"brand":"Beverly International","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/33739\/beverly-international-peak-atp-30-cap.htm","offers":{"@type":"Offer","priceCurrency":"USD","price":"22.99","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/33739\/beverly-international-peak-atp-30-cap.htm","itemCondition":"http:\/\/schema.org\/NewCondition","availability":"http:\/\/schema.org\/InStock"}},{"@type":"Product","name":"Bucked Up Full Bore - Tropical Punch - 30 Servings","sku":"BU212","description":" Full Bore - Tropical Punch<\/p>\r\n Applying science to overcome the most strenuous workouts. That’s why we created FULL BORE. Full Bore focuses on blood flow, nutrient & oxygen delivery, and contains clinically proven ingredients shown to help enhance stamina and endurance, so you can focus on doing your absolute best.*<\/p>\r\n PEAK O2™ BLEND – Created from mushroom extract to increase endurance and stamina, fight muscle fatigue, combat oxidative stress and support cardiovascular function. This trademarked ingredient has been shown to increase power output over time.*<\/p>\r\n L-CITRULLINE+AGMATINE SULFATE – Powerful nitric oxide boosters to promote better blood flow to body, brain, and central nervous systems.*<\/p>\r\n BETAINE ANHYDROUS – Enhanced cellular hydration. By increasing anaerobic workout efficiency, betaine anhydrous may boost sprint power output during the times when burst speed matters most.*<\/p>\r\n BEET ROOT – A nutrient-rich anti-inflammatory that promotes cardiovascular performance.*<\/p>\r\n <\/p>\r\n * These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. Core PUMP’s emphasis is what we call a \"performance pump” – that is, increasing localized blood flow with a purpose. And the purpose is delivering real, measurable increases to key markers in exercise physiology, such as total time to exhaustion and peak power. We achieve the performance pump in Core PUMP by including ingredients that not only increase dilatory tone – and therefore elicit the \"pump” effect – but do so while delivering real performance benefits. Beta Alanine, for example, is well-established to increase endurance, stamina, and peak power output – but it additionally increases blood flow. L-Citrulline is well-established to increase blood flow, but it also increases peak power output. In other words, each ingredient in Core PUMP facilitates the dual purpose behind the performance pump: delivering you the gratifying feeling of a pump, but also servicing your goal of progression.<\/span><\/p> Beyond its demonstrable performance benefits, PUMP also tastes amazing. We taste tested literally dozens of rounds of PUMP for a flavor matrix that combined amazing taste – which is difficult, if you know the taste of these ingredients! – and a mouth feel that made PUMP eminently drinkable. We think you will agree that we found that combination. Black Lightning, Cherry Burst, and Tropic Thunder are potent enough to deliver the flavor you want, while subtle enough to be sipped and enjoyed – a quality fairly unique to the pump product category, where most products are choked down with a pinched nose.<\/span><\/p> In sum, the new Core PUMP represents the best the Core Nutritionals has to offer: amazing formula with a purpose, combined with great taste.<\/span><\/p> Physiological Properties and Effects:<\/span><\/p> L-Citrulline<\/span><\/p> Citrulline is a non-essential, non-protein amino acid that forms during the urea cycle and forms ornithine when combined with carbon dioxide. Citrulline is also a critical source of endogenous (natural) arginine, as it is rapidly and efficiently converted to arginine in the vascular endothelium and other tissues.<\/span><\/p> Citrulline’s benefits have been shown to be greater than its parent compound. While arginine undergoes direct hepatic (liver) metabolism through the enzyme arginase, citrulline bypasses hepatic metabolism entirely and it is delivered straight to the bloodstream. The result is that gut absorption and plasma (blood) bioavailability studies comparing citrulline and arginine have shown two things. First, that citrulline is less readily destroyed and has greater absorption than arginine. Second, that citrulline supplementation increases arginine levels more effectively than arginine supplementation itself.<\/span><\/p> This translates to promising results. For example, animal studies show a significant increase in anaerobic performance at a 250mg\/kg\/day serving of citrulline, while studies in humans implicate citrulline in both aerobic and anaerobic performance increases. As a critical part of the urea cycle, citrulline’s performance benefits are thought to be a result of its role in ammonia clearance. Citrulline is implicated in reducing the oxygen cost of muscle processes, along with increasing the rate of post-exercise ATP and phosphocreatine replenishment. As ATP and phosphocreatine are the body’s ‘exercise fuel,’ this may result in citrulline delaying time to exhaustion in aerobic and anaerobic exercise.<\/span><\/p> In combination with the HydroMax™ found in Core PUMP, citrulline’s potential endurance applications are significant.<\/span><\/p> Beta-Alanine<\/span><\/p> Carnosine is a bit of an odd duck: we know that it is crucial for muscle function, and that dietary sources of caronsine are essential, but we don’t know precisely how it’s working. Moreover, for decades, we had no idea how to increase intramuscular concentrations, as exogenous carnosine sources degraded in the body so fast as to be effectively useless.<\/span><\/p> Enter beta-alanine. Simply a different iteration of one of the amino acids that comprises carnosine itself (alanine), beta-alanine has proven to be the most effective means of significantly increasing intramuscular concentrations of carnosine – and therefore of promoting all of carnosine’s various beneficial effects on muscle performance. If that weren’t enough, beta-alanine has also demonstrated beneficial physiological effects independent of its parent compound. In order to understand why, though, we need to first understand some of the basics behind carnosine itself.<\/span><\/p> Carnosine, a cytoplasmic dipeptide synthesized from the precursors L-histidine and l-alanine, is present in high concentrations in skeletal muscle and plays a pivotal role as a, \"chemical buffer” in myocytes (muscle cells). It has long been known that carnosine concentrations are highest in glycolytic, rather than oxidative muscle fibers (roughly speaking, explosive vs., endurance muscle fibers, respectively), and thus long hypothesized that this amino acid is required for sustained performance during supramaximal exercise. Recent research demonstrates that carnosine exerts its physiological effects in long hypoxic (low oxygen) drives by functioning as a high-capacity pH buffer in skeletal muscle, preventing the pH ratio of plasma from dropping too low – and therefore preventing crucial pH-dependent processes such as protein synthesis from being inhibited by acidosis.<\/span><\/p> Despite its critical role in skeletal muscle anaerobic performance, intramyocellular synthesis of carnosine is rate-limited by the availability of l-alanine. Unfortunately, the majority of literature demonstrates that attempting to increase intramuscular levels of carnosine via either direct carnosine or alanine supplementation is largely ineffective due to carnosine\/alanine pharmacokinetics. Enter beta-alanine. Research with beta-alanine demonstrates consistent and dose-dependent increases to intramuscular carnosine concentrations with beta-alanine supplementation, with certain studies showing an increase of 40-60% with chronic administration. These same literature reveal a synergistic effect of exercise on beta-alanine supplementation, whereby the muscle adaptive changes associated with resistance training promote further intramuscular carnosine production in response to beta-alanine supplementation.<\/span><\/p> In simpler language, this essentially means that beta-alanine is a dietary supplement that promotes its own effects in combination with exercise. As you exercise, you simultaneously intensify beta-alanine’s physiological actions – both directly, as well as in the production of intramuscular carnosine. Once ingested, beta-alanine’s exercise-specific beneficial activity is well-established. Elevation of intramuscular caronsine content via beta-alanine supplementation has been shown to improve performance in the following ways.<\/span><\/p> Both acute and chronic increases in total work capacity, measured by total volume during exercise sessions. These myriad benefits make beta-alanine both one of the most-studied, and most well-rounded dietary supplements. Beta-alanine not only has direct, actionable physiological effects, but also promotes critical muscle physiologic adaptations that promote its own effects.<\/span><\/p> Betaine Nitrate (as N03-T®)<\/span><\/p> Betaine (trimethylglycine) is found naturally in most living organisms. It is well known to protect non-mammalian animal life in conditions of osmotic stress (a rapid change in the amount of solute surrounding a cell), in addition to functioning as an osmolyte in mammalian (including human) tissues\\. Betaine is formed in cells as an oxidation product of choline and can be obtained in the diet from foods such as spinach and beets.<\/span><\/p> Though data on betaine is limited, and recent, the available literature suggests that this compound may have effects in a number of areas. Studies on betaine using servings as little as 1.25g\/day and up to 5g\/day for up to 14 days have shown promising results. In one study, a 2.5g\/day serving was found to enhance endurance and total repetition volume for the squat, bench press, and jump squat in in healthy-exercised trained adults. A similar study using the same serving found that betaine use increased peak power and maximum peak power, along with force and the maintenance of both force and power in healthy, exercise-trained subjects.<\/span><\/p> Perhaps more interesting, however, is a study which examined betaine’s effect on the endocrine system. This study revealed that betaine may exert an effect on several endocrine processes given the proper conditions, causing the authors to hypothesize that long(er) term betaine supplementation may increase the hypertrophic response to resistance training.<\/span><\/p> Pairing betaine with the patented nitrate (N03-T®) enhances nitric oxide production via the nitrate-nitrite pathway. Organic nitrate esters have a direct relaxant effect on vascular smooth muscles through non-nitric oxide synthase pathways, being directly converted first to nitrites and then to nitric oxide itself. (With attendant increases to guanylyl cyclase and then cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), which relax the vasculature.) Pairing both nitric oxide synthase and non-nitric oxide synthase-dependent mechanisms of actions theoretically enhances total NO production, given that rate-limiting enzymatic pathways in either mechanisms do not determine total NO production.<\/span><\/p> In an absolute sense, both inorganic and organic nitrates also possess benefits beyond a secondary NO-production pathway. Studies in athletes have demonstrated that nitrate ingestion prior to both aerobic and anaerobic exercise meaningfully increases both delay to fatigue and total work capacity – likely a consequence of nitrate’s activation in hypoxic (oxygen-deprived tissues). Nitrate effectively reduces the oxygen cost of muscular activity, making contractions more efficient.<\/span><\/p> PeakO2®<\/span><\/p> PeakO2® is an organic-certified combination of six Ayurvedic mushroom strains extracted for their principal bioactives (Cordyceps militaris (Cordyceps), Ganoderma lucidim (Reishi), Pleurotus eryngii (King Trumpet), Lentinula edodes (Shiitake), Hericium erinaceus (Lions Mane), and Trametes versicolor (Turkey Tail).<\/span><\/p> The results of several human clinical trials on this compound suggest that it may meaningfully and dose-dependently impact several key metrics in exercise performance and physiology. A recent trial on 13 healthy, exercising adults consuming either 1.3 grams of PeakO2 or placebo, for example, demonstrated significant increases to oxygen kinetics, aerobic power and time to fatigue. In the adults receiving the 1.3g of PeakO2 for three weeks, VO2max (a measure of aerobic capacity) increased by 11% as compared to 1.8% in placebo; TTE (total time to exhaustion) increased by 8.2%; and peak power increased by 10%.<\/span><\/p> The results were similar in an additional study with 40 healthy adults, provided both low and high-dose PeakO2 for 28 days and compared with placebo. In this trial, participants receiving the mushroom extract experienced statistically significant increases to both VO2max and heart-rate economy – suggesting that PeakO2’s effects are both systemic and cumulative. That is, not only does PeakO2 exert its effects on the entirety of the human cardiovascular system – likely due to the multiple mechanisms of action in the mushroom blend – but these effects accumulate over time.<\/span><\/p> These results suggest that PeakO2 may have beneficial effects on:<\/span><\/p> Hydromax® (65% glycerol):<\/span><\/p> Glycerol is a fascinating and highly useful compound that has achieved a somewhat cult status in the fitness community – while both peer-reviewed research and anecdotal reports centered on the endurance functions of glycerol are plentiful, its bodybuilding applications are not as widely lauded. Those who do use glycerol, however, are persistent in their belief that it provides some of the most noticeable, and effective, engorging (\"pump”) effects possible.<\/span><\/p> Glycerol has been well-established as a so-called, \"hyperhydrating agent” because of its ability to potently and positively affect plasma (blood) osmolality. As an incredibly powerful osmotic agent, and when combined with large quantities of water, glycerol induces the intracellular retention of fluid (not the extracellular kind, you do not want) that would otherwise be renally excreted. Various research has shown that glycerol’s capacity to positively affect osmolality and expand fluid volume (an increase in total body water) has beneficial effects on performance and physiologic function.<\/span><\/p> Studies that administered glycerol before both moderate and high endurance fitness tests found that glycerol reduced increases to core temperature, caused athletes to exercise significantly longer before fatigue, reduced urinary elimination of water and increased total body water content, and, in several studies, significantly improved intramuscular water expansion. In less complex terms, this means glycerol has been demonstrated to keep your muscles hydrated, significantly increase the ever-desired, \"pump effect” of muscle engorgement, and, maybe most importantly when it comes to a supplement formulation, deliver and keep more nutrients where they are needed (inside the muscle).<\/span><\/p> Until recently, however, most of these studies noted a significant drawback: the low glycerol concentration of market-available glycerol products forced researchers to test glycerol loads that were significantly higher than average use cases. Core PUMP uses HydroMax® to overcome precisely this problem.<\/span><\/p> HydroMax® is a highly-concentrated (65%) form of glycerol that offers greater water stability, and therefore potency, as compared to standard GMS (glycerol monostearate). Of particular interest to bodybuilders, HydroMax®’s greater potency translates to even greater levels of intramuscular water retention – keyword, intramuscular, and therefore no bloat – over GMS.<\/span><\/p> Overall, supplementation with HydroMax® has been shown to:<\/span><\/p> Keep athletes hyperhydrated for extended periods of time. Of the known choline pro-drugs or precursors, Alpha GPC appears to have exert the greatest influence on circulating choline levels. Choline is an essential nutrient involved in numerous metabolic pathways, including DNA regulation and repair, protein function, and metabolism. Perhaps most importantly, the critical neurotransmitter acetylcholine is produced directly from free choline via cholinergic neurons. Acetylcholine is then responsible for several functions itself, most crucially as the compound which induces muscular contraction, and as the neuromodulator partially responsible for modulating risk\/reward, arousal, and enhancing memory.<\/span><\/p> Choline’s essential role as a substrate for acetylcholine, and therefore brain development, is well documented in animal models. These studies demonstrate that levels of free maternal choline have a direct and fundamental impact on prenatal brain development, with the enhancements or deficits lasting into adulthood. Choline’s enhancing effect is particularly prominent in the hippocampus. In humans, the hippocampus is primarily involved in the consolidation of memory (taking short, episodic memory and translating it into long-term memory) and the learning of new information. Acetylcholine is a critical component in these processes, as mentioned above, and choline may therefore play a potential role in these processes as well by providing the substrate for acetylcholine synthesis.<\/span><\/p> Whether through these, or other independent mechanisms, a recent trial using Alpha GPC demonstrated a statistically significant increase to power output. In a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized trial, 14 healthy volunteers, split into an Alpha GPC or placebo group, were tested on various exercises. In comparison to the placebo group, the Alpha GPC group experienced a 14% increase to bench press. The researchers hypothesize that the peak power increase were the result of a substantial acute increase to growth hormone, one of the observed effects of Alpha GPC supplementation.<\/span><\/p> Core PUMP’s emphasis is what we call a \"performance pump” – that is, increasing localized blood flow with a purpose. And the purpose is delivering real, measurable increases to key markers in exercise physiology, such as total time to exhaustion and peak power. We achieve the performance pump in Core PUMP by including ingredients that not only increase dilatory tone – and therefore elicit the \"pump” effect – but do so while delivering real performance benefits. Beta Alanine, for example, is well-established to increase endurance, stamina, and peak power output – but it additionally increases blood flow. L-Citrulline is well-established to increase blood flow, but it also increases peak power output. In other words, each ingredient in Core PUMP facilitates the dual purpose behind the performance pump: delivering you the gratifying feeling of a pump, but also servicing your goal of progression.<\/span><\/p> Beyond its demonstrable performance benefits, PUMP also tastes amazing. We taste tested literally dozens of rounds of PUMP for a flavor matrix that combined amazing taste – which is difficult, if you know the taste of these ingredients! – and a mouth feel that made PUMP eminently drinkable. We think you will agree that we found that combination. Black Lightning, Cherry Burst, and Tropic Thunder are potent enough to deliver the flavor you want, while subtle enough to be sipped and enjoyed – a quality fairly unique to the pump product category, where most products are choked down with a pinched nose.<\/span><\/p> In sum, the new Core PUMP represents the best the Core Nutritionals has to offer: amazing formula with a purpose, combined with great taste.<\/span><\/p> Physiological Properties and Effects:<\/span><\/p> L-Citrulline<\/span><\/p> Citrulline is a non-essential, non-protein amino acid that forms during the urea cycle and forms ornithine when combined with carbon dioxide. Citrulline is also a critical source of endogenous (natural) arginine, as it is rapidly and efficiently converted to arginine in the vascular endothelium and other tissues.<\/span><\/p> Citrulline’s benefits have been shown to be greater than its parent compound. While arginine undergoes direct hepatic (liver) metabolism through the enzyme arginase, citrulline bypasses hepatic metabolism entirely and it is delivered straight to the bloodstream. The result is that gut absorption and plasma (blood) bioavailability studies comparing citrulline and arginine have shown two things. First, that citrulline is less readily destroyed and has greater absorption than arginine. Second, that citrulline supplementation increases arginine levels more effectively than arginine supplementation itself.<\/span><\/p> This translates to promising results. For example, animal studies show a significant increase in anaerobic performance at a 250mg\/kg\/day serving of citrulline, while studies in humans implicate citrulline in both aerobic and anaerobic performance increases. As a critical part of the urea cycle, citrulline’s performance benefits are thought to be a result of its role in ammonia clearance. Citrulline is implicated in reducing the oxygen cost of muscle processes, along with increasing the rate of post-exercise ATP and phosphocreatine replenishment. As ATP and phosphocreatine are the body’s ‘exercise fuel,’ this may result in citrulline delaying time to exhaustion in aerobic and anaerobic exercise.<\/span><\/p> In combination with the HydroMax™ found in Core PUMP, citrulline’s potential endurance applications are significant.<\/span><\/p> Beta-Alanine<\/span><\/p> Carnosine is a bit of an odd duck: we know that it is crucial for muscle function, and that dietary sources of caronsine are essential, but we don’t know precisely how it’s working. Moreover, for decades, we had no idea how to increase intramuscular concentrations, as exogenous carnosine sources degraded in the body so fast as to be effectively useless.<\/span><\/p> Enter beta-alanine. Simply a different iteration of one of the amino acids that comprises carnosine itself (alanine), beta-alanine has proven to be the most effective means of significantly increasing intramuscular concentrations of carnosine – and therefore of promoting all of carnosine’s various beneficial effects on muscle performance. If that weren’t enough, beta-alanine has also demonstrated beneficial physiological effects independent of its parent compound. In order to understand why, though, we need to first understand some of the basics behind carnosine itself.<\/span><\/p> Carnosine, a cytoplasmic dipeptide synthesized from the precursors L-histidine and l-alanine, is present in high concentrations in skeletal muscle and plays a pivotal role as a, \"chemical buffer” in myocytes (muscle cells). It has long been known that carnosine concentrations are highest in glycolytic, rather than oxidative muscle fibers (roughly speaking, explosive vs., endurance muscle fibers, respectively), and thus long hypothesized that this amino acid is required for sustained performance during supramaximal exercise. Recent research demonstrates that carnosine exerts its physiological effects in long hypoxic (low oxygen) drives by functioning as a high-capacity pH buffer in skeletal muscle, preventing the pH ratio of plasma from dropping too low – and therefore preventing crucial pH-dependent processes such as protein synthesis from being inhibited by acidosis.<\/span><\/p> Despite its critical role in skeletal muscle anaerobic performance, intramyocellular synthesis of carnosine is rate-limited by the availability of l-alanine. Unfortunately, the majority of literature demonstrates that attempting to increase intramuscular levels of carnosine via either direct carnosine or alanine supplementation is largely ineffective due to carnosine\/alanine pharmacokinetics. Enter beta-alanine. Research with beta-alanine demonstrates consistent and dose-dependent increases to intramuscular carnosine concentrations with beta-alanine supplementation, with certain studies showing an increase of 40-60% with chronic administration. These same literature reveal a synergistic effect of exercise on beta-alanine supplementation, whereby the muscle adaptive changes associated with resistance training promote further intramuscular carnosine production in response to beta-alanine supplementation.<\/span><\/p> In simpler language, this essentially means that beta-alanine is a dietary supplement that promotes its own effects in combination with exercise. As you exercise, you simultaneously intensify beta-alanine’s physiological actions – both directly, as well as in the production of intramuscular carnosine. Once ingested, beta-alanine’s exercise-specific beneficial activity is well-established. Elevation of intramuscular caronsine content via beta-alanine supplementation has been shown to improve performance in the following ways.<\/span><\/p> Both acute and chronic increases in total work capacity, measured by total volume during exercise sessions. These myriad benefits make beta-alanine both one of the most-studied, and most well-rounded dietary supplements. Beta-alanine not only has direct, actionable physiological effects, but also promotes critical muscle physiologic adaptations that promote its own effects.<\/span><\/p> Betaine Nitrate (as N03-T®)<\/span><\/p> Betaine (trimethylglycine) is found naturally in most living organisms. It is well known to protect non-mammalian animal life in conditions of osmotic stress (a rapid change in the amount of solute surrounding a cell), in addition to functioning as an osmolyte in mammalian (including human) tissues\\. Betaine is formed in cells as an oxidation product of choline and can be obtained in the diet from foods such as spinach and beets.<\/span><\/p> Though data on betaine is limited, and recent, the available literature suggests that this compound may have effects in a number of areas. Studies on betaine using servings as little as 1.25g\/day and up to 5g\/day for up to 14 days have shown promising results. In one study, a 2.5g\/day serving was found to enhance endurance and total repetition volume for the squat, bench press, and jump squat in in healthy-exercised trained adults. A similar study using the same serving found that betaine use increased peak power and maximum peak power, along with force and the maintenance of both force and power in healthy, exercise-trained subjects.<\/span><\/p> Perhaps more interesting, however, is a study which examined betaine’s effect on the endocrine system. This study revealed that betaine may exert an effect on several endocrine processes given the proper conditions, causing the authors to hypothesize that long(er) term betaine supplementation may increase the hypertrophic response to resistance training.<\/span><\/p> Pairing betaine with the patented nitrate (N03-T®) enhances nitric oxide production via the nitrate-nitrite pathway. Organic nitrate esters have a direct relaxant effect on vascular smooth muscles through non-nitric oxide synthase pathways, being directly converted first to nitrites and then to nitric oxide itself. (With attendant increases to guanylyl cyclase and then cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), which relax the vasculature.) Pairing both nitric oxide synthase and non-nitric oxide synthase-dependent mechanisms of actions theoretically enhances total NO production, given that rate-limiting enzymatic pathways in either mechanisms do not determine total NO production.<\/span><\/p> In an absolute sense, both inorganic and organic nitrates also possess benefits beyond a secondary NO-production pathway. Studies in athletes have demonstrated that nitrate ingestion prior to both aerobic and anaerobic exercise meaningfully increases both delay to fatigue and total work capacity – likely a consequence of nitrate’s activation in hypoxic (oxygen-deprived tissues). Nitrate effectively reduces the oxygen cost of muscular activity, making contractions more efficient.<\/span><\/p> PeakO2®<\/span><\/p> PeakO2® is an organic-certified combination of six Ayurvedic mushroom strains extracted for their principal bioactives (Cordyceps militaris (Cordyceps), Ganoderma lucidim (Reishi), Pleurotus eryngii (King Trumpet), Lentinula edodes (Shiitake), Hericium erinaceus (Lions Mane), and Trametes versicolor (Turkey Tail).<\/span><\/p> The results of several human clinical trials on this compound suggest that it may meaningfully and dose-dependently impact several key metrics in exercise performance and physiology. A recent trial on 13 healthy, exercising adults consuming either 1.3 grams of PeakO2 or placebo, for example, demonstrated significant increases to oxygen kinetics, aerobic power and time to fatigue. In the adults receiving the 1.3g of PeakO2 for three weeks, VO2max (a measure of aerobic capacity) increased by 11% as compared to 1.8% in placebo; TTE (total time to exhaustion) increased by 8.2%; and peak power increased by 10%.<\/span><\/p> The results were similar in an additional study with 40 healthy adults, provided both low and high-dose PeakO2 for 28 days and compared with placebo. In this trial, participants receiving the mushroom extract experienced statistically significant increases to both VO2max and heart-rate economy – suggesting that PeakO2’s effects are both systemic and cumulative. That is, not only does PeakO2 exert its effects on the entirety of the human cardiovascular system – likely due to the multiple mechanisms of action in the mushroom blend – but these effects accumulate over time.<\/span><\/p> These results suggest that PeakO2 may have beneficial effects on:<\/span><\/p> Hydromax® (65% glycerol):<\/span><\/p> Glycerol is a fascinating and highly useful compound that has achieved a somewhat cult status in the fitness community – while both peer-reviewed research and anecdotal reports centered on the endurance functions of glycerol are plentiful, its bodybuilding applications are not as widely lauded. Those who do use glycerol, however, are persistent in their belief that it provides some of the most noticeable, and effective, engorging (\"pump”) effects possible.<\/span><\/p> Glycerol has been well-established as a so-called, \"hyperhydrating agent” because of its ability to potently and positively affect plasma (blood) osmolality. As an incredibly powerful osmotic agent, and when combined with large quantities of water, glycerol induces the intracellular retention of fluid (not the extracellular kind, you do not want) that would otherwise be renally excreted. Various research has shown that glycerol’s capacity to positively affect osmolality and expand fluid volume (an increase in total body water) has beneficial effects on performance and physiologic function.<\/span><\/p> Studies that administered glycerol before both moderate and high endurance fitness tests found that glycerol reduced increases to core temperature, caused athletes to exercise significantly longer before fatigue, reduced urinary elimination of water and increased total body water content, and, in several studies, significantly improved intramuscular water expansion. In less complex terms, this means glycerol has been demonstrated to keep your muscles hydrated, significantly increase the ever-desired, \"pump effect” of muscle engorgement, and, maybe most importantly when it comes to a supplement formulation, deliver and keep more nutrients where they are needed (inside the muscle).<\/span><\/p> Until recently, however, most of these studies noted a significant drawback: the low glycerol concentration of market-available glycerol products forced researchers to test glycerol loads that were significantly higher than average use cases. Core PUMP uses HydroMax® to overcome precisely this problem.<\/span><\/p> HydroMax® is a highly-concentrated (65%) form of glycerol that offers greater water stability, and therefore potency, as compared to standard GMS (glycerol monostearate). Of particular interest to bodybuilders, HydroMax®’s greater potency translates to even greater levels of intramuscular water retention – keyword, intramuscular, and therefore no bloat – over GMS.<\/span><\/p> Overall, supplementation with HydroMax® has been shown to:<\/span><\/p> Keep athletes hyperhydrated for extended periods of time. Of the known choline pro-drugs or precursors, Alpha GPC appears to have exert the greatest influence on circulating choline levels. Choline is an essential nutrient involved in numerous metabolic pathways, including DNA regulation and repair, protein function, and metabolism. Perhaps most importantly, the critical neurotransmitter acetylcholine is produced directly from free choline via cholinergic neurons. Acetylcholine is then responsible for several functions itself, most crucially as the compound which induces muscular contraction, and as the neuromodulator partially responsible for modulating risk\/reward, arousal, and enhancing memory.<\/span><\/p> Choline’s essential role as a substrate for acetylcholine, and therefore brain development, is well documented in animal models. These studies demonstrate that levels of free maternal choline have a direct and fundamental impact on prenatal brain development, with the enhancements or deficits lasting into adulthood. Choline’s enhancing effect is particularly prominent in the hippocampus. In humans, the hippocampus is primarily involved in the consolidation of memory (taking short, episodic memory and translating it into long-term memory) and the learning of new information. Acetylcholine is a critical component in these processes, as mentioned above, and choline may therefore play a potential role in these processes as well by providing the substrate for acetylcholine synthesis.<\/span><\/p> Whether through these, or other independent mechanisms, a recent trial using Alpha GPC demonstrated a statistically significant increase to power output. In a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized trial, 14 healthy volunteers, split into an Alpha GPC or placebo group, were tested on various exercises. In comparison to the placebo group, the Alpha GPC group experienced a 14% increase to bench press. The researchers hypothesize that the peak power increase were the result of a substantial acute increase to growth hormone, one of the observed effects of Alpha GPC supplementation.<\/span><\/p> Core PUMP’s emphasis is what we call a \"performance pump” – that is, increasing localized blood flow with a purpose. And the purpose is delivering real, measurable increases to key markers in exercise physiology, such as total time to exhaustion and peak power. We achieve the performance pump in Core PUMP by including ingredients that not only increase dilatory tone – and therefore elicit the \"pump” effect – but do so while delivering real performance benefits. Beta Alanine, for example, is well-established to increase endurance, stamina, and peak power output – but it additionally increases blood flow. L-Citrulline is well-established to increase blood flow, but it also increases peak power output. In other words, each ingredient in Core PUMP facilitates the dual purpose behind the performance pump: delivering you the gratifying feeling of a pump, but also servicing your goal of progression.<\/span><\/p> Beyond its demonstrable performance benefits, PUMP also tastes amazing. We taste tested literally dozens of rounds of PUMP for a flavor matrix that combined amazing taste – which is difficult, if you know the taste of these ingredients! – and a mouth feel that made PUMP eminently drinkable. We think you will agree that we found that combination. Black Lightning, Cherry Burst, and Tropic Thunder are potent enough to deliver the flavor you want, while subtle enough to be sipped and enjoyed – a quality fairly unique to the pump product category, where most products are choked down with a pinched nose.<\/span><\/p> In sum, the new Core PUMP represents the best the Core Nutritionals has to offer: amazing formula with a purpose, combined with great taste.<\/span><\/p> Physiological Properties and Effects:<\/span><\/p> L-Citrulline<\/span><\/p> Citrulline is a non-essential, non-protein amino acid that forms during the urea cycle and forms ornithine when combined with carbon dioxide. Citrulline is also a critical source of endogenous (natural) arginine, as it is rapidly and efficiently converted to arginine in the vascular endothelium and other tissues.<\/span><\/p> Citrulline’s benefits have been shown to be greater than its parent compound. While arginine undergoes direct hepatic (liver) metabolism through the enzyme arginase, citrulline bypasses hepatic metabolism entirely and it is delivered straight to the bloodstream. The result is that gut absorption and plasma (blood) bioavailability studies comparing citrulline and arginine have shown two things. First, that citrulline is less readily destroyed and has greater absorption than arginine. Second, that citrulline supplementation increases arginine levels more effectively than arginine supplementation itself.<\/span><\/p> This translates to promising results. For example, animal studies show a significant increase in anaerobic performance at a 250mg\/kg\/day serving of citrulline, while studies in humans implicate citrulline in both aerobic and anaerobic performance increases. As a critical part of the urea cycle, citrulline’s performance benefits are thought to be a result of its role in ammonia clearance. Citrulline is implicated in reducing the oxygen cost of muscle processes, along with increasing the rate of post-exercise ATP and phosphocreatine replenishment. As ATP and phosphocreatine are the body’s ‘exercise fuel,’ this may result in citrulline delaying time to exhaustion in aerobic and anaerobic exercise.<\/span><\/p> In combination with the HydroMax™ found in Core PUMP, citrulline’s potential endurance applications are significant.<\/span><\/p> Beta-Alanine<\/span><\/p> Carnosine is a bit of an odd duck: we know that it is crucial for muscle function, and that dietary sources of caronsine are essential, but we don’t know precisely how it’s working. Moreover, for decades, we had no idea how to increase intramuscular concentrations, as exogenous carnosine sources degraded in the body so fast as to be effectively useless.<\/span><\/p> Enter beta-alanine. Simply a different iteration of one of the amino acids that comprises carnosine itself (alanine), beta-alanine has proven to be the most effective means of significantly increasing intramuscular concentrations of carnosine – and therefore of promoting all of carnosine’s various beneficial effects on muscle performance. If that weren’t enough, beta-alanine has also demonstrated beneficial physiological effects independent of its parent compound. In order to understand why, though, we need to first understand some of the basics behind carnosine itself.<\/span><\/p> Carnosine, a cytoplasmic dipeptide synthesized from the precursors L-histidine and l-alanine, is present in high concentrations in skeletal muscle and plays a pivotal role as a, \"chemical buffer” in myocytes (muscle cells). It has long been known that carnosine concentrations are highest in glycolytic, rather than oxidative muscle fibers (roughly speaking, explosive vs., endurance muscle fibers, respectively), and thus long hypothesized that this amino acid is required for sustained performance during supramaximal exercise. Recent research demonstrates that carnosine exerts its physiological effects in long hypoxic (low oxygen) drives by functioning as a high-capacity pH buffer in skeletal muscle, preventing the pH ratio of plasma from dropping too low – and therefore preventing crucial pH-dependent processes such as protein synthesis from being inhibited by acidosis.<\/span><\/p> Despite its critical role in skeletal muscle anaerobic performance, intramyocellular synthesis of carnosine is rate-limited by the availability of l-alanine. Unfortunately, the majority of literature demonstrates that attempting to increase intramuscular levels of carnosine via either direct carnosine or alanine supplementation is largely ineffective due to carnosine\/alanine pharmacokinetics. Enter beta-alanine. Research with beta-alanine demonstrates consistent and dose-dependent increases to intramuscular carnosine concentrations with beta-alanine supplementation, with certain studies showing an increase of 40-60% with chronic administration. These same literature reveal a synergistic effect of exercise on beta-alanine supplementation, whereby the muscle adaptive changes associated with resistance training promote further intramuscular carnosine production in response to beta-alanine supplementation.<\/span><\/p> In simpler language, this essentially means that beta-alanine is a dietary supplement that promotes its own effects in combination with exercise. As you exercise, you simultaneously intensify beta-alanine’s physiological actions – both directly, as well as in the production of intramuscular carnosine. Once ingested, beta-alanine’s exercise-specific beneficial activity is well-established. Elevation of intramuscular caronsine content via beta-alanine supplementation has been shown to improve performance in the following ways.<\/span><\/p> Both acute and chronic increases in total work capacity, measured by total volume during exercise sessions. These myriad benefits make beta-alanine both one of the most-studied, and most well-rounded dietary supplements. Beta-alanine not only has direct, actionable physiological effects, but also promotes critical muscle physiologic adaptations that promote its own effects.<\/span><\/p> Betaine Nitrate (as N03-T®)<\/span><\/p> Betaine (trimethylglycine) is found naturally in most living organisms. It is well known to protect non-mammalian animal life in conditions of osmotic stress (a rapid change in the amount of solute surrounding a cell), in addition to functioning as an osmolyte in mammalian (including human) tissues\\. Betaine is formed in cells as an oxidation product of choline and can be obtained in the diet from foods such as spinach and beets.<\/span><\/p> Though data on betaine is limited, and recent, the available literature suggests that this compound may have effects in a number of areas. Studies on betaine using servings as little as 1.25g\/day and up to 5g\/day for up to 14 days have shown promising results. In one study, a 2.5g\/day serving was found to enhance endurance and total repetition volume for the squat, bench press, and jump squat in in healthy-exercised trained adults. A similar study using the same serving found that betaine use increased peak power and maximum peak power, along with force and the maintenance of both force and power in healthy, exercise-trained subjects.<\/span><\/p> Perhaps more interesting, however, is a study which examined betaine’s effect on the endocrine system. This study revealed that betaine may exert an effect on several endocrine processes given the proper conditions, causing the authors to hypothesize that long(er) term betaine supplementation may increase the hypertrophic response to resistance training.<\/span><\/p> Pairing betaine with the patented nitrate (N03-T®) enhances nitric oxide production via the nitrate-nitrite pathway. Organic nitrate esters have a direct relaxant effect on vascular smooth muscles through non-nitric oxide synthase pathways, being directly converted first to nitrites and then to nitric oxide itself. (With attendant increases to guanylyl cyclase and then cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), which relax the vasculature.) Pairing both nitric oxide synthase and non-nitric oxide synthase-dependent mechanisms of actions theoretically enhances total NO production, given that rate-limiting enzymatic pathways in either mechanisms do not determine total NO production.<\/span><\/p> In an absolute sense, both inorganic and organic nitrates also possess benefits beyond a secondary NO-production pathway. Studies in athletes have demonstrated that nitrate ingestion prior to both aerobic and anaerobic exercise meaningfully increases both delay to fatigue and total work capacity – likely a consequence of nitrate’s activation in hypoxic (oxygen-deprived tissues). Nitrate effectively reduces the oxygen cost of muscular activity, making contractions more efficient.<\/span><\/p> PeakO2®<\/span><\/p> PeakO2® is an organic-certified combination of six Ayurvedic mushroom strains extracted for their principal bioactives (Cordyceps militaris (Cordyceps), Ganoderma lucidim (Reishi), Pleurotus eryngii (King Trumpet), Lentinula edodes (Shiitake), Hericium erinaceus (Lions Mane), and Trametes versicolor (Turkey Tail).<\/span><\/p> The results of several human clinical trials on this compound suggest that it may meaningfully and dose-dependently impact several key metrics in exercise performance and physiology. A recent trial on 13 healthy, exercising adults consuming either 1.3 grams of PeakO2 or placebo, for example, demonstrated significant increases to oxygen kinetics, aerobic power and time to fatigue. In the adults receiving the 1.3g of PeakO2 for three weeks, VO2max (a measure of aerobic capacity) increased by 11% as compared to 1.8% in placebo; TTE (total time to exhaustion) increased by 8.2%; and peak power increased by 10%.<\/span><\/p> The results were similar in an additional study with 40 healthy adults, provided both low and high-dose PeakO2 for 28 days and compared with placebo. In this trial, participants receiving the mushroom extract experienced statistically significant increases to both VO2max and heart-rate economy – suggesting that PeakO2’s effects are both systemic and cumulative. That is, not only does PeakO2 exert its effects on the entirety of the human cardiovascular system – likely due to the multiple mechanisms of action in the mushroom blend – but these effects accumulate over time.<\/span><\/p> These results suggest that PeakO2 may have beneficial effects on:<\/span><\/p>
Key Ingredients:<\/strong>
8 Grams L-citrulline
3 Grams Hydromax®
3.2 Grams Beta-alanine
508 Mg Vasodrive-ap®
200 Mg Citrapeak®
100 Mg Cognatiq®
50 Mg Astragin®<\/p>\r\n
Benefits:<\/strong>
Juicy Pumps
Increased Performance
Elevated Thermogenesis
Laser Focus<\/p>\r\n
Key Ingredients:<\/strong>
8 Grams L-citrulline
3 Grams Hydromax®
3.2 Grams Beta-alanine
508 Mg Vasodrive-ap®
200 Mg Citrapeak®
100 Mg Cognatiq®
50 Mg Astragin®<\/p>\r\n
PEAK ATP Train Stronger – Reps, Sets, Focus<\/p>\r\n
• Increases Total Strength* - An athlete will lift more weight and perform more repetitions per set with oral supplementation of PEAK ATP® versus placebo.<\/p>\r\n
Clinical evidence for each benefit listed above can be found at https:\/\/www.peakatp.com\/about\/what-is-peak-atp\/key-atp-benefits<\/p>\r\n
Athletes of all kinds are always looking for something to give them a competitive edge — whether for increasing power, strength, and muscle mass, reducing fatigue, or improving recovery. PEAK ATP® does it all.<\/p>\r\n
Active Nutrition, Competitive Athletes, but also Healthy Aging Athletes of all kinds are always looking for something to give them a competitive edge — whether for increasing power, strength, and muscle mass, reducing fatigue, or improving recovery. PEAK ATP® does it all.<\/p>\r\n
Take one 450mg capsule of PEAK ATP® ~ 30 to 60 minutes before exercise as a “pre-workout.”<\/p>\r\n
Whether it's going for a swim, bike ride, run, or any other activity, FULL BORE has exactly what you need for optimum performance.<\/p>\r\n
This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.<\/p>","gtin12":"811374039509","image":["https:\/\/siteimgs.com\/10017\/item\/fullbore-tropicalpunch_1674595652-0.jpg"],"brand":"Bucked Up","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/32801\/bucked-up-full-bore-tropical-punch-30-servings.htm","offers":{"@type":"Offer","priceCurrency":"USD","price":"44.95","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/32801\/bucked-up-full-bore-tropical-punch-30-servings.htm","itemCondition":"http:\/\/schema.org\/NewCondition","availability":"http:\/\/schema.org\/InStock"}},{"@type":"Product","name":"Core Nutritionals PUMP Australian Raspberry Chews - 40 Scoops","sku":"CU353","description":"
Highly significant increases to TTE (total time to exhaustion), one of the most accurate and comprehensive measures of endurance. In various trials, beta-alanine supplementation has been shown to increase TTE by upwards of 20%.
Increases to total muscle power output in both acute and chronic trials, suggesting that beta-alanine’s most significant benefit is to those engaging in power-dependent resistance training.
In total, a significant body of research exists to suggest that beta-alanine may significantly increase muscle power output, strength, training volume and output, overall performance in hypoxic (oxygen-deprived) conditions and peak VO2 max (oxygen holding capacity).<\/span><\/p>
Time to exhaustion
Maximum power output
Peak strength
Anaerobic peak power
Oxygen utilization during exercise
Ability to uptake oxygen
Exercise capacity<\/span><\/div>
As the mushrooms contained in this compound are also adaptagens, they will also increase the efficacy of the other ingredients in PUMP. Making the addition of PeakO2 both a physiological and economical decision.<\/span><\/div>
Reduce post-workout urine volume (more efficient fluid use).
Lower heart rate and improve endurance time.
Enhance plasma and intramuscular volume expansion.
Alpha-GPC (Alpha-glycerophosphocholine)<\/span><\/p>
Highly significant increases to TTE (total time to exhaustion), one of the most accurate and comprehensive measures of endurance. In various trials, beta-alanine supplementation has been shown to increase TTE by upwards of 20%.
Increases to total muscle power output in both acute and chronic trials, suggesting that beta-alanine’s most significant benefit is to those engaging in power-dependent resistance training.
In total, a significant body of research exists to suggest that beta-alanine may significantly increase muscle power output, strength, training volume and output, overall performance in hypoxic (oxygen-deprived) conditions and peak VO2 max (oxygen holding capacity).<\/span><\/p>
Time to exhaustion
Maximum power output
Peak strength
Anaerobic peak power
Oxygen utilization during exercise
Ability to uptake oxygen
Exercise capacity<\/span><\/div>
As the mushrooms contained in this compound are also adaptagens, they will also increase the efficacy of the other ingredients in PUMP. Making the addition of PeakO2 both a physiological and economical decision.<\/span><\/div>
Reduce post-workout urine volume (more efficient fluid use).
Lower heart rate and improve endurance time.
Enhance plasma and intramuscular volume expansion.
Alpha-GPC (Alpha-glycerophosphocholine)<\/span><\/p>
Highly significant increases to TTE (total time to exhaustion), one of the most accurate and comprehensive measures of endurance. In various trials, beta-alanine supplementation has been shown to increase TTE by upwards of 20%.
Increases to total muscle power output in both acute and chronic trials, suggesting that beta-alanine’s most significant benefit is to those engaging in power-dependent resistance training.
In total, a significant body of research exists to suggest that beta-alanine may significantly increase muscle power output, strength, training volume and output, overall performance in hypoxic (oxygen-deprived) conditions and peak VO2 max (oxygen holding capacity).<\/span><\/p>