• EvoMuse Defuse - 180 Cap

EvoMuse Defuse - 180 Cap

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Defuse
Thermodynamics and Biochemistry.... A couple of mouthfuls that don’t have the potential to make you fat. Calories, on the other hand, do.

The feeding of Calories into the system known as the Human Body, and where those Calories finally end up, is a highly complex process. A number of sensing and processing pathways are put into play, each dealing with different nutrients (fat, carbs, etc), that either direct nutrients to be used as fuel, or stored as fat. The fat storage pathways are numerous but, lucky for us, can be manipulated, or inhibited, leaving potential jiggly ugliness circulating in the body to be burned for metabolic fuel.

We can’t always remain perfectly strict on our diets (and let’s be honest who wants to?) so for those times (muscle gaining cycles, holidays, vacations) we need a new approach to keeping lean. With Defuse, we have done just that.

The Defuse formula helps to prevent fat gain by preventing the mechanisms for fat storage from working optimally, leaving the body with no choice but to burn that fat away.

Defuse Fat Gain Inhibitor    

We can't always be completely strict on diet. Sometimes Holidays come up...sometimes we are looking to increase muscle gain. Either way, the goal is to maintain physique and prevent fat gain. Defuse was designed for just that purpose. There are multiple biological pathways that calories can travel through to cause fat storage. The more you are able to block those pathways, the more your body will change preference to burn that fat off as energy rather than store it. Using a comprehensive and dynamic formula, Defuse helps to prevent fat gain normally caused by short periods of extra calories.

Directions: Take 3 capsules, 30 minutes prior to largest meals of the day

Serving size: 3 capsules
Servings per container: 60

Acacia Catechu Catechins 200 mg
Platycodon Grandiflorum Saponins 250 mg
Baicalin 75 mg
Rose Ellagitannins 150 mg
18b-Glycyrrhetinic Acid 50 mg
Cinchinone Bark Alchohol extract 20:1  75 mg
(-)hydroxyCitric Acid 125 mg
Dragon Fruit Extract 100 mg
Taxilus Tieghiem 20:1  100 mg
Citrus Aurantium 100 mg
Lotus Leaf 20:1 150 mg
Phospholipid Blend 250 mg
Olive Leaf 20:1  200 mg
Galega Officionalis 20:1 250 mg
Fermented Panax Ginseng Berry 20:1  175 mg
Forskolin 60% 20 mg
Methyl Cinnamate 75 mg
Raspberry Ketones 250 mg
 

Pre-Glossary


The science behind Defuse is thick, but very digestible if you understand some key physiological terms. Give this pre-glossary a quick read, then as you go through the write up and come across one of these terms you may want to revisit the definition to get a better grasp. Or if you're already a super science nerd, feel free to skip over this section and get right to the meat.

Pre-adipocytes & pre-adipocyte differentiation
Pre-adipocytes are immature fat cells that have not yet developed distinguishing characteristics. Basically like the Army Reserve, they're called upon when needed, but instead of going into battle they are transformed into full-fledged fat cells through a process called differentiation. At this point they can start storing lipid droplets containing fats, cholesterol, and various metabolic machinery.


Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARy)
Of the three known PPAR subtypes (alpha, delta, gamma), PPARy is the only one that encourages nutrient storage upon activation. It is intricately involved in the uptake of carbohydrate and fat into adipose tissue, as well as being a key signal to trigger adipocyte differentiation.

CCAAT-enhancer binding proteins (C/EBP's)
C/EBP's include a family of six transcription factors, for our purposes we are just concerned with C/EBPa and C/EBPb. Both of these are directly involved in pre-adipocyte differentiation and work in conjunction with PPARy.

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPk)
AMPk is a major regulator of cellular energy signaling. Upregulation triggers skeletal muscle fatty acid oxidation (fat burning), increased insulin sensitivity, and glucose uptake.


Normally, AMPk is triggered during conditions of low cellular energy (low glycogen storage, energy depletion during exercise, calorie restriction, etc). During times of caloric excess (which is exactly when you'll be using Defuse), AMPk is significantly downregulated, which is quite detrimental for fat loss; hence the inclusion of AMPk activators in the formula.

Transient receptor potential vanilloid receptor 1 (TrpV1)
A few years ago some groundbreaking research came out implicating this receptor as a major player in obesity. This is the receptor that capsaicin from chili peppers interacts with, and quite a bit of research has demonstrated that triggering TrpV1 has a significant effect on fat burning.

Hormone Sensitive Lipase (HSL)
HSL is crucial for the initial phase of fat loss. It is imperative for breaking down the stored triglyceride in a fat cell into free fatty acids (FFA's) so they can be transported for oxidation (burning). The breakdown of stored triglyceride into FFA's (before transport and oxidation of the fat even occur) is a three-step process, and HSL governs the first step, and is also the rate-limiting step. Boosting HSL allows the other two steps to do more work, which allows for more fat to be burned.

Fatty Acid Synthase (FAS)
Think of FAS as the anti-HSL, basically performing the opposite function, encouraging the storage of fat. It is comprised of a group of enzymes regulated upstream by SREBP-1c, which is triggered by insulin. Research shows a significant upregulation of FAS in obesity, coupled with suppressed HSL.

Brown Adipose Tissue (BAT)
BAT is structurally and functionally different from white adipose tissue (WAT). BAT contains several, small lipid droplets surrounding the large nuclear machinery in the middle, whereas WAT contains one huge lipid droplet with a small nucleus near the cell wall. That right there gives some indication of the function of the BAT cell, along with its high mitochondria density and UCP1 expression. BAT's main function is generating heat by burning calories; the numerous small lipid droplets release their fat in response to cold in order to elevate body temperature. People with higher BAT levels (or better BAT signaling) take longer to start shivering in the cold, as their bodies are able to maintain better homeostatic thermoregulation.


Acacia Catechins

Where does it come from?
Found growing in various parts of China and India, Acacia Catechu is a tall thorny tree. It was selected for inclusion in Defuse as a source of epicatechin and EGCG.

Primary Effects
PPARy and C/EBP

Acacia Catechins have been shown to suppress pre-adipocyte differentiation through the blockade of two important fat storage proteins, C/EBP and PPARy, which has a downstream inhibition on the master fat storing gatekeeper, FAS Error: Reference source not found.


Platycodon saponins
Where does it come from?
Platycodin d. is isolated from the roots of the Platycodon grandiflorum plant, found in East Asia.

Primary Effects
AMPk Activation

Fat loss and fat gain are moderated by numerous complex mechanisms, and AMPk is a key player in this flux. Generally speaking, bolstering AMPk activation is great for fat loss, in the right amount. Platycodin d. has been shown in multiple studies to significantly inhibit fat gain and increase fat burning through AMPk activation. Downstream, this AMPk activation attenuates activation of SREBP-1 and fatty acid synthase (FAS), two hormones responsible for fat storage. This is done in a novel way by triggering SIRT1 and CaMMK-b Error: Reference source not found.

PPAR-y and C/EBPa Modulation

Platycon d. has been shown to reduce abdominal and whole body fat accumulation in mice fed an obesogenic diet by PPAR-y and C/EBPa Error: Reference source not found. Basically they gave mice Platycodon d., tried to make them fat, and couldn't do it.


Adipokine and Glucose Management

Another recent study trying to fatten up mice found that Platycodon d. was able to kick-start adiponectin (a fat burning adipokine) locally in fat cells while keeping it stable in serum compared to the placebo group. It was also able to suppress TNFa (an inflammatory cytokine) locally in fat cells. This resulted in reduced food intake and reduced fat accumulation while increasing glucose uptake in skeletal muscle Error: Reference source not found. With regards to glucose, another study showed it was able to reduce blood sugar without stimulating insulin release, which is great for enhancing fat burning as well as long term health Error: Reference source not found.


Baicalin
Where does it come from?
Baicalin is a flavone found in the herb blue skullcap.

Primary Effects
AKt, CaMKKb, AMPk, ACC, PPARy, C/EBP, FAS, KLF-2 & KLF-15

Baicalin has been shown to downregulate PPAR-y and C/EBPs; it does this by suppressing Akt phosphorylation through inhibition of PDK1 Error: Reference source not found. The net result of this, among other things, is going to be inhibiting fat accumulation by attenuating preadipocyte differentiation.


Baicalin is another AMPk activator, which does so through the favorable CaMMK pathway like Platycodin d. Error: Reference source not found. Researchers in Shanghai conducted a profound study in mice fed a high fat diet (HFD) with or without baicalin supplementation Error: Reference source not found. Keep in mind that mice don't normally eat a high fat diet, and their metabolic machinery is ill adapted to do so. After 16 weeks, the bicalin group saw the following effects:

Suppression of body weight gain normally caused by the HFD

  • Reduced visceral fat
  • Decreased cholesterol
  • Decreased circulating FFA's (a sign of increased fat oxidation)
  • Decreased circulating insulin
  • Reduced TNF-a (a potent inflammatory cytokine)
  • Reduced liver fat gain
  • Stimulation of AMPk and ACC
  • Decreased SREBP-1c and FAS


Another study out of Korea supported the previously seen fat loss potential and concluded that baicalin upregulates anti-fat storage regulators (KLF-2) and downregulates pro-fat storing regulators (KLF-15) which results in an inhibition of cellular fat accumulation Error: Reference source not found. This is a perfect storm for prevention of fat gain.


Raspberry Ketone
Where does it come from?
Raspberry Ketone (RK) is a natural phenolic, aromatic compound found in raspberries, cranberries and blackberries.

Primary Effects

TRPV1, NE, HSL

Activating the Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid Type 1 protein (TRPV1) offers numerous benefits for fat loss and general health, including prevention of adipogenesis and obesity Error: Reference source not found.

Through modulation of norepinephrine (NE) and hormone sensitive lipase (HSL), RK appears to be a powerhouse for encouraging fat loss and prevention of fat gain. When mice were fed fattening diet, RK prevented visceral and liver fat accumulation as well as reversing the fat gain in previously obese mice Error: Reference source not found. Recently liver fat has been implicated in metabolic disturbances to an even greater degree than the previous villain, visceral fat, so this is a benefit of great magnitude for overall health Error: Reference source not found.


18b-glycyrrhetinic acid
Where does it come from?
18b-glycyrrhetinic acid (18b-GA) is a metabolite of glycyrrhetinic acid with very unique properties found in the licorice herb.

Primary Effects
While high doses of licorice/glycyrrhetinic acid have been shown to inhibit the enzyme 11b-HSD, which is responsible for converting cortisol to the inactive form cortisone Error: Reference source not found, the low dose of this specific 18b metabolite have some important yet unrelated effects.


PPARy, C/EBPa, HSL, HbA1c, Inflammation

18b-GA is another ingredient in DeFuse selected for its potent inhibitory effect on the likely now familiar PPARy and C/EBPa pathway. A recent university study out of South Korea found that 18b-GA was able to decrease lipid accumulation by downregulation of PPARy and C/EBPa in maturing pre-adipocytes. In addition to this effect on pre-adipocytes, it was also able to increase fat release, upregulate HSL, adipose TG lipase and perilipin in mature fat cells Error: Reference source not found. So basically 18b-GA is going to prevent immature fat cells from becoming fat cells, and increase lipolysis in mature fat cells, a perfect two pronged attack.

Another study out of India showed that 18b-GA was able to control blood glucose and HbA1c in diabetic rats on par with the potent pharmaceutical glibenclamide Error: Reference source not found. It also appears to have a significant effect on preventing free fatty acid induced lipid accumulation and lipotoxicity by stabilizing mitochondrial lysosomes and improving liver function Error: Reference source not found. Finally, 18b-GA has also been shown to be anti-inflammatory by reducing IL-8 Error: Reference source not found. Current research shows that inflammation is likely a major contributing factor to fat gain, so by reducing inflammatory interleukins we can help create a more optimal hormonal environment.

6-gingerol
Where does it come from?
Gingerol, found in ginger, is chemically similar to capsaicin and piperine. Once cooked, gingerol becomes zingerone.

Primary Effects
PPARy, C/EBPa, FAS, SREBP-1c, Acetyl-CoA, Akt, AP2/4, ROS, Inflammation

In a university study out of Tokyo, researchers looked at the effect of gingerol on rats fed a fattening diet to see if it could alleviate any of the damage. They found it was able to reduce plasma insulin, SREBP-1c, and liver acetyl-CoA carboxylase, which attenuated both body weight gain and fat accumulation Error: Reference source not found.

6-gingerol is also an effective player in our main theme of targeting pre-adipocyte differentiation. Both in vitro and in vivo, we see anti-adipogenic properties through reduction in PPARy, C/EBPa and FAS Error: Reference source not found. The researchers performing these studies also found that it was able to reduce levels of something called adipocyte-specific fatty acid binding protein (aP2, also called FABP4), which is a carrier protein for fatty acids and has become an emerging target protein for treating diabetes and obesity Error: Reference source not found.

In addition to the direct anti-adipogenic effects, gingerol can also control oxidative damage by reducing intracellular ROS and boosting glutathione, as well as reduce inflammation by blocking TNF-a, NF-kB and PKC signaling Error: Reference source not found.


Cinchonine
Where does it come from?
Cinchonine is a natural compound found in Cinchona bark, indigenous to the Western Andes.

Primary Effects
During overfeeding, cinchonine supplemented subjects gained 40% less weight, 25% less visceral fat, and had lower levels of triglycerides, glucose, serum cholesterol and free fatty acids Error: Reference source not found. It also inhibited the diet induced upregulation of inflammatory cytokines by inhibiting Toll Like Receptor 2 (TLR2). In summary, it was shown to reduce fat gain and inflammation compared to control groups when given a fattening diet.


(-)Hydroxycitric acid
Where does it come from?
Hydroxycitric Acid (HCA) is found in the tropical plant Garcinia cambogia.

Primary Effects
HCA has been shown to favorably alter the expression of genes that regulate adipogenesis and lipolysis, which makes it a great addition to the Defuse formula Error: Reference source not found. New research shows that it appears to do so by blocking a key enzyme called atp-citratelyase Error: Reference source not found. In a previous study, HCA was also shown to reduce fatty acid synthesis from glucose Error: Reference source not found.

 


Anthocyanins/betalains
Where does it come from?
Anthocyanins and betalains are a class of pigmentations found in various plants, fruits and flowers, with numerous health-promoting effects.

Primary Effects
PPARy, Adiponectin, NPY, Glucose, Leptin, Resistin

Once again, we're targeting inhibition of PPARy to suppress fat storage. Anthocyanins have been shown to do just this, causing suppressed pre-adipocyte differentiation and lipid accumulation Error: Reference source not found. A brand new university study out of Korea looked at rats on a normal diet vs. rats on a normal diet plus anthyocyanins for 40 days Error: Reference source not found. Here's what they found in the supplemented group:

Significantly lower body weight

Reduced fat cell size

Reduced expression of neuropeptide Y (a neurotransmitter that signals increased food intake and fat storage) and of protein kinase A (a regulator of cellular energy storage).


Another study looked at the effects of anthocyanin supplementation over 10 weeks and found that it lowered total cholesterol, triglycerides, serum leptin and resistin. The researchers concluded that anthocyanins "…posess a preventative potential for obesity-associated diseases" Error: Reference source not found.


Other studies have shown an anti-obesity effect as well, demonstrating resistance to fat gain with supplementation Error: Reference source not found. Betalains specificaly have been shown to boost adiponectin, act as an antioxidant, and prevent LDL oxidation Error: Reference source not found.


Loranthus
Where does it come from?
Loranthus is a parasitic plant found growing on branches of woody trees, from the Loranthaceae family.

Primary Effects
FAS inhibition, glucose

Loranthus has several studies supporting its ability to potently inhibit FAS, making it a perfect choice to prevent fat gain, and a key ingredient in the formula.


Initially, Tian et. al, discovered that loranthus potently inhibits FAS to a greater extent than cerulenin and C75 (currently used to inhibit FAS in a laboratory setting), and also reduced body weight in tested subjects Error: Reference source not found. Next, they established an IC50 value (a measurement used to determine the inhibitory potency of a compound) and found that loranthus has both a fast acting and long acting effect on FAS inhibition Error: Reference source not found. Finally, they determined that the FAS inhibitory activity of loranthus comes from a specific family (Loranthaceae), so it is important to use this form, which we have done in Defuse Error: Reference source not found.


At least two other studies have shown the ability of loranthus to favorably regulate blood glucose levels, in diabetic and non-diabetic subjects Error: Reference source not found.


Citrus aurantium
Where does it come from?
Citrus aurantium (CA) refers to a citrus tree and its fruit, which contains N-methyltyramine, octopamine and synephrine.

Primary Effects
PPARy, C/EBP (a&b), FAS, aP2

Quite a bit of research has been done on CA, for now we just want to focus on a couple of studies that make it highly relevant for its inclusion in the Defuse formula.


The first noteworthy study looked at CA's effect on pre-adipocyte differentiation, and it turned out to do pretty much everything we want in an anti-fat gain compound. It was shown to downregulate PPARy, C/EBPb and C/EBPa (expression of C/EBPa makes fat cells more sensitive to insulin). In addition to this, it also dramatically decreased FAS and aP2, as well as other fat signaling pathways. This demonstrates CA's ability to positively manipulate the fat storage vs. fat burning pathway and inhibit adipocyte differentiation Error: Reference source not found.


Finally, a recent meta-analysis looking at a combination of 20 published and unpublished studies including 360 human subjects concluded that supplemental CA increases resting metabolic rate and energy expenditure Error: Reference source not found.


Lotus leaf
Where does it come from?
Lotus leaf comes from the aquatic lotus plant in the Nelumbonaceae family.

Primary Effects
SREBP-1c, REE, a-glucosidase, GLUT4, AGEs

Keeping with the recurring theme of attacking pre-adipocyte differentiation, lotus leaf could be a potentially big player in this assault. Research has demonstrated the ability of lotus to decrease SREBP-1c and triglyceride accumulation during adipogenesis, increase lipolysis, and decrease adipocyte differentiation capacity Error: Reference source not found.


In a study out of Japan, researchers took the now hopefully familiar route of trying to fatten up mice and rats with and without lotus supplementation and measured various obesity related parameters. They found that the supplemented group was able to prevent fat gain as well as hepatic triglycerides, coupled with an inhibited ability to absorb lipids and an accelerated rate of fat oxidation and resting energy expenditure Error: Reference source not found.


A 2013 study out of Korea looked at the effect of lotus supplementation for 7 weeks in animals with diabetes. They found that lotus was an extremely potent inhibitor of an enzyme called a-glucosidase, which lowers the rate of glucose absorption and extends digestion time, leading to a lower post-prandial glucose response Error: Reference source not found. The same study also demonstrated the ability of lotus to lower plasma triglycerides and total cholesterol. Inhibition of a-glucosidase has been shown to reduce triglyceride uptake into fat cells, decrease hepatic lipogenesis, favorably effect skeletal muscle GLUT4 receptor density density, and diminish the production of Advanced Glycation End products (AGEs) Error: Reference source not found.


Olive Leaf extract
Where does it come from?
Olive leaf extract (OLE) is derived from the leaves of the olive plant; we have selected an extract with a high potency of oleuropein, a phenolic compound with some interesting properties relating to prevention of fat gain.

Primary Effects
PPARy, C/EBPa, RQ, AGEs, Insulin, Glucose

We'll kick this one off with the current theme, OLE is yet another ingredient in the Defuse formula that prevents adipocyte differentiation through inhibition/downregulation of PPARy and C/EBPa Error: Reference source not found.


A study published in the Journal of Nutrition found that OLE supplementation increased V02, reduced myocardial oxidative stress, and lowered respiratory quotient (RQ- lower levels indicate more fat oxidation vs. carbohydrate oxidation) Error: Reference source not found. In another study published in Nutrition, researchers overfed two groups of rats for eight weeks, then gave one group OLE and continued to overfeed both groups for another eight weeks. The non-supplemented group developed metabolic syndrome, including elevated abdominal and liver fat, collagen accumulation in the heart and liver, elevated oxidative stress markers, abnormal cholesterol and impaired glucose tolerance. The group supplemented with OLE either improved or normalized all of those parameters, demonstrating a potent protective effect against overfeeding Error: Reference source not found.


In a brand new human study out of The University of Aukland, overweight men at risk for metabolic syndrome were given supplementation with OLE for 12 weeks; researchers noted a 15% improvement in insulin sensitivity along with an almost 30% improvement in pancreatic beta cell responsiveness (the cells that produce insulin) Error: Reference source not found. An improvement in fasting insulin and HbA1c was also noted in a previous human study with 79 diabetic adults Error: Reference source not found.


Finally, OLE is another ingredient in the formula that acts as an anti-glycation agent, reducing production of AGEs Error: Reference source not found.


Galega officionalis
Where does it come from?
Galega officinalis is an herbaceous plant in the Faboideae family native to the Middle East, containing a potent compound called guanidine.

Primary Effects
AMPK, FAS, Acetyl-CoA, GLUT4, Glucose

Galega is going to contribute to fat gain inhibition through some familiar mechanisms, and looks to be quite a promising compound. It has been shown to activate AMPk, increase GLUT4 translocation, and increase skeletal muscle glucose uptake in vitro and in vivo Error: Reference source not found.

An animal study out of Glasgow again demonstrated AMPk activation, as well as inhibition of Acetyl-CoA carboxylase and FAS, increased fat oxidation, and a reduction in body weight Error: Reference source not found.

The most impressive research on galega looked at the effect of supplementation for 28 days on normal and obese mice and measured several parameters. In normal mice, supplementation caused weight loss and a voluntary reduction of food intake. Interestingly, after cessation of the supplement, food intake increased back to normal but the weight loss was maintained. The obese mice supplementing with galega also showed reduced food intake, and the researchers noted a "striking absence of body fat" during post-mortem examinations. Both groups showed a reduction in fasting blood glucose, and the obese group also showed a reduction in serum insulin Error: Reference source not found.

Panax ginseng berry extract
Where does it come from?
Panax ginseng berry extract (GBE) comes from Ginseng; a perennial plant from the Araliaceae family.

Primary Effects
AMPk, FAS, glucose, SREBP-1c

GBE has been shown to inhibit lipogenesis during overfeeding by suppressing FAS and SREBP-1c, while upregulating AMPk. Supplementation was also shown to reverse diet-induced blood sugar cholesterol elevations, while reducing hepatic glucose output Error: Reference source not found. Several studies in obese and/or diabetic animals have demonstrated a favorable modulation of blood glucose, loss of body weight, and even pancreatic beta cell regeneration Error: Reference source not found.


Forskolin 60%
Where does it come from?
Forskolin is a diterpene from the Coleus forskohlii plant.

Primary Effects
Forskolin is well known to effectively target cAMP in adipose tissue, which, among other things, mimics exercise and caloric restriction.


A 12 week randomized, double-blind placebo study out of the University of Kansas found that forskolin supplementation caused a decrease in body fat and an increase in lean body mass compared to the placebo group Error: Reference source not found. The even better news is that this study only used a 10% extract; we have obtained a far more potent 60% extract for Defuse. It has also been suggested to help mitigate weight gain in overweight human subjects Error: Reference source not found.


Silibinin
Where does it come from?
Silibinin comes from milk thistle seeds, and is the main active component of silymarin.

Primary Effects
Most people are well aware of Milk Thistle's profound effect on liver health, but silibinin is included in Defuse for a different reason.


ATGL, Insulin, FFA's, Resistin, TNFa, oxLDL

Silibinin is the first ingredient in the formula to upregulate something called adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), which is an enzyme responsible for initiating the breakdown of stored fat (triglyceride) inside the adipocyte Error: Reference source not found. Silibinin has also been shown to reduce serum fatty acids, improve skeletal muscle insulin resistance, reduce visceral fat, downregulate resistin, and improve glucose metabolism by downregulating gluconeogenesis genes and supporting the Akt pathway Error: Reference source not found.

And for some bonus points, silibinin also inhibits oxidation of LDL particles, decreases lipid peroxidation and lowers TNFa Error: Reference source not found

Rosemary Leaf Extract (carnosic acid)
Where does it come from?
Rosemary is a Mediterranean perennial herb; the leaf extract is a source of a natural diterpene called carnosic acid.

Primary Effects
PPARy, C/EBP, Glucose, Gastric Lipase, Hepatic Lipase

Carnosic acid (CA) does pretty much everything you could ask from an anti-adipogenic compound. Again we're going after PPARy and C/EBPa inhibition, and CA has a unique effect on restructuring the ratios of different forms of C/EBPb, the combined result being inhibition of adipogenesis Error: Reference source not found.

A recent study out of Switzerland boasted some impressive results in overfed mice supplemented with Rosemary leaf extract for 50 days, showing almost a 60% reduction in fat gain and 40% reduction in hepatic triglyceride levels. The researchers determined this effect was likely due to an inhibition of pancreatic lipase activity, and concluded Rosemary extract "…can limit weight gain induced by a high-fat diet and protect against obesity-related liver steatosis" Error: Reference source not found.

CA has been shown in several other studies to significantly reduce body weight and body fat in lean and obese individuals, lower triglycerides, total cholesterol and insulin, reduce visceral fat, improve liver enzymes, favorably modulate glucose and glucose tolerance, inhibit gastric lipase (thereby reducing fat absorption), and inhibit pre-adipocyte differentiation Error: Reference source not found.


Summary
Psychologically and emotionally we need time off, and often that time off involves eating and drinking large meals with friends and family. While we want, and need, to participate we can often find our other, fitness-related, goals compromised.


Defuse gives us a much-needed tool for physique enhancement. Defuse helps prevent fat gain that happens with occasional caloric surplus (vacation and Holidays), and short burst muscle gaining cycles. Incorporating Defuse strategically as directed will minimize fat gain and help to maintain your much-desired leanness.