Savage non-stim muscle pumps during training†
Ignite new gains while cycling off caffeine†
Balloon-like Muscle Fullness even AFTER your workout†
Freaky vascularity within minutes of your 1st Set†
Caffeine-free
If You Aren’t Taking SuperHuman Pump Your Muscles Are Flatter Than A Pancake†<\/p>\r\n
SUPERHUMAN PUMP is a revolutionary stim-free pre-workout experience scientifically engineered to give you violent muscle pumps and muscles so full you may rip the sleeves off your shirt during your workout!†<\/p>\r\n
SUPERHUMAN PUMP contains a MAX-DOSED formula packed with the following perfect pump primers:<\/p>\r\n
8000 mg of L-Citrulline Malate
150 mg of S7
3000 mg of HydroPrime
3500 mg of Beta-Alanine
350 mg of pink sea salt
600 mg of Organic Lion’s Mane
300 mg of AlphaSize<\/p>\r\n
With these absolutely LOADED premium ingredients, you have an unparalleled workout experience you have to feel in your biceps to believe!<\/p>\r\n
Description Icon
How To Take SuperHuman Pump?<\/p>\r\n
Option 1: As a standalone product take 15-30 minutes before your workout.<\/p>\r\n
Option 2: Stack with any of our SuperHuman Pre-Workouts for maximum energy, pump & performance.†<\/p>\r\n
Option 3: When cycling off stims, take SUPERHUMAN PUMP every other workout, so effectively you are giving your body a 24-48 hour break from stimulants.<\/p>\r\n
†These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.<\/p>\r\n
**not suitable for persons under 18 years old.<\/p>\r\n
100% Label Transparency<\/p>\r\n
Only cowards hide behind magical “blends” in their formulas that are simply marketing excuses for underdosed ingredients and ineffective products.<\/p>\r\n
Formulated with 100% transparency, using premium & patented ingredients at clinical dosages.<\/p>\r\n
We take pride in our Full Label Disclosure, so you see EVERY ingredient inside.<\/p>\r\n
<\/p>\r\n
<\/p>\r\n
<\/p>","gtin13":"810037 996425","image":["https:\/\/siteimgs.com\/10017\/item\/sh-pump-m_1697298608-0.jpg"],"brand":"Alpha Lion","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/33507\/alpha-lion-superhuman-pump-blue-speel-42-servings.htm","offers":{"@type":"Offer","priceCurrency":"USD","price":"41.24","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/33507\/alpha-lion-superhuman-pump-blue-speel-42-servings.htm","itemCondition":"http:\/\/schema.org\/NewCondition","availability":"http:\/\/schema.org\/InStock"}},{"@type":"Product","name":"Alpha Lion SuperHuman Pump Peach Pumps - 42 Servings","sku":"ALG13","description":"
SUPERHUMAN PUMP - Stim Free Pre Workout<\/p> \r\n
Bigger Pumps Better Hydration†
Savage non-stim muscle pumps during training†
Ignite new gains while cycling off caffeine†
Balloon-like Muscle Fullness even AFTER your workout†
Freaky vascularity within minutes of your 1st Set†
Caffeine-free
If You Aren’t Taking SuperHuman Pump Your Muscles Are Flatter Than A Pancake†<\/p>\r\n
SUPERHUMAN PUMP is a revolutionary stim-free pre-workout experience scientifically engineered to give you violent muscle pumps and muscles so full you may rip the sleeves off your shirt during your workout!†<\/p>\r\n
SUPERHUMAN PUMP contains a MAX-DOSED formula packed with the following perfect pump primers:<\/p>\r\n
8000 mg of L-Citrulline Malate
150 mg of S7
3000 mg of HydroPrime
3500 mg of Beta-Alanine
350 mg of pink sea salt
600 mg of Organic Lion’s Mane
300 mg of AlphaSize<\/p>\r\n
With these absolutely LOADED premium ingredients, you have an unparalleled workout experience you have to feel in your biceps to believe!<\/p>\r\n
Description Icon
How To Take SuperHuman Pump?<\/p>\r\n
Option 1: As a standalone product take 15-30 minutes before your workout.<\/p>\r\n
Option 2: Stack with any of our SuperHuman Pre-Workouts for maximum energy, pump & performance.†<\/p>\r\n
Option 3: When cycling off stims, take SUPERHUMAN PUMP every other workout, so effectively you are giving your body a 24-48 hour break from stimulants.<\/p>\r\n
†These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.<\/p>\r\n
**not suitable for persons under 18 years old.<\/p>\r\n
100% Label Transparency<\/p>\r\n
Only cowards hide behind magical “blends” in their formulas that are simply marketing excuses for underdosed ingredients and ineffective products.<\/p>\r\n
Formulated with 100% transparency, using premium & patented ingredients at clinical dosages.<\/p>\r\n
We take pride in our Full Label Disclosure, so you see EVERY ingredient inside.<\/p>\r\n
<\/p>\r\n
<\/p>\r\n
<\/p>","gtin12":"810037990157","image":["https:\/\/siteimgs.com\/10017\/item\/sh-pump-peachpumps-600-70_1645550640-0.jpg"],"brand":"Alpha Lion","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/31751\/alpha-lion-superhuman-pump-peach-pumps-42-servings.htm","offers":{"@type":"Offer","priceCurrency":"USD","price":"41.24","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/31751\/alpha-lion-superhuman-pump-peach-pumps-42-servings.htm","itemCondition":"http:\/\/schema.org\/NewCondition","availability":"http:\/\/schema.org\/InStock"}},{"@type":"Product","name":"Alpha Lion SuperHuman Pump Pink Swole Burst - 42 Servings","sku":"ALG86","description":"
SUPERHUMAN PUMP - Stim Free Pre Workout<\/p> \r\n
Bigger Pumps Better Hydration\u2020
Savage non-stim muscle pumps during training\u2020
Ignite new gains while cycling off caffeine\u2020
Balloon-like Muscle Fullness even AFTER your workout\u2020
Freaky vascularity within minutes of your 1st Set\u2020
Caffeine-free
If You Aren\u2019t Taking SuperHuman Pump Your Muscles Are Flatter Than A Pancake\u2020<\/p>\r\n
SUPERHUMAN PUMP is a revolutionary stim-free pre-workout experience scientifically engineered to give you violent muscle pumps and muscles so full you may rip the sleeves off your shirt during your workout!\u2020<\/p>\r\n
SUPERHUMAN PUMP contains a MAX-DOSED formula packed with the following perfect pump primers:<\/p>\r\n
8000 mg of L-Citrulline Malate
150 mg of S7
3000 mg of HydroPrime
3500 mg of Beta-Alanine
350 mg of pink sea salt
600 mg of Organic Lion\u2019s Mane
300 mg of AlphaSize<\/p>\r\n
With these absolutely LOADED premium ingredients, you have an unparalleled workout experience you have to feel in your biceps to believe!<\/p>\r\n
Description Icon
How To Take SuperHuman Pump?<\/p>\r\n
Option 1: As a standalone product take 15-30 minutes before your workout.<\/p>\r\n
Option 2: Stack with any of our SuperHuman Pre-Workouts for maximum energy, pump & performance.\u2020<\/p>\r\n
Option 3: When cycling off stims, take SUPERHUMAN PUMP every other workout, so effectively you are giving your body a 24-48 hour break from stimulants.<\/p>\r\n
\u2020These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.<\/p>\r\n
**not suitable for persons under 18 years old.<\/p>\r\n
100% Label Transparency<\/p>\r\n
Only cowards hide behind magical \u201cblends\u201d in their formulas that are simply marketing excuses for underdosed ingredients and ineffective products.<\/p>\r\n
Formulated with 100% transparency, using premium & patented ingredients at clinical dosages.<\/p>\r\n
We take pride in our Full Label Disclosure, so you see EVERY ingredient inside.<\/p>\r\n
<\/p>\r\n
<\/p>\r\n
<\/p>","gtin12":"810037996524","image":["https:\/\/siteimgs.com\/10017\/item\/pump-pink_1699633878-0.jpg"],"brand":"Alpha Lion","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/33562\/alpha-lion-superhuman-pump-pink-swole-burst-42.htm","offers":{"@type":"Offer","priceCurrency":"USD","price":"41.24","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/33562\/alpha-lion-superhuman-pump-pink-swole-burst-42.htm","itemCondition":"http:\/\/schema.org\/NewCondition","availability":"http:\/\/schema.org\/InStock"}},{"@type":"Product","name":"Alpha Lion SuperHuman Pump Super Starfruit - 42 Servings","sku":"ALG82","description":"
SUPERHUMAN PUMP - Stim Free Pre Workout<\/p> \r\n
Bigger Pumps Better Hydration†
Savage non-stim muscle pumps during training†
Ignite new gains while cycling off caffeine†
Balloon-like Muscle Fullness even AFTER your workout†
Freaky vascularity within minutes of your 1st Set†
Caffeine-free
If You Aren’t Taking SuperHuman Pump Your Muscles Are Flatter Than A Pancake†<\/p>\r\n
SUPERHUMAN PUMP is a revolutionary stim-free pre-workout experience scientifically engineered to give you violent muscle pumps and muscles so full you may rip the sleeves off your shirt during your workout!†<\/p>\r\n
SUPERHUMAN PUMP contains a MAX-DOSED formula packed with the following perfect pump primers:<\/p>\r\n
8000 mg of L-Citrulline Malate
150 mg of S7
3000 mg of HydroPrime
3500 mg of Beta-Alanine
350 mg of pink sea salt
600 mg of Organic Lion’s Mane
300 mg of AlphaSize<\/p>\r\n
With these absolutely LOADED premium ingredients, you have an unparalleled workout experience you have to feel in your biceps to believe!<\/p>\r\n
Description Icon
How To Take SuperHuman Pump?<\/p>\r\n
Option 1: As a standalone product take 15-30 minutes before your workout.<\/p>\r\n
Option 2: Stack with any of our SuperHuman Pre-Workouts for maximum energy, pump & performance.†<\/p>\r\n
Option 3: When cycling off stims, take SUPERHUMAN PUMP every other workout, so effectively you are giving your body a 24-48 hour break from stimulants.<\/p>\r\n
†These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.<\/p>\r\n
**not suitable for persons under 18 years old.<\/p>\r\n
100% Label Transparency<\/p>\r\n
Only cowards hide behind magical “blends” in their formulas that are simply marketing excuses for underdosed ingredients and ineffective products.<\/p>\r\n
Formulated with 100% transparency, using premium & patented ingredients at clinical dosages.<\/p>\r\n
We take pride in our Full Label Disclosure, so you see EVERY ingredient inside.<\/p>\r\n
<\/p>\r\n
<\/p>\r\n
Up the volume with Animal Pump, the \"core\u201d non-stim pre-workout product for \"pumps\u201d. For the bodybuilder, getting the pump is the name of the game, what it\u2019s all about. It\u2019s not just an addictive feeling. Your muscles don\u2019t just feel bigger. They are. A pump signals the start of oxygen and nutrient-rich blood flooding into the muscle, setting the table for new growth. So is your table set?.\u2020<\/SPAN><\/P> The formulation of Animal Pump Pro was designed by IFBB Pro John Jewett to utilize synergy between effectively dosed ingredients to maximize pump, performance and focus in the gym. We created Animal Pump Pro to also be stimulant free for those sensitive to caffeine but still want all the performance, recovery and focus benefits of a pre-workout. Take a look into the ingredients that will take your training to the next level:<\/SPAN><\/P> PUMP AND CELL VOLUMINZATION BLEND: Nitrosigine: A patented compound consisting of Arginine and silicon bound together by inositol. Nitrosigine can increase NO production 5x more effectively than Arginine, decrease markers of muscle damage in training, and remove metabolic byproduct from working muscle. Silicon, a component of Nitrosigine, has been shown to increase the strength and flexibility of arterial walls, which leads to improved blood flow and state of cardiovascular health.<\/SPAN><\/P> Hydromax: A patented highly concentrated form of glycerol that can increase stamina prevent endurance decline during training. Its highly osmotic and can increase total body water volume supersaturating muscle cells promoting the cell swelling \"pump\u201d effect. This will improve muscle fullness and vascularity. Glycerol can also play a role in thermoregulation during high temperatures.<\/SPAN><\/P> Creatine monohydrate: The most research-proven ergogenic aid in strength training. Creatine provides a source of phosphate for ATP production, improving strength, power output and lean mass gains. Also, an osmotically active compound with the ability to pull water inside the muscle, in turn increasing the cell swelling \"pump\u201d effect.<\/SPAN><\/P> ENERGY AND FOCUS BLEND: Huperzine A: An acetylcholinestersase inhibitor. This is a cholinergic compound that prevents the degradation of acetylcholine in the brain. By preventing the breakdown of acetylcholine, Huperzine A can improve motivation, focus and task specificity.<\/SPAN><\/P> L- Tyrosine: an amino acid used to produce noradrenaline and dopamine. L-tyrosine provides the raw material for these catecholamines, which has a positive effect on preventing cognitive decline during acute stresses, just like what is experienced during hard training sessions.<\/SPAN><\/P> Stimulants. Sometimes you just don’t want them. For whatever the reason is, it doesn’t matter. However, you still want the focus and the drive which is undeniable. We all know they aren’t needed, which is why we created Hooligan Bare Knuckle. It’s the NEW KING OF NON-STIMULANT NITRATE LOADED PRE-WORKOUTS WITHOUT QUESTION.<\/p>\r\n <\/p> \r\n Each tub of Apollon Nutrition Hooligan Bare Knuckle provides you with either 40 or 20 servings – depending on how strong you want your pre-workout to be. You can mix it with 1\/2 serving of OG Stimulant Hooligan or double up for a non-stimulant flexapalooza pump orgy. Basically strong or STRONG AF WITHOUT STIMULANTS. That being said, you should proceed with caution when using our new and improved formula. Bare Knuckle is not your average pre-workout powder – IT WILL PUNCH YOU IN THE FACE WITH POTENCY.<\/p>\r\n While one scoop is the recommended serving size due to the potency, it would be wise to start with half a scoop to assess your individual tolerance. Maybe even less if you've taken some weak garbage from \"legacy brands.\" You may be thinking to yourself, \"Eh, I can start with the full serving – I can handle it.”<\/p>\r\n As mentioned above, the precise mix of ingredients found in this pre-workout powder is what increases the strength and gives you the non-stimulant EDGE to crush anything you want to in the gym. This unique array of ingredients work together to enhance the overall effect felt during your intense workouts. In fact, they may scare you and ALL WITHOUT STIMULANTS!<\/p>\r\n <\/p>\r\n <\/p>\r\n †These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.<\/p>","gtin12":"850042072073","image":["https:\/\/siteimgs.com\/10017\/item\/bare-orange_1671487153-0.jpg"],"brand":"Apollon Nutrition","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/32692\/apollon-nutrition-bare-knuckle-stim-free-pre.htm","offers":{"@type":"Offer","priceCurrency":"USD","price":"50.96","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/32692\/apollon-nutrition-bare-knuckle-stim-free-pre.htm","itemCondition":"http:\/\/schema.org\/NewCondition","availability":"http:\/\/schema.org\/OutOfStock"}},{"@type":"Product","name":"Axe & Sledge Hydraulic ICEE Blue Raspberry - 40 Servings","sku":"AXS60","description":" Hydraulic is the first non-stimulant pre-workout of its kind. Hydraulic is the first stimulant free pre-workout of its kind. A pre-workout formula free of any stimulants that you can actually feel! Get the blood coursing through your veins and a warm sensation driven to the body part you are working! We were able to combine patented ingredients to enhance the mind-to-muscle connection, with an increased level of mental focus, increase blood flow, power & strength, and create more roundness and fullness to the muscles. Hydraulic is a revolutionary pump formula designed specifically by Seth Feroce.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n Hydraulic V2 \/\/ Non-stim Pre-workout<\/strong><\/p> \r\n Hydraulic V2 Has Higher Doses Of L-citrulline And Beta-alanine, It Also Features Several New Trademarked Ingredients Including Vasodrive-ap®, Citrapeak®, Cognatiq®, And Astragin®. Some Ingredients That Remained The Same In Hydraulic V2 Include Hydromax® Glycerol, L-taurine, And L-tyrosine.<\/p>\r\n Overall, Hydraulic V2 Is A Much More Well-rounded Pre-workout With Enhanced Pumps, Hydration, Performance, And Focus. Along With The Revised Formula, The Labels Have Been Redesigned To Have A More Modern Look With A Raised Texture.<\/p>\r\n <\/p> Hydraulic V2 \/\/ Non-stim Pre-workout<\/strong><\/p>\r\n Hydraulic V2 Has Higher Doses Of L-citrulline And Beta-alanine, It Also Features Several New Trademarked Ingredients Including Vasodrive-ap®, Citrapeak®, Cognatiq®, And Astragin®. Some Ingredients That Remained The Same In Hydraulic V2 Include Hydromax® Glycerol, L-taurine, And L-tyrosine.<\/p>\r\n Overall, Hydraulic V2 Is A Much More Well-rounded Pre-workout With Enhanced Pumps, Hydration, Performance, And Focus. Along With The Revised Formula, The Labels Have Been Redesigned To Have A More Modern Look With A Raised Texture.<\/p>\r\n <\/p> Full Bore - Tropical Punch<\/p>\r\n Applying science to overcome the most strenuous workouts. That’s why we created FULL BORE. Full Bore focuses on blood flow, nutrient & oxygen delivery, and contains clinically proven ingredients shown to help enhance stamina and endurance, so you can focus on doing your absolute best.*<\/p>\r\n PEAK O2™ BLEND – Created from mushroom extract to increase endurance and stamina, fight muscle fatigue, combat oxidative stress and support cardiovascular function. This trademarked ingredient has been shown to increase power output over time.*<\/p>\r\n L-CITRULLINE+AGMATINE SULFATE – Powerful nitric oxide boosters to promote better blood flow to body, brain, and central nervous systems.*<\/p>\r\n BETAINE ANHYDROUS – Enhanced cellular hydration. By increasing anaerobic workout efficiency, betaine anhydrous may boost sprint power output during the times when burst speed matters most.*<\/p>\r\n BEET ROOT – A nutrient-rich anti-inflammatory that promotes cardiovascular performance.*<\/p>\r\n * These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. DNA DISPATCH DNA Dispatch can be used anytime of day, even late night workouts, and it won’t affect your sleep. DNA Dispatch is extremely effective on its own, or can be stacked with either Convict Stim or Locked Down for even more intense energy, performance, and muscle pumps!<\/p>\r\n DNA DISPATCH BENEFITS †EXERCISE AND PROPER DIET ARE NECESSARY TO ACHIEVE AND MAINTAIN WEIGHT LOSS. RESULTS VARY DEPENDING UPON STARTING POINT, GOALS, AND EFFORT. †THIS STATEMENT HAS NOT BEEN EVALUATED BY THE FDA. THIS PRODUCT IS NOT INTENDED TO DIAGNOSE, TREAT, CURE, OR PREVENT ANY DISEASE. †ALWAYS REFERENCE THE INGREDIENTS AND DIRECTIONS ON THE PRODUCT LABEL FOR THE PRODUCT(S) †RESULTS ARE NOT GUARANTEED AND VARY DEPENDING UPON STARTING POINT, GOALS, AND EFFORT. †MUST BE 18 YEARS OR OLDER TO PURCHASE<\/p>","gtin12":"869089000246","image":["https:\/\/siteimgs.com\/10017\/item\/dna-dispatch-pre-workout_1674675559-0.jpg"],"brand":"Condemned Labz","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/32806\/concemned-dna-dispatch-stim-free-pre-workout-180.htm","offers":{"@type":"Offer","priceCurrency":"USD","price":"31.99","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/32806\/concemned-dna-dispatch-stim-free-pre-workout-180.htm","itemCondition":"http:\/\/schema.org\/NewCondition","availability":"http:\/\/schema.org\/OutOfStock"}},{"@type":"Product","name":"Core Nutritionals PUMP Australian Raspberry Chews - 40 Scoops","sku":"CU353","description":" Core PUMP\u2019s emphasis is what we call a \"performance pump\u201d \u2013 that is, increasing localized blood flow with a purpose. And the purpose is delivering real, measurable increases to key markers in exercise physiology, such as total time to exhaustion and peak power. We achieve the performance pump in Core PUMP by including ingredients that not only increase dilatory tone \u2013 and therefore elicit the \"pump\u201d effect \u2013 but do so while delivering real performance benefits. Beta Alanine, for example, is well-established to increase endurance, stamina, and peak power output \u2013 but it additionally increases blood flow. L-Citrulline is well-established to increase blood flow, but it also increases peak power output. In other words, each ingredient in Core PUMP facilitates the dual purpose behind the performance pump: delivering you the gratifying feeling of a pump, but also servicing your goal of progression.<\/SPAN><\/P> Beyond its demonstrable performance benefits, PUMP also tastes amazing. We taste tested literally dozens of rounds of PUMP for a flavor matrix that combined amazing taste \u2013 which is difficult, if you know the taste of these ingredients! \u2013 and a mouth feel that made PUMP eminently drinkable. We think you will agree that we found that combination. Black Lightning, Cherry Burst, and Tropic Thunder are potent enough to deliver the flavor you want, while subtle enough to be sipped and enjoyed \u2013 a quality fairly unique to the pump product category, where most products are choked down with a pinched nose.<\/SPAN><\/P> In sum, the new Core PUMP represents the best the Core Nutritionals has to offer: amazing formula with a purpose, combined with great taste.<\/SPAN><\/P> Physiological Properties and Effects:<\/SPAN><\/P> L-Citrulline<\/SPAN><\/P> Citrulline is a non-essential, non-protein amino acid that forms during the urea cycle and forms ornithine when combined with carbon dioxide. Citrulline is also a critical source of endogenous (natural) arginine, as it is rapidly and efficiently converted to arginine in the vascular endothelium and other tissues.<\/SPAN><\/P> Citrulline\u2019s benefits have been shown to be greater than its parent compound. While arginine undergoes direct hepatic (liver) metabolism through the enzyme arginase, citrulline bypasses hepatic metabolism entirely and it is delivered straight to the bloodstream. The result is that gut absorption and plasma (blood) bioavailability studies comparing citrulline and arginine have shown two things. First, that citrulline is less readily destroyed and has greater absorption than arginine. Second, that citrulline supplementation increases arginine levels more effectively than arginine supplementation itself.<\/SPAN><\/P> This translates to promising results. For example, animal studies show a significant increase in anaerobic performance at a 250mg\/kg\/day serving of citrulline, while studies in humans implicate citrulline in both aerobic and anaerobic performance increases. As a critical part of the urea cycle, citrulline\u2019s performance benefits are thought to be a result of its role in ammonia clearance. Citrulline is implicated in reducing the oxygen cost of muscle processes, along with increasing the rate of post-exercise ATP and phosphocreatine replenishment. As ATP and phosphocreatine are the body\u2019s \u2018exercise fuel,\u2019 this may result in citrulline delaying time to exhaustion in aerobic and anaerobic exercise.<\/SPAN><\/P> In combination with the HydroMax\u2122 found in Core PUMP, citrulline\u2019s potential endurance applications are significant.<\/SPAN><\/P> Beta-Alanine<\/SPAN><\/P> Carnosine is a bit of an odd duck: we know that it is crucial for muscle function, and that dietary sources of caronsine are essential, but we don\u2019t know precisely how it\u2019s working. Moreover, for decades, we had no idea how to increase intramuscular concentrations, as exogenous carnosine sources degraded in the body so fast as to be effectively useless.<\/SPAN><\/P> Enter beta-alanine. Simply a different iteration of one of the amino acids that comprises carnosine itself (alanine), beta-alanine has proven to be the most effective means of significantly increasing intramuscular concentrations of carnosine \u2013 and therefore of promoting all of carnosine\u2019s various beneficial effects on muscle performance. If that weren\u2019t enough, beta-alanine has also demonstrated beneficial physiological effects independent of its parent compound. In order to understand why, though, we need to first understand some of the basics behind carnosine itself.<\/SPAN><\/P> Carnosine, a cytoplasmic dipeptide synthesized from the precursors L-histidine and l-alanine, is present in high concentrations in skeletal muscle and plays a pivotal role as a, \"chemical buffer\u201d in myocytes (muscle cells). It has long been known that carnosine concentrations are highest in glycolytic, rather than oxidative muscle fibers (roughly speaking, explosive vs., endurance muscle fibers, respectively), and thus long hypothesized that this amino acid is required for sustained performance during supramaximal exercise. Recent research demonstrates that carnosine exerts its physiological effects in long hypoxic (low oxygen) drives by functioning as a high-capacity pH buffer in skeletal muscle, preventing the pH ratio of plasma from dropping too low \u2013 and therefore preventing crucial pH-dependent processes such as protein synthesis from being inhibited by acidosis.<\/SPAN><\/P> Despite its critical role in skeletal muscle anaerobic performance, intramyocellular synthesis of carnosine is rate-limited by the availability of l-alanine. Unfortunately, the majority of literature demonstrates that attempting to increase intramuscular levels of carnosine via either direct carnosine or alanine supplementation is largely ineffective due to carnosine\/alanine pharmacokinetics. Enter beta-alanine. Research with beta-alanine demonstrates consistent and dose-dependent increases to intramuscular carnosine concentrations with beta-alanine supplementation, with certain studies showing an increase of 40-60% with chronic administration. These same literature reveal a synergistic effect of exercise on beta-alanine supplementation, whereby the muscle adaptive changes associated with resistance training promote further intramuscular carnosine production in response to beta-alanine supplementation.<\/SPAN><\/P> In simpler language, this essentially means that beta-alanine is a dietary supplement that promotes its own effects in combination with exercise. As you exercise, you simultaneously intensify beta-alanine\u2019s physiological actions \u2013 both directly, as well as in the production of intramuscular carnosine. Once ingested, beta-alanine\u2019s exercise-specific beneficial activity is well-established. Elevation of intramuscular caronsine content via beta-alanine supplementation has been shown to improve performance in the following ways.<\/SPAN><\/P> Both acute and chronic increases in total work capacity, measured by total volume during exercise sessions. These myriad benefits make beta-alanine both one of the most-studied, and most well-rounded dietary supplements. Beta-alanine not only has direct, actionable physiological effects, but also promotes critical muscle physiologic adaptations that promote its own effects.<\/SPAN><\/P> Betaine Nitrate (as N03-T®)<\/SPAN><\/P> Betaine (trimethylglycine) is found naturally in most living organisms. It is well known to protect non-mammalian animal life in conditions of osmotic stress (a rapid change in the amount of solute surrounding a cell), in addition to functioning as an osmolyte in mammalian (including human) tissues\\. Betaine is formed in cells as an oxidation product of choline and can be obtained in the diet from foods such as spinach and beets.<\/SPAN><\/P> Though data on betaine is limited, and recent, the available literature suggests that this compound may have effects in a number of areas. Studies on betaine using servings as little as 1.25g\/day and up to 5g\/day for up to 14 days have shown promising results. In one study, a 2.5g\/day serving was found to enhance endurance and total repetition volume for the squat, bench press, and jump squat in in healthy-exercised trained adults. A similar study using the same serving found that betaine use increased peak power and maximum peak power, along with force and the maintenance of both force and power in healthy, exercise-trained subjects.<\/SPAN><\/P> Perhaps more interesting, however, is a study which examined betaine\u2019s effect on the endocrine system. This study revealed that betaine may exert an effect on several endocrine processes given the proper conditions, causing the authors to hypothesize that long(er) term betaine supplementation may increase the hypertrophic response to resistance training.<\/SPAN><\/P> Pairing betaine with the patented nitrate (N03-T®) enhances nitric oxide production via the nitrate-nitrite pathway. Organic nitrate esters have a direct relaxant effect on vascular smooth muscles through non-nitric oxide synthase pathways, being directly converted first to nitrites and then to nitric oxide itself. (With attendant increases to guanylyl cyclase and then cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), which relax the vasculature.) Pairing both nitric oxide synthase and non-nitric oxide synthase-dependent mechanisms of actions theoretically enhances total NO production, given that rate-limiting enzymatic pathways in either mechanisms do not determine total NO production.<\/SPAN><\/P> In an absolute sense, both inorganic and organic nitrates also possess benefits beyond a secondary NO-production pathway. Studies in athletes have demonstrated that nitrate ingestion prior to both aerobic and anaerobic exercise meaningfully increases both delay to fatigue and total work capacity \u2013 likely a consequence of nitrate\u2019s activation in hypoxic (oxygen-deprived tissues). Nitrate effectively reduces the oxygen cost of muscular activity, making contractions more efficient.<\/SPAN><\/P> PeakO2®<\/SPAN><\/P> PeakO2® is an organic-certified combination of six Ayurvedic mushroom strains extracted for their principal bioactives (Cordyceps militaris (Cordyceps), Ganoderma lucidim (Reishi), Pleurotus eryngii (King Trumpet), Lentinula edodes (Shiitake), Hericium erinaceus (Lions Mane), and Trametes versicolor (Turkey Tail).<\/SPAN><\/P> The results of several human clinical trials on this compound suggest that it may meaningfully and dose-dependently impact several key metrics in exercise performance and physiology. A recent trial on 13 healthy, exercising adults consuming either 1.3 grams of PeakO2 or placebo, for example, demonstrated significant increases to oxygen kinetics, aerobic power and time to fatigue. In the adults receiving the 1.3g of PeakO2 for three weeks, VO2max (a measure of aerobic capacity) increased by 11% as compared to 1.8% in placebo; TTE (total time to exhaustion) increased by 8.2%; and peak power increased by 10%.<\/SPAN><\/P> The results were similar in an additional study with 40 healthy adults, provided both low and high-dose PeakO2 for 28 days and compared with placebo. In this trial, participants receiving the mushroom extract experienced statistically significant increases to both VO2max and heart-rate economy \u2013 suggesting that PeakO2\u2019s effects are both systemic and cumulative. That is, not only does PeakO2 exert its effects on the entirety of the human cardiovascular system \u2013 likely due to the multiple mechanisms of action in the mushroom blend \u2013 but these effects accumulate over time.<\/SPAN><\/P> These results suggest that PeakO2 may have beneficial effects on:<\/SPAN><\/P> Hydromax® (65% glycerol):<\/SPAN><\/P> Glycerol is a fascinating and highly useful compound that has achieved a somewhat cult status in the fitness community \u2013 while both peer-reviewed research and anecdotal reports centered on the endurance functions of glycerol are plentiful, its bodybuilding applications are not as widely lauded. Those who do use glycerol, however, are persistent in their belief that it provides some of the most noticeable, and effective, engorging (\"pump\u201d) effects possible.<\/SPAN><\/P> Glycerol has been well-established as a so-called, \"hyperhydrating agent\u201d because of its ability to potently and positively affect plasma (blood) osmolality. As an incredibly powerful osmotic agent, and when combined with large quantities of water, glycerol induces the intracellular retention of fluid (not the extracellular kind, you do not want) that would otherwise be renally excreted. Various research has shown that glycerol\u2019s capacity to positively affect osmolality and expand fluid volume (an increase in total body water) has beneficial effects on performance and physiologic function.<\/SPAN><\/P> Studies that administered glycerol before both moderate and high endurance fitness tests found that glycerol reduced increases to core temperature, caused athletes to exercise significantly longer before fatigue, reduced urinary elimination of water and increased total body water content, and, in several studies, significantly improved intramuscular water expansion. In less complex terms, this means glycerol has been demonstrated to keep your muscles hydrated, significantly increase the ever-desired, \"pump effect\u201d of muscle engorgement, and, maybe most importantly when it comes to a supplement formulation, deliver and keep more nutrients where they are needed (inside the muscle).<\/SPAN><\/P> Until recently, however, most of these studies noted a significant drawback: the low glycerol concentration of market-available glycerol products forced researchers to test glycerol loads that were significantly higher than average use cases. Core PUMP uses HydroMax® to overcome precisely this problem.<\/SPAN><\/P> HydroMax® is a highly-concentrated (65%) form of glycerol that offers greater water stability, and therefore potency, as compared to standard GMS (glycerol monostearate). Of particular interest to bodybuilders, HydroMax®\u2019s greater potency translates to even greater levels of intramuscular water retention \u2013 keyword, intramuscular, and therefore no bloat \u2013 over GMS.<\/SPAN><\/P> Overall, supplementation with HydroMax® has been shown to:<\/SPAN><\/P> Keep athletes hyperhydrated for extended periods of time. Of the known choline pro-drugs or precursors, Alpha GPC appears to have exert the greatest influence on circulating choline levels. Choline is an essential nutrient involved in numerous metabolic pathways, including DNA regulation and repair, protein function, and metabolism. Perhaps most importantly, the critical neurotransmitter acetylcholine is produced directly from free choline via cholinergic neurons. Acetylcholine is then responsible for several functions itself, most crucially as the compound which induces muscular contraction, and as the neuromodulator partially responsible for modulating risk\/reward, arousal, and enhancing memory.<\/SPAN><\/P> Choline\u2019s essential role as a substrate for acetylcholine, and therefore brain development, is well documented in animal models. These studies demonstrate that levels of free maternal choline have a direct and fundamental impact on prenatal brain development, with the enhancements or deficits lasting into adulthood. Choline\u2019s enhancing effect is particularly prominent in the hippocampus. In humans, the hippocampus is primarily involved in the consolidation of memory (taking short, episodic memory and translating it into long-term memory) and the learning of new information. Acetylcholine is a critical component in these processes, as mentioned above, and choline may therefore play a potential role in these processes as well by providing the substrate for acetylcholine synthesis.<\/SPAN><\/P> Whether through these, or other independent mechanisms, a recent trial using Alpha GPC demonstrated a statistically significant increase to power output. In a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized trial, 14 healthy volunteers, split into an Alpha GPC or placebo group, were tested on various exercises. In comparison to the placebo group, the Alpha GPC group experienced a 14% increase to bench press. The researchers hypothesize that the peak power increase were the result of a substantial acute increase to growth hormone, one of the observed effects of Alpha GPC supplementation.<\/SPAN><\/P> Core PUMP’s emphasis is what we call a \"performance pump” – that is, increasing localized blood flow with a purpose. And the purpose is delivering real, measurable increases to key markers in exercise physiology, such as total time to exhaustion and peak power. We achieve the performance pump in Core PUMP by including ingredients that not only increase dilatory tone – and therefore elicit the \"pump” effect – but do so while delivering real performance benefits. Beta Alanine, for example, is well-established to increase endurance, stamina, and peak power output – but it additionally increases blood flow. L-Citrulline is well-established to increase blood flow, but it also increases peak power output. In other words, each ingredient in Core PUMP facilitates the dual purpose behind the performance pump: delivering you the gratifying feeling of a pump, but also servicing your goal of progression.<\/span><\/p> Beyond its demonstrable performance benefits, PUMP also tastes amazing. We taste tested literally dozens of rounds of PUMP for a flavor matrix that combined amazing taste – which is difficult, if you know the taste of these ingredients! – and a mouth feel that made PUMP eminently drinkable. We think you will agree that we found that combination. Black Lightning, Cherry Burst, and Tropic Thunder are potent enough to deliver the flavor you want, while subtle enough to be sipped and enjoyed – a quality fairly unique to the pump product category, where most products are choked down with a pinched nose.<\/span><\/p> In sum, the new Core PUMP represents the best the Core Nutritionals has to offer: amazing formula with a purpose, combined with great taste.<\/span><\/p> Physiological Properties and Effects:<\/span><\/p> L-Citrulline<\/span><\/p> Citrulline is a non-essential, non-protein amino acid that forms during the urea cycle and forms ornithine when combined with carbon dioxide. Citrulline is also a critical source of endogenous (natural) arginine, as it is rapidly and efficiently converted to arginine in the vascular endothelium and other tissues.<\/span><\/p> Citrulline’s benefits have been shown to be greater than its parent compound. While arginine undergoes direct hepatic (liver) metabolism through the enzyme arginase, citrulline bypasses hepatic metabolism entirely and it is delivered straight to the bloodstream. The result is that gut absorption and plasma (blood) bioavailability studies comparing citrulline and arginine have shown two things. First, that citrulline is less readily destroyed and has greater absorption than arginine. Second, that citrulline supplementation increases arginine levels more effectively than arginine supplementation itself.<\/span><\/p> This translates to promising results. For example, animal studies show a significant increase in anaerobic performance at a 250mg\/kg\/day serving of citrulline, while studies in humans implicate citrulline in both aerobic and anaerobic performance increases. As a critical part of the urea cycle, citrulline’s performance benefits are thought to be a result of its role in ammonia clearance. Citrulline is implicated in reducing the oxygen cost of muscle processes, along with increasing the rate of post-exercise ATP and phosphocreatine replenishment. As ATP and phosphocreatine are the body’s ‘exercise fuel,’ this may result in citrulline delaying time to exhaustion in aerobic and anaerobic exercise.<\/span><\/p> In combination with the HydroMax™ found in Core PUMP, citrulline’s potential endurance applications are significant.<\/span><\/p> Beta-Alanine<\/span><\/p> Carnosine is a bit of an odd duck: we know that it is crucial for muscle function, and that dietary sources of caronsine are essential, but we don’t know precisely how it’s working. Moreover, for decades, we had no idea how to increase intramuscular concentrations, as exogenous carnosine sources degraded in the body so fast as to be effectively useless.<\/span><\/p> Enter beta-alanine. Simply a different iteration of one of the amino acids that comprises carnosine itself (alanine), beta-alanine has proven to be the most effective means of significantly increasing intramuscular concentrations of carnosine – and therefore of promoting all of carnosine’s various beneficial effects on muscle performance. If that weren’t enough, beta-alanine has also demonstrated beneficial physiological effects independent of its parent compound. In order to understand why, though, we need to first understand some of the basics behind carnosine itself.<\/span><\/p> Carnosine, a cytoplasmic dipeptide synthesized from the precursors L-histidine and l-alanine, is present in high concentrations in skeletal muscle and plays a pivotal role as a, \"chemical buffer” in myocytes (muscle cells). It has long been known that carnosine concentrations are highest in glycolytic, rather than oxidative muscle fibers (roughly speaking, explosive vs., endurance muscle fibers, respectively), and thus long hypothesized that this amino acid is required for sustained performance during supramaximal exercise. Recent research demonstrates that carnosine exerts its physiological effects in long hypoxic (low oxygen) drives by functioning as a high-capacity pH buffer in skeletal muscle, preventing the pH ratio of plasma from dropping too low – and therefore preventing crucial pH-dependent processes such as protein synthesis from being inhibited by acidosis.<\/span><\/p> Despite its critical role in skeletal muscle anaerobic performance, intramyocellular synthesis of carnosine is rate-limited by the availability of l-alanine. Unfortunately, the majority of literature demonstrates that attempting to increase intramuscular levels of carnosine via either direct carnosine or alanine supplementation is largely ineffective due to carnosine\/alanine pharmacokinetics. Enter beta-alanine. Research with beta-alanine demonstrates consistent and dose-dependent increases to intramuscular carnosine concentrations with beta-alanine supplementation, with certain studies showing an increase of 40-60% with chronic administration. These same literature reveal a synergistic effect of exercise on beta-alanine supplementation, whereby the muscle adaptive changes associated with resistance training promote further intramuscular carnosine production in response to beta-alanine supplementation.<\/span><\/p> In simpler language, this essentially means that beta-alanine is a dietary supplement that promotes its own effects in combination with exercise. As you exercise, you simultaneously intensify beta-alanine’s physiological actions – both directly, as well as in the production of intramuscular carnosine. Once ingested, beta-alanine’s exercise-specific beneficial activity is well-established. Elevation of intramuscular caronsine content via beta-alanine supplementation has been shown to improve performance in the following ways.<\/span><\/p> Both acute and chronic increases in total work capacity, measured by total volume during exercise sessions. These myriad benefits make beta-alanine both one of the most-studied, and most well-rounded dietary supplements. Beta-alanine not only has direct, actionable physiological effects, but also promotes critical muscle physiologic adaptations that promote its own effects.<\/span><\/p> Betaine Nitrate (as N03-T®)<\/span><\/p> Betaine (trimethylglycine) is found naturally in most living organisms. It is well known to protect non-mammalian animal life in conditions of osmotic stress (a rapid change in the amount of solute surrounding a cell), in addition to functioning as an osmolyte in mammalian (including human) tissues\\. Betaine is formed in cells as an oxidation product of choline and can be obtained in the diet from foods such as spinach and beets.<\/span><\/p> Though data on betaine is limited, and recent, the available literature suggests that this compound may have effects in a number of areas. Studies on betaine using servings as little as 1.25g\/day and up to 5g\/day for up to 14 days have shown promising results. In one study, a 2.5g\/day serving was found to enhance endurance and total repetition volume for the squat, bench press, and jump squat in in healthy-exercised trained adults. A similar study using the same serving found that betaine use increased peak power and maximum peak power, along with force and the maintenance of both force and power in healthy, exercise-trained subjects.<\/span><\/p> Perhaps more interesting, however, is a study which examined betaine’s effect on the endocrine system. This study revealed that betaine may exert an effect on several endocrine processes given the proper conditions, causing the authors to hypothesize that long(er) term betaine supplementation may increase the hypertrophic response to resistance training.<\/span><\/p> Pairing betaine with the patented nitrate (N03-T®) enhances nitric oxide production via the nitrate-nitrite pathway. Organic nitrate esters have a direct relaxant effect on vascular smooth muscles through non-nitric oxide synthase pathways, being directly converted first to nitrites and then to nitric oxide itself. (With attendant increases to guanylyl cyclase and then cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), which relax the vasculature.) Pairing both nitric oxide synthase and non-nitric oxide synthase-dependent mechanisms of actions theoretically enhances total NO production, given that rate-limiting enzymatic pathways in either mechanisms do not determine total NO production.<\/span><\/p> In an absolute sense, both inorganic and organic nitrates also possess benefits beyond a secondary NO-production pathway. Studies in athletes have demonstrated that nitrate ingestion prior to both aerobic and anaerobic exercise meaningfully increases both delay to fatigue and total work capacity – likely a consequence of nitrate’s activation in hypoxic (oxygen-deprived tissues). Nitrate effectively reduces the oxygen cost of muscular activity, making contractions more efficient.<\/span><\/p> PeakO2®<\/span><\/p> PeakO2® is an organic-certified combination of six Ayurvedic mushroom strains extracted for their principal bioactives (Cordyceps militaris (Cordyceps), Ganoderma lucidim (Reishi), Pleurotus eryngii (King Trumpet), Lentinula edodes (Shiitake), Hericium erinaceus (Lions Mane), and Trametes versicolor (Turkey Tail).<\/span><\/p> The results of several human clinical trials on this compound suggest that it may meaningfully and dose-dependently impact several key metrics in exercise performance and physiology. A recent trial on 13 healthy, exercising adults consuming either 1.3 grams of PeakO2 or placebo, for example, demonstrated significant increases to oxygen kinetics, aerobic power and time to fatigue. In the adults receiving the 1.3g of PeakO2 for three weeks, VO2max (a measure of aerobic capacity) increased by 11% as compared to 1.8% in placebo; TTE (total time to exhaustion) increased by 8.2%; and peak power increased by 10%.<\/span><\/p> The results were similar in an additional study with 40 healthy adults, provided both low and high-dose PeakO2 for 28 days and compared with placebo. In this trial, participants receiving the mushroom extract experienced statistically significant increases to both VO2max and heart-rate economy – suggesting that PeakO2’s effects are both systemic and cumulative. That is, not only does PeakO2 exert its effects on the entirety of the human cardiovascular system – likely due to the multiple mechanisms of action in the mushroom blend – but these effects accumulate over time.<\/span><\/p> These results suggest that PeakO2 may have beneficial effects on:<\/span><\/p> Hydromax® (65% glycerol):<\/span><\/p> Glycerol is a fascinating and highly useful compound that has achieved a somewhat cult status in the fitness community – while both peer-reviewed research and anecdotal reports centered on the endurance functions of glycerol are plentiful, its bodybuilding applications are not as widely lauded. Those who do use glycerol, however, are persistent in their belief that it provides some of the most noticeable, and effective, engorging (\"pump”) effects possible.<\/span><\/p> Glycerol has been well-established as a so-called, \"hyperhydrating agent” because of its ability to potently and positively affect plasma (blood) osmolality. As an incredibly powerful osmotic agent, and when combined with large quantities of water, glycerol induces the intracellular retention of fluid (not the extracellular kind, you do not want) that would otherwise be renally excreted. Various research has shown that glycerol’s capacity to positively affect osmolality and expand fluid volume (an increase in total body water) has beneficial effects on performance and physiologic function.<\/span><\/p> Studies that administered glycerol before both moderate and high endurance fitness tests found that glycerol reduced increases to core temperature, caused athletes to exercise significantly longer before fatigue, reduced urinary elimination of water and increased total body water content, and, in several studies, significantly improved intramuscular water expansion. In less complex terms, this means glycerol has been demonstrated to keep your muscles hydrated, significantly increase the ever-desired, \"pump effect” of muscle engorgement, and, maybe most importantly when it comes to a supplement formulation, deliver and keep more nutrients where they are needed (inside the muscle).<\/span><\/p> Until recently, however, most of these studies noted a significant drawback: the low glycerol concentration of market-available glycerol products forced researchers to test glycerol loads that were significantly higher than average use cases. Core PUMP uses HydroMax® to overcome precisely this problem.<\/span><\/p> HydroMax® is a highly-concentrated (65%) form of glycerol that offers greater water stability, and therefore potency, as compared to standard GMS (glycerol monostearate). Of particular interest to bodybuilders, HydroMax®’s greater potency translates to even greater levels of intramuscular water retention – keyword, intramuscular, and therefore no bloat – over GMS.<\/span><\/p> Overall, supplementation with HydroMax® has been shown to:<\/span><\/p> Keep athletes hyperhydrated for extended periods of time. Of the known choline pro-drugs or precursors, Alpha GPC appears to have exert the greatest influence on circulating choline levels. Choline is an essential nutrient involved in numerous metabolic pathways, including DNA regulation and repair, protein function, and metabolism. Perhaps most importantly, the critical neurotransmitter acetylcholine is produced directly from free choline via cholinergic neurons. Acetylcholine is then responsible for several functions itself, most crucially as the compound which induces muscular contraction, and as the neuromodulator partially responsible for modulating risk\/reward, arousal, and enhancing memory.<\/span><\/p> Choline’s essential role as a substrate for acetylcholine, and therefore brain development, is well documented in animal models. These studies demonstrate that levels of free maternal choline have a direct and fundamental impact on prenatal brain development, with the enhancements or deficits lasting into adulthood. Choline’s enhancing effect is particularly prominent in the hippocampus. In humans, the hippocampus is primarily involved in the consolidation of memory (taking short, episodic memory and translating it into long-term memory) and the learning of new information. Acetylcholine is a critical component in these processes, as mentioned above, and choline may therefore play a potential role in these processes as well by providing the substrate for acetylcholine synthesis.<\/span><\/p> Whether through these, or other independent mechanisms, a recent trial using Alpha GPC demonstrated a statistically significant increase to power output. In a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized trial, 14 healthy volunteers, split into an Alpha GPC or placebo group, were tested on various exercises. In comparison to the placebo group, the Alpha GPC group experienced a 14% increase to bench press. The researchers hypothesize that the peak power increase were the result of a substantial acute increase to growth hormone, one of the observed effects of Alpha GPC supplementation.<\/span><\/p> Core PUMP\u2019s emphasis is what we call a \"performance pump\u201d \u2013 that is, increasing localized blood flow with a purpose. And the purpose is delivering real, measurable increases to key markers in exercise physiology, such as total time to exhaustion and peak power. We achieve the performance pump in Core PUMP by including ingredients that not only increase dilatory tone \u2013 and therefore elicit the \"pump\u201d effect \u2013 but do so while delivering real performance benefits. Beta Alanine, for example, is well-established to increase endurance, stamina, and peak power output \u2013 but it additionally increases blood flow. L-Citrulline is well-established to increase blood flow, but it also increases peak power output. In other words, each ingredient in Core PUMP facilitates the dual purpose behind the performance pump: delivering you the gratifying feeling of a pump, but also servicing your goal of progression.<\/SPAN><\/P> Beyond its demonstrable performance benefits, PUMP also tastes amazing. We taste tested literally dozens of rounds of PUMP for a flavor matrix that combined amazing taste \u2013 which is difficult, if you know the taste of these ingredients! \u2013 and a mouth feel that made PUMP eminently drinkable. We think you will agree that we found that combination. Black Lightning, Cherry Burst, and Tropic Thunder are potent enough to deliver the flavor you want, while subtle enough to be sipped and enjoyed \u2013 a quality fairly unique to the pump product category, where most products are choked down with a pinched nose.<\/SPAN><\/P> In sum, the new Core PUMP represents the best the Core Nutritionals has to offer: amazing formula with a purpose, combined with great taste.<\/SPAN><\/P> Physiological Properties and Effects:<\/SPAN><\/P> L-Citrulline<\/SPAN><\/P> Citrulline is a non-essential, non-protein amino acid that forms during the urea cycle and forms ornithine when combined with carbon dioxide. Citrulline is also a critical source of endogenous (natural) arginine, as it is rapidly and efficiently converted to arginine in the vascular endothelium and other tissues.<\/SPAN><\/P> Citrulline\u2019s benefits have been shown to be greater than its parent compound. While arginine undergoes direct hepatic (liver) metabolism through the enzyme arginase, citrulline bypasses hepatic metabolism entirely and it is delivered straight to the bloodstream. The result is that gut absorption and plasma (blood) bioavailability studies comparing citrulline and arginine have shown two things. First, that citrulline is less readily destroyed and has greater absorption than arginine. Second, that citrulline supplementation increases arginine levels more effectively than arginine supplementation itself.<\/SPAN><\/P> This translates to promising results. For example, animal studies show a significant increase in anaerobic performance at a 250mg\/kg\/day serving of citrulline, while studies in humans implicate citrulline in both aerobic and anaerobic performance increases. As a critical part of the urea cycle, citrulline\u2019s performance benefits are thought to be a result of its role in ammonia clearance. Citrulline is implicated in reducing the oxygen cost of muscle processes, along with increasing the rate of post-exercise ATP and phosphocreatine replenishment. As ATP and phosphocreatine are the body\u2019s \u2018exercise fuel,\u2019 this may result in citrulline delaying time to exhaustion in aerobic and anaerobic exercise.<\/SPAN><\/P> In combination with the HydroMax\u2122 found in Core PUMP, citrulline\u2019s potential endurance applications are significant.<\/SPAN><\/P><\/p>","gtin12":"810037996388","image":["https:\/\/siteimgs.com\/10017\/item\/sh-pump-super-starfruit-1_1694718441-0.jpg"],"brand":"Alpha Lion","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/33445\/alpha-lion-superhuman-pump-super-starfruit-42.htm","offers":{"@type":"Offer","priceCurrency":"USD","price":"41.24","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/33445\/alpha-lion-superhuman-pump-super-starfruit-42.htm","itemCondition":"http:\/\/schema.org\/NewCondition","availability":"http:\/\/schema.org\/InStock"}},{"@type":"Product","name":"Animal Pump Pro Green Apple - 20 Servings","sku":"UV433","description":"
Citrulline Malate: Is an amino acid and a more effective means to increase L-arginine in the serum than taking L-arginine itself, which significantly increases nitric oxide (NO) levels. By improving blood flow to working muscle, citrulline can decrease fatigue, increase work capacity, and strength.<\/SPAN><\/P>
Alpha-GPC: Ability to cross the blood-brain barrier and provide choline, which can promote acetylcholine formation. Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter involved in neural function and muscle contraction. By boosting acetylcholine levels there is an enhancement in focus, cognitive function, and ability to produce stronger muscle contractions.<\/SPAN><\/P>
Sea salt: Sodium Chloride, a crucial component to an athlete\u2019s hydration. Sodium is the main electrolyte in the extracellular fluid and has a major role in digestion, cognitive function, and muscle contraction. Even as little as 2% fluid loss can cause a decline in exercise performance, so hydration is one key to the best workouts possible.<\/SPAN><\/DIV><\/DIV><\/SPAN>","gtin12":"039442042071","image":["https:\/\/siteimgs.com\/10017\/item\/pump-pro-green_1675898126-0.jpg"],"brand":"Universal Nutrition & Animal","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/29310\/universal-animal-pump-pro-green-apple-30-servings.htm","offers":{"@type":"Offer","priceCurrency":"USD","price":"46.95","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/29310\/universal-animal-pump-pro-green-apple-30-servings.htm","itemCondition":"http:\/\/schema.org\/NewCondition","availability":"http:\/\/schema.org\/OutOfStock"}},{"@type":"Product","name":"Apollon Nutrition Bare Knuckle Stim-Free Pre Workout Orange Cream - 20\/40 Servings","sku":"APN100","description":"
<\/p>\r\n
Hydraulic \/\/ pre-pump<\/h3>\r\n
Blood flow = Nutrient Flow = Growth<\/p>\r\n<\/p>\r\n
","gtin12":"750258226140","image":["https:\/\/siteimgs.com\/10017\/item\/hyd-icee-br-1200x_1624371550-0.jpg"],"brand":"Axe and Sledge","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/31073\/axe-sledge-hydraulic-cherry-40-servings.htm","offers":{"@type":"Offer","priceCurrency":"USD","price":"46.99","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/31073\/axe-sledge-hydraulic-cherry-40-servings.htm","itemCondition":"http:\/\/schema.org\/NewCondition","availability":"http:\/\/schema.org\/InStock"}},{"@type":"Product","name":"Axe & Sledge Hydraulic V2 Glacier - 20-40 Servings","sku":"AXS111","description":"
Benefits:<\/strong>
Juicy Pumps
Increased Performance
Elevated Thermogenesis
Laser Focus<\/p>\r\n
Key Ingredients:<\/strong>
8 Grams L-citrulline
3 Grams Hydromax®
3.2 Grams Beta-alanine
508 Mg Vasodrive-ap®
200 Mg Citrapeak®
100 Mg Cognatiq®
50 Mg Astragin®<\/p>\r\n","gtin12":"676737141585","image":["https:\/\/siteimgs.com\/10017\/item\/hydraulicv2-0000s-0001-gl_1700166728-0.jpg"],"brand":"Axe and Sledge","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/33588\/axe-sledge-hydraulic-v2-glacier-20-40-servings.htm","offers":{"@type":"Offer","priceCurrency":"USD","price":"54.99","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/33588\/axe-sledge-hydraulic-v2-glacier-20-40-servings.htm","itemCondition":"http:\/\/schema.org\/NewCondition","availability":"http:\/\/schema.org\/OutOfStock"}},{"@type":"Product","name":"Axe & Sledge Hydraulic V2 Shark Bite - 20-40 Servings","sku":"AXS112","description":"
Benefits:<\/strong>
Juicy Pumps
Increased Performance
Elevated Thermogenesis
Laser Focus<\/p>\r\n
Key Ingredients:<\/strong>
8 Grams L-citrulline
3 Grams Hydromax®
3.2 Grams Beta-alanine
508 Mg Vasodrive-ap®
200 Mg Citrapeak®
100 Mg Cognatiq®
50 Mg Astragin®<\/p>\r\n","gtin12":"750258227642","image":["https:\/\/siteimgs.com\/10017\/item\/hydraulicv2-0000s-0002-sh_1700166399-0.jpg"],"brand":"Axe and Sledge","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/33587\/axe-sledge-hydraulic-v2-shark-bite-20-40-servings.htm","offers":{"@type":"Offer","priceCurrency":"USD","price":"54.99","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/33587\/axe-sledge-hydraulic-v2-shark-bite-20-40-servings.htm","itemCondition":"http:\/\/schema.org\/NewCondition","availability":"http:\/\/schema.org\/InStock"}},{"@type":"Product","name":"Bucked Up Full Bore - Tropical Punch - 30 Servings","sku":"BU212","description":"
Whether it's going for a swim, bike ride, run, or any other activity, FULL BORE has exactly what you need for optimum performance.<\/p>\r\n<\/p>\r\n
This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.<\/p>","gtin12":"811374039509","image":["https:\/\/siteimgs.com\/10017\/item\/fullbore-tropicalpunch_1674595652-0.jpg"],"brand":"Bucked Up","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/32801\/bucked-up-full-bore-tropical-punch-30-servings.htm","offers":{"@type":"Offer","priceCurrency":"USD","price":"44.95","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/32801\/bucked-up-full-bore-tropical-punch-30-servings.htm","itemCondition":"http:\/\/schema.org\/NewCondition","availability":"http:\/\/schema.org\/InStock"}},{"@type":"Product","name":"Condemned Labz DNA Dispatch - Stim Free Pre Workout - 180 Cap","sku":"CDM04","description":"
DNA Dispatch is a stimulant free pre workout formula that increases blood flow, boosts nitric oxide production, and enhances oxygen transport for superior performance without the use of any stimulants whatsoever.<\/p>\r\n
Fuels nitric oxide production
Increases power out put
Promotes vasodilation and vasorelaxation
Sustains muscle pumps
Improves oxygen utilization while training
Prolongs endurance and stamina
Accelerates recovery
Enhances energy production<\/p>\r\n<\/p>\r\n
Highly significant increases to TTE (total time to exhaustion), one of the most accurate and comprehensive measures of endurance. In various trials, beta-alanine supplementation has been shown to increase TTE by upwards of 20%.
Increases to total muscle power output in both acute and chronic trials, suggesting that beta-alanine\u2019s most significant benefit is to those engaging in power-dependent resistance training.
In total, a significant body of research exists to suggest that beta-alanine may significantly increase muscle power output, strength, training volume and output, overall performance in hypoxic (oxygen-deprived) conditions and peak VO2 max (oxygen holding capacity).<\/SPAN><\/P>
Time to exhaustion
Maximum power output
Peak strength
Anaerobic peak power
Oxygen utilization during exercise
Ability to uptake oxygen
Exercise capacity<\/SPAN><\/DIV>
As the mushrooms contained in this compound are also adaptagens, they will also increase the efficacy of the other ingredients in PUMP. Making the addition of PeakO2 both a physiological and economical decision.<\/SPAN><\/DIV>
Reduce post-workout urine volume (more efficient fluid use).
Lower heart rate and improve endurance time.
Enhance plasma and intramuscular volume expansion.
Alpha-GPC (Alpha-glycerophosphocholine)<\/SPAN><\/P><\/SPAN><\/DIV>","gtin12":"658580071264","image":["https:\/\/siteimgs.com\/10017\/item\/q3gyqb6a_1680530630-0.jpg"],"brand":"Core Nutritionals","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/32981\/core-nutritionals-pump-australian-raspberry-chews.htm","offers":{"@type":"Offer","priceCurrency":"USD","price":"49.99","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/32981\/core-nutritionals-pump-australian-raspberry-chews.htm","itemCondition":"http:\/\/schema.org\/NewCondition","availability":"http:\/\/schema.org\/InStock"}},{"@type":"Product","name":"Core Nutritionals PUMP Black Lightning - 40 Scoops","sku":"CU223","description":"
Highly significant increases to TTE (total time to exhaustion), one of the most accurate and comprehensive measures of endurance. In various trials, beta-alanine supplementation has been shown to increase TTE by upwards of 20%.
Increases to total muscle power output in both acute and chronic trials, suggesting that beta-alanine’s most significant benefit is to those engaging in power-dependent resistance training.
In total, a significant body of research exists to suggest that beta-alanine may significantly increase muscle power output, strength, training volume and output, overall performance in hypoxic (oxygen-deprived) conditions and peak VO2 max (oxygen holding capacity).<\/span><\/p>
Time to exhaustion
Maximum power output
Peak strength
Anaerobic peak power
Oxygen utilization during exercise
Ability to uptake oxygen
Exercise capacity<\/span><\/div>
As the mushrooms contained in this compound are also adaptagens, they will also increase the efficacy of the other ingredients in PUMP. Making the addition of PeakO2 both a physiological and economical decision.<\/span><\/div>
Reduce post-workout urine volume (more efficient fluid use).
Lower heart rate and improve endurance time.
Enhance plasma and intramuscular volume expansion.
Alpha-GPC (Alpha-glycerophosphocholine)<\/span><\/p><\/span><\/div>","gtin12":"672975009489","image":["https:\/\/siteimgs.com\/10017\/item\/core-nutritionals-pump-bl_2505-0.jpg"],"brand":"Core Nutritionals","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/29695\/core-nutritionals-pump-black-lightning-40-scoops.htm","offers":{"@type":"Offer","priceCurrency":"USD","price":"49.99","url":"https:\/\/www.dpsnutrition.net\/i\/29695\/core-nutritionals-pump-black-lightning-40-scoops.htm","itemCondition":"http:\/\/schema.org\/NewCondition","availability":"http:\/\/schema.org\/OutOfStock"}},{"@type":"Product","name":"Core Nutritionals PUMP Cherry Burst - 40 Scoops","sku":"CU225","description":"